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Bridging Natural Language and ASP: A Hybrid Approach Using LLMs and AMR Parsing
No full textAnswer Set Programming (ASP) is a declarative programming paradigm based on logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning. It is a tremendously powerful tool for describing and solving combinatorial problems. Like any other language, ASP requires users to learn how it works and the syntax involved. It is becoming increasingly required for those unfamiliar with programming languages to interact with code. This thesis proposes a novel method of translating unconstrained English into ASP programs for logic puzzles using an LLM and Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) graphs. Everything from ASP rules, facts, and constraints is generated to fully represent and solve the desired problem. Example logic puzzles are used to demonstrate the capabilities of the system. While most current methods rely entirely on an LLM, the proposed system minimizes the role of the LLM only to complete straightforward tasks. The LLM is used to simplify natural language sentences, identify keywords, and generate simple facts. The AMR graphs are then parsed from simplified language and used to generate ASP constraints systematically. The system successfully creates an entire ASP program that solves a combinatorial logic problem. This approach is a significant first step in creating a lighter-weight, explainable system that converts natural language to solve complex logic problems
Assessing How Speakers with Non-American Accents Experience and Manage Communication Accent Stigma in Healthcare Situations in the United States.
No full textStigma related to one’s accent negatively affects the health decisions and behaviors of individuals with non-native American accents in the United States. Drawing upon stigma management communication theory (SMCT), this study explored the stigma experiences of individuals with non-native American accents in the United States, how they manage these situations and how it shapes their healthcare behaviors through ten semi-structured interviews. Stereotype threat, dismissiveness, preconceived judgment of their English-speaking abilities and discrimination were experienced by half of the participants. SMCT’s strategies of accepting, avoiding, evading, reducing offensiveness, ignoring, evading responsibility, and denying were also identified. The results show that individuals with non-native American accents also experience stigma related to their accent in healthcare situations which makes them hesitant to seek care. The findings suggest that stereotype threat and patients’ stigma management strategies are important phenomena that can impact the healthcare outcome of patients with non-native American accents. This study is one of the first studies that applies SMCT specifically to investigate how people with accents navigate the healthcare setting as they experience stigma
Detective Fiction and Anti-Intellectualism at the Fin de Siècle
No full textAt the turn of the century there was an increase in social concern surrounding intellectualism and the role of the academic in a rapidly industrializing world. While anti-intellectualism is addressed in a variety of literary texts, detective fiction offers a unique insight into the emergent anxieties surrounding intellectualism. The Sign of the Four, published in 1890 by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and The Man Who Was Thursday, published in 1908 by G.K. Chesterton, both address the increased cynicism surrounding intellectualism. I argue that Conan Doyle attempts to justify the work of the intellectual by proposing that they are necessary to prevent reverse-colonization, while Chesterton critiques the idea that intellectuals are openly planning the downfall of Western society. Chesterton and Conan Doyle’s different approaches to addressing the fears surrounding intellectualism highlight the pervasive distrust of the intellectual through two decades and the efforts of literary authors to emphasize the continued importance of intellectuals in modern times
Battery Design for Improved Resiliency Against Internal Shorting
No full textLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are a cornerstone of next-generation electric aircraft, offering high energy density, power density, and long cycle life. However, these attributes introduce safety challenges, particularly the risk of thermal runaway (TR), which poses significant concerns in high-energy, high-power applications. This study addresses these challenges by investigating LIB systems’ structural, thermal, and mechanical under extreme conditions and proposing engineering solutions to enhance safety and performance by improving resiliency against internal electrical shorting. A key focus of this work is the detection and mitigation of internal short circuits (ISC), a primary trigger for TR. ISCs can result from mechanical abuse or the formation of lithium dendrites in which a metallic object internally connects anodes and cathodes, leading to a fast battery discharge and consequent heat generation. Advanced sensing layers that detect early dendrite growth are demonstrated, providing a critical safety feature. Techniques to distinguish dendrite-induced changes from routine operational behaviors are discussed, emphasizing the need for continued algorithm development for practical application. These innovations hold promise for integration into battery management systems (BMS), enhancing overall system safety while maintaining performance. To mitigate mechanical abuse risks, this study explores materials (battery enclosure) and configurations to improve LIB safety and functionality for a wide range of applications, including aviation. Titanium (Ti) is an optimal material for battery enclosures due to its superior thermal and mechanical properties and moderate gravimetric density. Among three widely used LIB formats, viz. cylindrical, prismatic, and pouch, pouch cell formats offer advantages in weight and compactness, they require enhanced protection to withstand mechanical stress and prevent TR. Modular designs and optimized secondary enclosures are proposed to improve battery mechanical resiliency and, hence, safety needed for applications in electronics, electric vehicles, and electric/hybrid aircrafts. Finally, experimental findings on LIB safety behavior under high-speed impact conditions, simulating aircraft crash scenarios, are presented. Tests on the pouch and cylindrical LIB cells (NMC and LFP chemistries) reveal the high vulnerability of unprotected cells to damage and TR at speeds exceeding 50 mph. The addition of protective enclosures significantly improved survivability, with cells enduring impacts up to 150 mph. Though, these results provide insights into optimizing protective designs to meet typical aircraft velocities (500–700 mph), the knowledge can be applied to improve the high-speed collision safety of electric vehicles as well. By integrating advancements in ISC detection, protective enclosure design, and high-speed impact testing, this work outlines a comprehensive approach to enhancing the safety, reliability, and performance of LIBs in a wide range of applications, including electric vehicles and electric aircraft. Future efforts will focus on further refining these strategies for modular battery systems, contributing to the implementation of sustainable and safe energy storage systems for electric vehicles and electric aviation
The Impact of Pre-Collegiate Programs for Students of Color
No full textUsing a strengths-based framework, this study explores how the Fast Forward program supports students in navigating high school challenges, developing essential skills, and fostering a sense of belonging in higher education. By analyzing survey data and family narratives, my research highlights key factors contributing to college readiness, including mentorship, academic support, and personal development. The findings underscore the importance of early intervention and holistic support in closing equity gaps and ensuring long-term student success. This study provides valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and program administrators seeking to enhance pre- collegiate initiatives and improve outcomes for historically marginalized students
November 9
No full textNovember 9, by Colleen Hoover, follows Fallon, an aspiring actress, and Ben, an ambitious writer, who meet by chance on November 9—Fallon’s last day in Los Angeles before moving across the country. Drawn to each other, they agree to meet only once a year on the same date, with no contact in between, allowing their lives to unfold independently while their connection deepens over time. As the years pass, Fallon learns that Ben’s intentions may be tied to a past tragedy involving her, forcing both of them to confront painful truths. The story explores healing, forgiveness, and the blurred lines between love and destiny.https://ecommons.udayton.edu/ul_popularromance/1116/thumbnail.jp
Generation Z: Influences on College Decision Factors and Regret Faced
Full text linkI decided to write a research paper on this topic because I personally know people who have regretted their decision to attend a certain college, or college altogether, due various influences that had an impact on their college decision-making process. While many of my friends have regret that stemmed from social circumstances, specifically the partying habits of their peers, there were also a lot of complaints from the economic side of things. College can be expensive even with scholarships and financial aid, causing students to regret their decisions when they see how much debt they\u27re in, causing unneeded additional stress. Personally, I have experienced regret due to economic challenges but even more so familial, as being away from family while in times of need can be challenging. This led me to conduct this research to evaluate how much social, familial, and economic factors effect students and how common feeling regret due to these influences are
A Qualitative Analysis of 14- to 17-Year-Olds’ Perceptions of and Interest in Dietetics
Full text linkObjective: To understand 14-17-year-old youth’s perceptions of the field of dietetics and what would influence them to pursue or not pursue dietetics as a career. Design: Researchers developed an electronic survey asking about youth’s perceptions of the dietetics profession. Setting/Participants: The survey was distributed to a diverse population of youth aged 14-17 in the USA. Main Outcome Measures: Researchers aimed to understand what qualities 14-17-year-olds associate with dietetics professionals and if youth are interested in and/or view themselves as capable of becoming a dietitian. Analysis: SPSS software calculated descriptive statistics. Open-ended responses were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: Half of the sample (n=506) were female (49.6%), and a majority of the sample were White (61.46%), 14-15 years old (71.17%), and had previously heard of dietetics (51.89%). Respondents view dietitians as nutrition experts who have a credential, interact with people, and work in a variety of settings. Personal interest in pursuing dietetics varied due to educational requirements, qualifications, self-efficacy, and the need for fulfillment. Conclusions and Implications: Youth expect dietitians to be and look a certain way, which may contribute to the lack of diversity within the profession. An opportunity exists for more education to increase awareness about the dietetics profession
Supplementary Material 06: Transient Performance
Full text linkLecture supplement for the course Control Systems (ECE 415) in the University of Dayton School of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, taught by Raúl Ordóñez, PhD, Professor. The course is a study of mathematical models for control systems and analysis of performance characteristics and stability. Design topics include pole placement, root locus, and frequency domain techniques