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Bir Kobi'nin Banka Seçim Sürecinde Aralık Tip 2 Bulanık AHP Yöntemi Uygulaması
No full textThe banking sector is vital for world economies. Although there are broader definitions, the banking sector can be expressed as a sub-sector of the larger financial services industry, which also includes sub-sectors focusing on insurance, venture capital and private equity. One of the most important functions of the said sector is to protect the assets of depositors and to provide loans to individuals and businesses. Individuals consider many criteria in order to receive this service and choose the most suitable bank for them and work with that bank. It is known that the biggest challenge in front of the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is the lack of access to finance. It is important that bank financings can be the main potential source of external financing for the growth of SMEs and on which criteria the bank should be selected based on which this financing can be provided. In this direction, the criteria and sub-criteria that SMEs consider during the bank selection stage were determined in the study and the most suitable alternative bank was selected by using the Interval Type 2 Fuzzy AHP method.Bankacılık sektörü, dünya ekonomileri için hayati önem taşımaktadır. Daha geniş
tanımları bulunmakla birlikte bankacılık sektörü, sigorta, risk sermayesi ve özel
sermayeye odaklanan alt sektörleri de içeren daha büyük finansal hizmetler
endüstrisinin bir alt sektörü olarak ifade edilebilmektedir. Söz konusu sektörün en
önemli işlevlerinden birisi de, mevduat sahiplerinin varlıklarını korumak, kişilere ve
işletmelere kredi vermektir. Bireyler bu hizmeti alabilmek için bir çok kriteri göz
önünde bulundurmakta ve kendilerine en uygun bankayı seçerek, o bankayla
çalışmaktadır. Özellikle küçük ve orta boy işletme (KOBİ)'lerin büyümesinin önündeki
en büyük zorluğun finansmana erişim eksikliği olduğu bilinmektedir. Banka
finansmanlarının KOBİ'lerin büyümesi için ana potansiyel dış finansman kaynağı
olabileceği ve bu finansmanın sağlanabileceği bankayı hangi kriterleri baz alarak
seçmesi gerektiği önem arz etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada KOBİ'lerin banka
seçimi aşamasında göz önünde bulundurdukları kriterler ve alt kriterler belirlenmiş ve
Aralık Tip 2 Bulanık AHP yöntemi kullaılarak en uygun alternatif bankanın seçimi
gerçekleştirilmiştir
Biological assessment of Demirci Stream in Gediz River Basin (West Anatolia of Turkey) and comparative performance of benthic macroinvertebrate-based metrics
No full textConserving freshwaters in West Anatolia requires biomonitoring tools to assess the ecological status of surface water bodies threatened by anthropogenic pollution. This study was carried out to determine water quality of Demirci Stream based on biotic indices. In this seasonal study, a total of seven sampling stations were determined. Asterics software was used to determine biotic and diversity index scores. Pearson’s based correlations were applied in order to determine the proper biotic indices. Relationships between macrobenthic orders and physicochemical variables were revealed by Redundancy Analysis (RDA). Eleven taxonomic groups were found in Demirci Stream consisting of Hygrophlia, Arhynchobdellida, Isopoda, Tubificida, Amphipoda, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera and Hemiptera. As a result of this research, the sampling pints 1, 2, 3 and 4 were of good water quality class while sampling points 5, 6 and 7 were polluted. Arhynchobdellida, Tubificida and Diptera orders showed positive correlations with BOI5, EC, Cl−, TDS, ToC, NH4-N, NO2-N and NO3-N variables, while negatively correlated with DO, Sat-O2 and pH. SI, BMWP, ASPT and BBI were more proper than the FBI index to determine the water quality of Demirci Stream. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS)
Effect of lithological properties of beach sediments on plastic pollution in Bodrum Peninsula (SW Türkiye)
No full textThe effects grain size on transport and retention of plastics in sediments are controversial issue. Four beaches were selected on the Bodrum Peninsula (SW Türkiye) for this study. Twenty-four samples with poorly to well sorted, sandy gravel, gravel, or gravelly sand were collected from the top five cm of the sampling quadrant's four corners and center of 1 m2 area, from shoreline and backshore. The highest plastic content (38 mesoplastics/600 g – 455 microplastics (MPs)/1200 g) was determined on the Bodrum Coast having the highest population. Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane (PU) were predominantly detected with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis as MPs as a fragment and fiber. This study indicates the negative correlation between grain size and the number of MPs in coastal sediments. Anthropogenic activities are evaluated as a possible primary source of plastic pollution in the study area
Membranous nephropathy in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis: A rare renal manifestation or just a coincidence?
No full textRenal involvement in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is uncommon and usually secondary to amyloidosis or analgesic nephropathy. A 41-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with human leukocyte antigen-B27-positive AS 16 years ago was admitted to the rheumatology outpatient clinic with pretibial and pedal edema. She had nephrotic-range proteinuria. Renal biopsy findings confirmed the diagnosis of membranous nephropathy. Extensive malignancy evaluation was negative. Edema regressed, renal functions stabilized, and proteinuria reduced within two months after immunosuppressive therapy
Optimization of the Cross-Sectional Geometry of Auxetic Dowels for Furniture Joints
No full textIn this study, the aim was to optimize the cross-sectional geometry of auxetic dowels for furniture joints. For this purpose, two different sizes of auxetic dowels were chosen, one for frame- and the other for panel-type furniture joints for designing the cross-sectional geometry. Auxetic patterns that are created on the cross-sectional area cause deficiency of the materials, and this phenomenon decreases the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and increases the member stress. Accordingly, maximum MOE values and minimum Poisson's ratio levels were determined for the optimum strength-auxetic behavior relation by means of a Monte Carlo method. Furthermore, Poisson's ratio of the optimized dowel's cross-section was confirmed with experimental tests, numerical analyses and analytical calculations. As a result, Poisson's ratio values were obtained as negative values and confirmed, which means the dowels designed in this study had auxetic behavior. In conclusion, it could be said that studies should be conducted on the performance of auxetic dowels in both frame and panel furniture joints
Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the fear avoidance components scale in patients with chronic pain related to musculoskeletal disorders
No full textBackground: The fear avoidance components scale (FACS) evaluates patients’ cognitive, emotional and behavioral fear avoidance behavior. The aim of the study was to conduct the cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the FACS. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out with 208 patients (46.2 ± 11.4 years, 116 women, 92 men) diagnosed with chronic pain related to musculoskeletal disorders. Individuals were assessed with FACS, Tampa scale of kinesiophobia (TSK), Beck depression inventory (BDI), Oswestry disability index (ODI), numerical pain scale (NPS), and pain catastrophizing scale (PCS). A total of 70 patients completed the FACS for the second time 3 days later. Results: Internal consistency of the total score was excellent (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.815). There was a strong correlation between FACS and TSK and PCS (r1 0.555, r2 0.678, p < 0.001). In addition, the relationship between FACS and BDI and NPS was moderate in terms of construct validity (r1 0.357, r2 0.391, p < 0.001). FACS had a two-factor structure, as expected. The test-retest reliability of the FACS was acceptable to excellent (ICC = 0.526–0.971). Conclusion: The Turkish version of FACS is a valid and reliable questionnaire for patients with chronic pain related to musculoskeletal disorders. The FACS provides a further advantage over identical questionnaires by evaluating cognitive, behavioral and emotional fear avoidance components
Improving the nutritional quality of cereals and legumes by germination
No full textCereal and legume grains are germinated to improve their nutritional and sensory qualities. This study investigated the effect of germination on the physicochemical properties of some grains and legumes grown in Turkiye. At the end of the germination for 48 h and 96 h at 24 +/- 1 degrees C, carbohydrate, protein, lipid, dietary fibre, dry matter, ash, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and colour analyses of the germinated grains were determined. The results indicated that the germina-tion process increased the phenolic content of all samples. The legume seeds' 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity significantly increased with germination. The germination process significantly decreased the total car-bohydrate contents of the samples. A statistically significant decrease was found for the protein content of barley and corn, especially by 48 h of germination. The lipid content of cereal grains decreased as germination progressed. It might be reco-mmended to improve the functional properties of cereals and legumes by germination and their use in the food industry
Mechanical and thermal properties of polyvinyl acetate foams reinforced with biopolymers
No full textThe study developed and designed polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) foams using advanced freeze-drying technology, which exhibited good heat-insulating ability, flame retardancy, and mechanical properties. Different combinations of bleach kraft pulp, water-soluble chitosan, and zinc borate were used to reinforce the foams. The foams exhibited desirable compression and flexural properties, with compression strength and compression modulus ranging from 0.01 MPa to 0.08 MPa and 0.05 MPa to 0.29 MPa, respectively, while flexural strength and flexural modulus ranged from 0.12 MPa to 5.37 MPa and 9.86 MPa to 260,85 MPa, respectively. The use of zinc borate as a reinforcement resulted in improved thermal properties and reduced mass loss at 600°C by 20.69%. Thermal conductivity tests indicated that the foams had low thermal conductivity values ranging from 0.037 W/mK to 0.074 W/mK. The foams with zinc borate (60 g/L) and high molecular weight water-soluble chitosan (70 g/L) reinforcement exhibited high limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 28.72%. Overall, the results suggest that the PVAc foams could serve as a promising sustainable alternative in thermal insulation and construction fields
Geotourism activities via marine excursion: Muğla, SW Türkiye
No full textThe coastal areas have important potentials for geotourism due to aesthetic appearance, distinct morphological formations (spit, beachrock, lagoon) and special sediments (ooid). Although geotourism studies are increasing in trend, studies on coastal areas are limited. Muğla province, which has the longest coastline of Türkiye, has great potential in this sense. This region is visited by millions of domestic and foreign tourists every year. Some of its coastal areas of it has been declared as protection zones due to archaeological ruins, special flora and fauna or small ooid beach. In some areas, although information about marine-land biology and local archeology is given, no information about their geological importance is provided by the guides, and also there is no informative board. A total of twenty-two locations has been proposed in this study for coastal geotourism purposes. It is possible to reach twenty-one destinations by sea. At these points, numerous geological formations such as sandy-gravely beach sediments fed by different rocks (in pocket beach, in front of the delta), delta sediments, small beach with ooid, active normal fault plane, faulted coastal areas, coastal dunes, spit, lagoon and geothermal springs can be visited on the coast and without going too far from the coast. It is thought that these areas, which can be partially visited with daily tours, will contribute to the diversification of tourism with proper planning and promotions. It is also suggested that with increasing geotourism awareness, it would be highly possible for these locations with very high geological importance to reach an open-laboratory status and taken under protection program
Fire behavior prediction with artificial intelligence in thinned black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) stand
No full textModeling forest fire behavior is very important for the effective control of forest fires and the setting up of necessary precautions before fires start. However, studies of forest fire behavior are complex studies that depend on many variables and usually involve large data sets. For this reason, the predictive power and speed of classical forecasting models are lower than of artificial intelligence models in cases involving big data and many variables. Moreover, classical forecasting models must satisfy certain statistical assumptions, unlike artificial intelligence methods. Thus, in this study, predictions were made of surface fire behavior, especially the rate of fire spread and the fire intensity, at the location at which fires started using two artificial intelligence methods, an artificial neural network and a decision tree. The accuracy of the developed models was fitted and tested. Finally, the classical regression model for predicting surface fire behavior was compared with the two artificial intelligence methods. The accuracy measures of the artificial intelligence models were found to be better than those of the classical model