18043 research outputs found
Sort by
Hold the Phone!
Get PDFA mini-comic illustrating access to justice issues when courts restrict cell phone use for parties and litigants, focusing on courts in Virginia. Spanish translation for “¡Guarda su Celular!” from Sylvia Yanes.https://scholarship.richmond.edu/law-comics/1000/thumbnail.jp
Progress Interrupted: Virginia\u27s Hesitant Movement to Landlord-Tenant Reform
Get PDFIn 2018, Virginia’s eviction crisis received national attention. Over the next three legislative sessions in 2019, 2020, and 2021, more than two dozen laws were enacted—a few on a temporary basis but most on a permanent basis—to be more fair, favorable, and friendly to tenants. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the Virginia Governor declaring a State of Emergency on March 12, 2020—the final day of the Regular Session of the Virginia General Assembly. The pandemic added urgency to an already accelerating movement toward landlord-tenant reform which had mustered bipartisan support. That progress dramatically halted in the 2022 Regular Session of the Virginia General Assembly with the defeat of at least five landlord-tenant bills intended to rectify the imbalance between the rights of tenants and landlords. Although some see that as a desired return to normalcy, others see that as a “normal” that Virginia should not want to go back to
Seeing Politics through Popular Culture
Get PDFThis essay surveys the scholarship on Chinese cultural politics in the reform era and argues that popular culture is a crucial realm where politics is manifested, shaped, and challenged. Based on an overview of this literature, this essay finds that Chinese popular culture remains subversive despite evolving political rule and changing socioeconomic structures. Meanwhile, the state has kept up with popular culture and managed to dominate various cultural spaces ranging from television, film, literature, music, and comedy, to celebrities and public discussions on morality.
The studies reviewed here collectively illustrate a fragmented yet vigorous popular culture that actively responds to changing political and socioeconomic conditions, challenging while also reinforcing how political power is received at the grassroots level. To explain the simultaneous advancement of state control over popular culture and the cultural creativity in popular expression, this essay proposes a framework centered on authority to capture and forecast the dynamics of power struggles in popular culture. To create, compete for, and manifest authority is a key mechanism of cultural power, and it can reveal the contentions among political, market, and traditional cultural forces
Prison Housing Policies for Transgender, Non-binary, Gender-non-conforming, and Intersex People: Restorative Ways to Address the Gender Binary in the United States Prison System
Get PDF“[I]t was the end of the last quarter of 2019 where I was able to drop the lawsuit against the correctional officer who had sexually harmed me when I knew . . . that the carceral state is not the way for me to find healing . . . . I was not going to seek my transformation and restoration through this system.”
Each year, rhetoric and legislation attacking transgender, non-binary, gender non-conforming and intersex individuals seemingly grows louder. Many political institutions in the United States perpetuate and enable the oppression of these individuals, one of which is the United States prison system. In the quotation above, Dominique Morgan, the Executive Director of Black and Pink, a prison abolitionist organization, describes her process of coming to terms with the harms she experienced in prison as a transgender woman. Morgan, originally charged with murder, lived eighteen months in solitary confinement, six of those on death row.
This quotation from Morgan not only illustrates how the prison system failed to ensure her safety (as a person convicted of a crime), but it also expresses her reckoning with the failure of the justice system to provide her with a process through which she could heal (as someone who survived a crime). Morgan’s story represents just one of the dangers people face in prisons, especially the vulnerability often heightened for people historically marginalized by society.
Transgender, non-binary, gender-non-conforming, and intersex (“TNGI”) individuals experience violence, sexual assault, social stigmatization, and discrimination from society and, in particular, the United States prison system. Despite some efforts to make housing in prisons safer for TNGI people, the system still fails to protect them.
TNGI people face harms in prison that cisgender people do not because of the “hyper-gendered” structure of the prison system. For example, prison staff often misgender TNGI people, and prison housing policies regularly result in placing TNGI people in prisonsaccording to their sex at birth instead of their gender identity. In addition, TNGI people are ten times more likely to be sexually assaulted in prison than the general prison population.
This Comment seeks to center the experiences of TNGI people living in prisons to shed light on the harms they incur from the United States prison system. Because of the gendered structure of the prison system, TNGI people face additional harms that cisgender prisoners do not experience, and the reforms to prison housing policies have failed to fully address the root of the problem. Restorative justice, through mechanisms used in place of prisons as well as through values-based policymaking, can better account for TNGI people’s well-being by breaking away from the gender binary in prisons and focusing on the diversity of human experiences and methods of relationship-building.
Part I seeks to illuminate the experiences of TNGI people in the United States and, more specifically, in prison. I also introduce the current prison housing policies and practices in the United States. In Part II, I provide a preview of restorative justice, which will be combined with the theories in Part III to form the rest of the argument.
The first section of Part III introduces theories concerning the gendered structure of prisons and how this perpetuates the gender binary. I then expand upon these theories and apply them to the experiences of TNGI people in prison. Next, I explain how the theory of relational restorative justice can help move past the gender binary in prisons and create a more equitable response to wrong-doings. Last, I discuss the current movements concerning prison housing reform and explain why these are lacking
A small survey of introduced Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in orchards of the eastern United States
No full textThe African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus (Gupta), is a generalist fruit fly that typically breeds in decaying fruits from over 70 plant species. The species has spread globally from its native range in tropical Africa, becoming an invasive pest on ripening figs in Brazil. First reported in the United States in 2005 in Florida, Z. indianus has since been documented as far north as Canada and is hypothesized to recolonize northwards from southern refugia each year. We sampled drosophilid communities over the growing season at 2 orchards in Virginia from 2020 to 2022 and 11 orchards along the East Coast during the fall of 2022 to quantify the abundance of Z. indianus relative to other drosophilids across locations, seasons, and fruit crops. Massachusetts had the northernmost population, with no Z. indianus detected in Maine and no correlation between latitude and relative abundance. Variation in Z. indianus relative abundance was high between nearby orchards and abundance was higher on peaches relative to apples within orchards. Comparisons of seasonal abundance curves between 2 Virginia orchards showed similar dynamics across years with individuals first detected around July and becoming absent around December, with peaks in late summer and mid-fall. The variation in seasonal and latitudinal abundance shown here highlights a need for broader sampling to accurately characterize the range, spread, and environmental tolerances of Z. indianus in North America
Josep M. Miró: El cosmopolita arrelat
No full textEl dramaturg català Josep M. Miró està vivint un moment dolç, d’activitat teatral delirant. El seu recent Premi Nacional de Literatura Dramàtica concedit pel Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte per El cos més bonic que s’haurà trobat mai en aquest lloc representa la culminació d’un periple que arrenca l’octubre de 2020, en plena pandèmia, quan el text rep el XLV Premi Born de Teatre (el tercer Premi Born, de fet, de Miró). Després d’una lectura dramatitzada a Buenos Aires i una altra al Teatro di Rifredi de Florència (amb traducció d’Angelo Savelli), interpretada per la distingida actriu italiana Maddalena Crippa, el seu monòleg a set veus, de caràcter simfònic, té la seva estrena mundial en català durant la tardor del 2021 al Teatre de Salt dins el marc del XXX Festival Temporada Alta de Girona. El muntatge, dirigit per Xavier Albertí, amb una extraordinària interpretació de part de Pere Arquillué, aterra al Teatre Romea de Barcelona el maig de 2022, seguit pel debut de la traducció castellana d’Eva Vallinés Menéndez a la Sala Verdi de Montevideo el mes de setembre
How Elements Die
No full textIf you’ve been in ceramics for very long, you’ve most likely changed elements in a kiln. Each time you do this, you lose out on firings and studio time, and it costs several hundred dollars—a huge chunk of change for a potter. More often than not, this happens every year or two. If you’re lucky, you’re working in a facility or university art program where some other poor soul changes them for you and you don’t know any better. Kiln elements work like any normal heating elements in an oven: a current is passed through the wire, certain metals resist that current/voltage flow, and that resisted flow is converted to heat by the element. These are typically called “nichrome” as the more traditional heating elements contain nickel and chromium; however, Kanthal A-1 or APM makes iron-chromium-aluminum (FeCrAl) alloy elements. Calling them nichrome would be misleading, although it is still commonly done
A multidimensional study of the structure function ratio from hard exclusive π+ electro-production off protons in the GPD regime
No full textA multidimensional extraction of the structure function ratio σLT′/σ0 from the hard exclusive ⃗ep → e′nπ+ reaction above the resonance region has been performed. The study was done based on beam-spin asymmetry measure- ments using a 10.6 GeV incident electron beam on a liquid-hydrogen target and the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. The measurements focus on the very forward regime (t/Q2 ≪ 1) with a wide kinematic range of xB in the valence regime (0.17 \u3c xB \u3c 0.55), and virtualities Q2 ranging from 1.5 GeV2 up to 6 GeV2. The results and their comparison to theoretical mod- els based on Generalized Parton Distributions demonstrate the sensitivity to chiral-odd GPDs and the directly related tensor charge of the nucleon. In addition, the data is compared to an extension of a Regge formalism at high photon virtualities. It was found that the Regge model provides a better description at low Q2, while the GPD model is more appropriate at high Q2. Keywords: Exclusive single pion, Eletroproduction, GPD, CLAS12 PACS: 13.60.Le, 14.20.Dh, 14.40.Be, 24.85.+p
to the three-dimensional structure of the nucleon by correlating information about the transverse position and the longitudinal momentum of the quarks and gluons within the nucleon. Besides deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS), also deeply virtual meson production (DVMP) can be used to ac- cess GPDs. The factorization of the DVMP process into a perturbatively calculable hard-scattering part and two soft hadronic matrix elements, pa- rameterized by GPDs and a meson distribution amplitude (DA) as shown in Fig. 1 has been proven for longitudinally polarized virtual photons at large photon virtuality Q2, large energy W and fixed Bjorken-x [4, 5]. The con- tribution of transversely polarized virtual photons for which factorisation is not explicitly proven, is typically treated as a higher twist-effect in current phenomenological models [6]