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e-Museletter: August 2021
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Tree Man Syndrome
Imagine a condition in which lesions that grow on your appendages are so severe that you cannot use your hands and feet properly. Moreover, these lesions are large and painful, and prevent you from being able to perform daily activities. Surgery, a common answer for this condition, can temporarily control the growths, but the lesions continue to grow back after each surgical operation. Currently, there is no cure, and the treatments only offer a temporary fix. Therefore, you are faced with a lifelong condition that severely limits your ability to live a normal life. Though there are many debilitating diseases, few of them are not given much attention. For example, one extremely rare disease is Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV), or tree man syndrome, characterized by bark-like warts growing on the body. Although the exact number of cases of EV is uncertain, about 200 cases in the world have been reported thus far
The Virginia Values Act: A Landmark Civil Rights Legislation Leapfrogs Virginia into a Leader on Equality
After more than 25 years of Republican political control, Virginia passed thirteen pieces of pro-equality legislation in 2020, the most sweeping of which was the Virginia Values Act. That legislation modernized Virginia civil rights law, bringing the state into line with the overwhelming majority of other states in addressing discrimination. In addition to adding nondiscrimination protections for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people in existing law - which included housing, public employment, and credit it created all-new protections from discrimination in employment and places of public accommodation on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, pregnancy, childbirth or related medical conditions, age, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital status, disability, or status as a veteran. The legacy of the Virginia Values Act represents tremendous progress for the Commonwealth of Virginia not only on LGBTQ equality, but also in grappling with racism and sexism. It is a manifestation of the transformation of Virginia over time, and it is a reflection of the power of an elected body to make transformative change when the representatives are free to vote in alignment with not only their conscience, but in accord with the will of their constituents. To continue making such progress across the South, it will be imperative that other legislatures undergo similar transformations
A Better Breath
Pollution and poor air quality can damage the health of people and their surrounding environments and are often tied to societal factors. This study collected spatial and temporal variability in air quality in the Greater Richmond Area to examine the connections between spatial patterns of pollution and demographic and economic variables. Air quality sensors were used to analyze the particulate matter as we examined the patterns in varying areas around the city and identified communities who were most vulnerable to these health concerns
Long Coalitions in the Old Dominion
Federalist Paper No. 10 was James Madison\u27s jeremiad against what he called “faction, and what we might call political parties. Nevertheless, just over two decades from Federalist 10’s publication in 1787, Madison ran for president of the United States at the head of the 1808 Democratic-Republican ticket, and thus became the leader of one of the largest factions hitherto known in American politics. Given the allure of party politics, this paper reviews the literature on the attraction and incentive structure of political parties and extends that literature into voting patterns in Virginia\u27s General Assembly. In the aperture of Thomas Shwartz\u27s long coalitions hypothesis, this paper tests whether lawmakers in the Virginia General Assembly cooperate with each more, and thus convey more caucus unity, while they are in the majority, compared to caucus unity in the minority. This paper concludes that caucus unity increases in the majority party and decreases in the minority party, a pattern consistent with the long coalitions hypothesis
Reports of Cases by Lord Hardwicke
Philip Yorke, earl of Hardwicke (1690-1764) was the Lord Chancellor of Great Britain from 1737 to 1756. He had a brilliant legal mind, and his memory is still celebrated today.
These reports are taken from Lord Hardwicke\u27s opinions in other cases. Thus, being statements by Lord Hardwicke of these cases, in that sense, they are his reports of these cases. The text published here has been massaged into the standard format for law reports. However, originally, it was Lord Hardwicke\u27s treatment of these reports as legal precedents for other cases that were before him for decision, which precedents he followed or distinguished away factually or questioned as to the qualify of the reports themselves. At Lord Hardwicke\u27s time and before, there were no professional or official reporters
Fostering Student Digital Literacy Through the Fabric of Digital Life.
Background
Defining literacy in the writing classroom is a difficult project, as the sheer amount of literature on the subject (Cargile Cook 2002) and various articulations of literacy (Spilka 2009) demonstrate. Despite the struggle to identify an agreed-upon meaning for literacy in writing classrooms, pedagogical scholarship voices a need to understand literacy as literacies, or as plural, multidimensional, or multilayered (Cargile Cook 2002; Breuch 2002; Selber 2004; Hovde and Renguette 2017). Furthermore, as technologies including data analytics, wearable devices, and immersive technologies (like VR or AR) increasingly affect writing processes, the classroom significance of addressing digital literacy is abundantly clear. Multidimensional literacies present a need for multidimensional instructional models, yet there is no innovative model for building digital literacy. Focusing specifically on digital literacy, which includes “making ethically informed choices and decisions about digital behaviour … digital safety, digital rights, digital property, digital identity and digital privacy” (Traxler 2018, 4), our ongoing collaborative research project, Building Digital Literacy (BDL), aims to discover how students understand and develop digital literacy. In this article we provide assignments implemented in several writing courses as part of the BDL project. We hope to highlight how instructors can develop assignments that engage students with the multiple literacies needed to be successful critical thinkers in their personal and professional digital lives
Oral Exams: A Time-Honored Tool with a Fresh Purpose.
With the sudden shift to Zoom classrooms in the spring of 2020, I found it difficult to connect with students and uncertain of their understanding of critical content. On a whim, I resurrected and reconfigured a tool from graduate school: the oral exam. This assessment tool not only helped me address both of these issues but it also gave students an opportunity to improve their communication skills, conquer anxiety, and solve problems quickly and confidently
Organizational Networking, Leadership, and Community Engagement: A Case Study of the Revitalization of an Impaired Watershed in Richmond, Virginia
Green infrastructure is a necessary component of urban environments designed to mitigate climate instability and provide healthier living environments for urban residents. Discrimination and socio-economic status are some of the determining factors in the provision of green infrastructure, availability of green spaces, and outdoor programming available in urban communities. This paper describes an exploratory case study of the partnerships between municipal and nonprofit organizations involved in the revitalization of an impaired watershed in Richmond, Virginia. Preliminary findings suggest networking between agencies and nonprofits with strong mission alignment can increase organizational capacity by sharing specialized training and resources. Success may also be impacted by the institutional knowledge maintained in the network system and the ability to engage the community over a sustained time period
Critique of the Bias-of-Crowds Model Simply Restates the Model: Reply to Connor and Evers (2020).
Millions of people have taken an implicit test of racial bias, and the majority have displayed a preference for White people over Black people. What does it mean? The most common interpretation is that those who show such a preference are biased people and that they have an attitude, whether they explicitly acknowledge it or not, that favors White people over Black people. An alternative interpretation is that when people display a racial bias on an implicit test, it reflects the social environment they are in. It could be both. The lesson drawn from this research is important, because it bears not only on scientific theories of prejudice and discrimination but also on policy decisions about the best ways to eliminate racial disparities. Do we target individuals and try to change their attitudes? Or do we focus on social environments and the systems that impersonally preserve inequality