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Cancelling Justice? The Case of James Clark McReynolds
Get PDFOver the last several years, there has been a vigorous debate as to whether monuments and memorials of Confederate leaders and controversial historical figures should be purged from the public square. These conversations have included former Supreme Court justices and have led to the removal of multiple statues of former Chief Justice Roger Taney, author of the infamous “Dred Scott” decision. Drawing on the arguments mounted for and against the removal of statues, this article explores the decision of a small liberal arts college to strip the name of former Supreme Court Justice James Clark McReynolds from a campus building. The article concludes that future decisions regarding monuments and memorials to other justices will involve not only consideration of the justices’ jurisprudence but also public and private acts of discrimination and racial animus
Federal Execution Protocols: Lessons Learned in Grammar and Reverse Federalism
Get PDFIn 2019, the Department of Justice announced that it was ready to restart federal executions and issued a press release outlining how they would proceed. The Press Release dictated that the federal inmates would be injected using a one-drug protocol comprised of the barbiturate pentobarbital. This was a source of controversy as the new federal protocol was not the same protocol used in several states and the federal statute governing executions at the federal level states that federal executions be conducted “in the same manner” as the state in which the execution occurs. This discrepancy sparked litigation in which courts had to determine if the Federal Government was required to use the same method as the state in which the execution occurs, or if the Federal Government was, instead, required to use a particular state’s protocol, which may or may not be in line with what the DOJ promulgated. Or, put simply, what does the word “manner” mean? This Comment reviews the arguments and the outcome of the litigation and offers a substantive analysis of their strengths and weaknesses, as well as considers what insight the abruptly ending litigation provides into the emergence of reverse federalism in the death penalty context
United States Penal System: Approaches to Rehabilitating Minor Drug Offenders and the Efforts of Governments to Reduce the Number of Incarcerated Individuals
Get PDFThe War on Drugs drastically changed the criminal treatment of illicit drug users in the United States. Changes in the 1980s brought about stricter sentencing laws for simple possession of unlawful substances. While the intent of the legislature was to prevent repeat offenders through the imposition of harsher penalties, these sterner consequences have forced countless individuals into a vicious cycle of incarceration without being offered the rehabilitative services needed to address substance abuse or addiction. Historically, the legal system has treated minor drug offenders in the same regard as those committing violent crimes. Inmates leaving American prisons often find themselves back in prison within several years. Despite high recidivism rates that do not appear to be on the decline, little has been done to address these issues since the 1980s. Although the passing of the First Step Act in December of 2018 addressed many of the obstacles that minor drug offenders face, much more can be done to improve recidivism rates in the United States. Part I provides a historical background on drug offenses in the United States and current approaches to rehabilitation. Particularly, it addresses how the criminal justice system operates separately and independently without communication from the medical community in rehabilitating minor drug of-fenders into society. Part II examines alternative approaches implemented by other countries around the world and their successes or failures. Part III pro-vides an analysis of how the United States could implement varying approaches and programs to support its current rehabilitative measures. Part IV highlights the main points with suggestions for how the United States should alter its rehabilitative measures moving forward
Law and Order: Zero Gravity
Get PDFIn August 2019, a woman named Anne McClain logged into her ex-wife’s private bank account, violating privacy laws. While in any other case this would be just another issue of identity theft, this was no ordinary crime. Rather, McClain was 254 miles above the Earth, traveling 17,150 miles per hour aboard the International Space Station when she allegedly used a NASA-registered computer to log onto her estranged wife’s account. Hers was the first crime committed off planet Earth, and it raises the question: how do countries decide who investigates and prosecutes crimes committed in space? As space tourism, interplanetary travel, and international involvement in space grow, the legal questions of space exploration and research have become increasingly complicated and technical
What’s the Hang-Up on Hangovers?
Get PDFGetting a hangover after drinking the night before can lead to varying regrets the next morning depending on a variety of factors including gender, weight, food consumption, and alcohol consumption. What a hangover feels like can vary a lot too: headaches, nausea, fatigue, etc.
Scientists are interested in understanding hangovers and how to prevent them because they experience them too
Is Medecine Losing Money?
Get PDFIt is no secret that modern medicine has improved people’s lives in virtually every are of healthcare. What is also not a secret is how expensive it is. . Not only does the average American spend roughly 1200 on pharmaceuticals. The candidates gunning for the U.S. presidency often bring up the topic of rising pharmaceuticals and what they would do to change it. Medical services and products as a whole are of concern for virtually all Americans, and many of them are considered overpriced. The development of these products isn’t cheap, and it needs funding. On the other hand, citizens would rather spend that $1200 on other commodities. Looking at the path of funding for pharmaceuticals and biomedical research as a whole can help people understand why
Passive Antibody Therapy: Potentially the First COVID-19 Treatment
Get PDFWhile the world anxiously waits for a COVID-19 vaccine, thousands of people are in critical condition, in need of help today. Scientists are wondering what tools they have now to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and help save the lives of patients in critical condition. Passive antibody therapy may be the solution