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A review on recent advances of plant mucilages and their applications in food industry: Extraction, functional properties and health benefits
No full textPlant mucilages have been used for many applications as stabilizers, emulsifiers, thickening or gelling agents, viscosity modifiers, encapsulating agents and food packaging materials (stand-alone films, coatings). In these studies, it has been reported that plant mucilages have potential to extend the shelf-life of food products when applied as coatings or packaging films by reducing the oxidative reactions, microbial spoilage. Besides, they exert required mechanical integrity, and/or barrier against water, and provide active properties as carriers of aroma compounds or antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. Along with their digestive health promoting activities, mucilages also can be used as a fat replacer to reduce the calorie of added food product. Acting as biopolymeric encapsulating agent, mucilages can protect antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds or retain viability of probiotic bacteria in gastrointestinal system with their controlled release properties. This review shows an overview of literature concerning the chemistry, extraction and recent uses of seed mucilage in food industry including encapsulation, emulsion/stabilization, edible film or coating applications, as well as their possible health benefits or employement for drug delivery purposes
Differential Expression and in Silico Functional Analysis of Plasma MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Non-segmental Vitiligo
No full textVitiligo is a disease characterized by acquired depigmentation, white macules, and patches on the skin due to the dysfunction of epidermal melanocytes. In this study, we attempt to profile the microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns and predict the potential targets, assessing the biological functions of differentially expressed miRNAs in the blood of generalized vitiligo patients. Peripheral blood samples were taken from all participants, and the expression levels of 89 identified miRNAs were analyzed with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results indicated significant upregulation of six miRNAs and downregulation of 19 miRNAs in the plasma of vitiligo patients. The top three upregulated miRNAs were hsa-miR-451a, hsa-miR-25-3p, and hsa-miR-19a-3p, and the top three downregulated miRNAs were hsa-miR-146a-5p, hsa-miR-940, and hsa-miR-142-3p. Moreover, the miRNA expression profiles of patients with Type 3 and Type 4 phototypes were substantially different in such a way that the patients with Type 3 phototype would be more prone to the emergence of melanoma and cancer. While significant variations in the expression patterns of miRNAs in male and female vitiligo patients were demonstrated, miR-let-7i-5p, miR-19a-3p, miR-25-3p, and miR-451a were commonly upregulated, and miR-142-3p and miR-146a-5p were commonly repressed in both sexes. This study may shed light on the roles of differentially expressed miRNAs in vitiligo patients by examining the miRNA expression patterns and the combined effects of miRNA and their predicted targets
Letter to the editor: Early outcome measurement of the effectiveness of conventional physical therapy versus continuous passive motion in knee function following retrograde femoral nailing—a prospective randomized controlled trial
No full textLetter to edito
Determining the inclination angles of anchor bolts for sliding and toppling failures: a case study of İzmir, Türkiye
No full textWhen anchors are installed along or close to discontinuity surfaces in a jointed rock slope, it is very difficult for them to bond to the rock mass. The correct orientation of rock anchors should be selected for precise design. Hence, using stereographic projection to reveal the geometrical relationships among the slope face, discontinuities, and anchor bolts is vital. In support measures, the inclination of the anchor bolt is affected by many factors, such as the feasibility and difficulty of construction. Therefore, it should be based on the analysis results of stereographic projection. This study aims to determine the most suitable anchor inclination angle based on geometrical information using stereographic projection techniques to provide the stability to excavation slopes. Remarkable stereographic projection images such as “an opened umbrella” and “an upside-down umbrella” for planar and toppling failures, respectively, were obtained. The most suitable anchor inclination angles for both planar and toppling failures were determined by investigating the largest acute angle between the discontinuity plane and the anchor bolt on the stereographic projection. Additionally, a computer program based on basic geometric relations was developed to determine the most suitable inclination angle for rock anchors installed perpendicular to the slope face. Using both stereographic projection techniques and computer software, the most suitable anchor inclination angles for planar slides and toppling failures were determined to be 17° and 11°, respectively. However, this method may not be reliable in determining the suitable inclination angle of rock anchors in highly fractured rock masses
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish version of the Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale (CABI-SCT) in Children and Adolescents
No full textSluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) (cognitive disengagement syndrome) (CDS) describes a cluster of symptoms including slowness, lethargy, and daydreaming. This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI-SCT) scale and its relationship to other psychological difficulties. A total of 328 children and adolescents aged between 6-18 years were included in the study. CABI-SCT, Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS), Barkley Child Attention Scale (BCAS), ADHD Rating Scale-IV, and Strengths and Challenges Questionnaire (SDQ) were administered to parents of participants. Reliability analysis demonstrated good internal consistency and reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the one-factor model of the Turkish version of CABI-SCT is an acceptable construct. This study supports the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of CABI-SCT for use in children and adolescents providing initial data concerning the psychometric properties and difficulties associated with the Turkish version of the CABI-SCT
Bir Masal Metninin Sonsuz Serüveni: Ali Cengiz Oyunu Çözüldü Mü?
No full textToplumsal ve kültürel kalıpların aktarıcısı olan masallar, sözlü kültürün önemli saç ayaklarından biridir
Effects of Dietary Sodium Nitroprusside and NG-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester on Growth Performance, Some Organs Development Status and Immune Parameters in Broilers
No full textThis study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an NO synthase inhibitor, on growth performance, organ development, and immunity in broilers. A total of 560 one-day-old mixed-gender broiler chickens (ROSS 308) were divided into one control and seven experimental groups. The experimental groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 25, 50, 100, and 200 ppm SNP, and 25, 50, and 100 ppm L-NAME in the starter and grower diets. Body weight gain increased in groups receiving 25-100 ppm L-NAME on day 21 and 100 ppm L-NAME on days 0-42. Feed intake increased in the group receiving 100 ppm L-NAME on all days. The feed conversion ratio improved in the group receiving 25 ppm L-NAME on days 0-21, whereas it worsened in groups with 100 and 200 ppm SNP on days 0-42. Serum antibody titers decreased in the 100 ppm L-NAME group on day 21. In conclusion, the supplementation of the NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME to the broilers' diet had a positive effect on the performance parameters, whereas the NO donor SNP worsened these parameters, especially on days 0-21
Optimum usage of waste marble powder to reduce use of cement toward eco-friendly concrete
No full textIn this study, waste marble powder (WMP) was used to replace cement of concrete in specific amounts. To accomplish this aim, WMP was replaced at 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of the cement weight, and a reference concrete sample without WMP (REF) was created to compare the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. The replacement of WMP at 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of the cement weight resulted in 5.7%, 21.7%, 38.1%, and 43.6% decreases in the compressive strength compared with REF. Furthermore, the splitting tensile strength results commonly followed the same trend as the compressive strength. However, WMP at 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% led to 5.3%, 8.6%, 19.4%, and 26.7% decreases in the flexural strength compared with REF. In addition, three different calculations, ranging from simple to complex, were proposed to compute mechanical resistances of concrete with WMP. These proposed calculations for practical applications were validated using values from the literature and the implications obtained from the current research. While the simple calculations were based on the strength of REF and the WMP percentages, the complex calculations were dependent on the design of the concrete mixture, age of the samples, and the WMP percentages. For the complex calculations, the ANN approach was used with the help of the coefficient of determination (R2) for the K-fold cross validation method. All the proposed methods provided high accurate estimation to predict the properties of concrete with WMP. Based on the studies, utilizing 10% WMP as the replacement of cement is recommended to obtain the optimum benefits considering both mechanical and environmental aspects. Moreover, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses were then conducted to observe the interaction of WMP in concrete. According to the SEM analyses, some pores were detected and the interfacial transition zone was observed in the reaction zone. On the other hand, based on the EDX analyses, the presence of WMP in concrete was manifested by the presence of high levels of calcium
Effect of different hydrogen Fugacities on the microstructure of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
No full textIn this study we compared the microstructural changes in the presence of hydrogen of Ti-6Al-4V alloy prepared by two different additive manufacturing (AM) methods: electron beam melting (EBM) and selective laser melting (SLM). Cathodic hydrogenation of AM Ti-6Al-4V resulted in significant expansion of β Ti phases due to the solute hydrogen, increasing of micro-strains, and α → titanium hydride/βH transformation. It was shown that SLM Ti-6Al-4V with acicular martensitic structure is more prone to hydrogen-induced phase transformation and hydrogen-assisted damage, compared to EBM. Moreover, it was revealed that different hydrogen charging environments cause different microstructural changes in EBM Ti-6Al-4V. Unlike cathodic hydrogen charging, gaseous hydrogen charging at elevated temperature reduced the process-induced micro-strains and promoted Al redistribution within the EBM Ti-6Al-4V. This resulted in massive precipitation of brittle α2-Ti3Al intermetallic compound, which act as a strong hydrogen trapping site aside from the Ti hydride phase
Comparison of Transcutaneous and Total Serum Bilirubin Measurements at Five Different Sites in Newborns before and after Phototherapy
No full textObjective This study aims to examine the accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) in estimating the total serum bilirubin (TSB) level at five different sites before and immediately after phototherapy.
Methods This study prospectively enrolled infants with a gestational age of 34 to 41(6/7) weeks who were clinically diagnosed with neonatal jaundice and required phototherapy within 28 days after birth. TcB levels were measured on the uncovered four areas (forehead, mid-sternum, abdomen, and interscapular site) and covered hipbone by using the Drager JM-103 Jaundice Meter before phototherapy and at 0 min after discontinuing phototherapy. Correlation and agreement between TcB and TSB levels were assessed before and after phototherapy.
Results We included 108 infants with a mean gestational age of 37.6 +/- 1.5 weeks and birth weight of 3108 +/- 548 g. A strong significant correlation was found between TSB and TcB measurements at all five sites before phototherapy with the strongest correlation at the interscapular site ( r = 0.768, p = 0.001). The correlation was weakened between TSB and TcB at all five sites after phototherapy; however, the strongest correlation was at the covered hipbone (r = 0.619, p = 0.001). TcB measurements at all five sites tended to underestimate TSB levels before and after phototherapy. The difference ( TcB - TSB) tended to increase with increasing TSB levels.
Conclusions TcB levels were most accurately measured at the interscapular site and covered hipbone before and immediately after phototherapy, respectively