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Gut microbial metabolite indole: a stimulator of enteroendocrine cell differentiation via activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Get PDFEnteroendocrine cells (EECs) regulate energy balance and glucose homeostasis by releasing hormones in response to food intake. Dysregulated EEC differentiation is observed in obesity, while gut microbiota metabolites influence this process. Here, we investigated the role of indole, a biologically active gut microbial metabolite, in EEC differentiation through aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation. Human intestinal organoids derived from jejunal mucosal biopsies were exposed to indole. Indole treatment significantly increased mRNA levels of chromogranin A, an EEC marker. The effect was reversed by an AhR antagonist, indicating AhR involvement. Indole also upregulated AhR target gene mRNA levels. These findings highlight the potential of AhR activation as a novel pathway by which gut microbial metabolites, such as indole, stimulate EEC differentiation. Understanding the mechanisms underlying EEC differentiation may offer insights into therapeutic strategies for metabolic disorders associated with impaired EEC function
The Association of demographic factors with the integration and commitment of West Virginia’s International University students
Get PDFThis study explored the association of four independent variables (i.e., sex, class standing, GPA, and living status) with the academic integration, social integration, and institutional commitment (the dependent variables) of international students attending seven public regional universities in West Virginia. A researcher-developed, Likert-type questionnaire was used to examine the potential relationships among the variables. Results from point-biserial correlations indicated the relationships among the four demographic variables and each of the three dependent variables were not statistically significant, although a few statistically significant correlations were noted among the dependent variables’ sub-scale items. Results from independent samples t-tests also indicated a number of statistically significant mean differences among the sub-scale items. Implications and recommendations for future research were provided
Connecting With Clients in Later Life: The Use of Telebehavioral Health to Address Older Adults’ Mental Health Needs
Get PDFTelebehavioral health offers a unique opportunity to expand access to mental health services for older clients by addressing systemic barriers that often render mental health care inaccessible in later life. Although health interventions facilitated by technology, including telebehavioral health approaches, proliferated at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, little guidance exists for counselors seeking to provide such services to clients in later life. In this manuscript, we describe challenges accessing mental health services, how telebehavioral health services can address these barriers, and practical consideration for delivering telebehavioral health approaches for counselors who work with older clients
Girl Scouts of Black Diamond Council
No full textGirl Scouts working on a badge during Girl Scout Badge College, December 16, 2023,, on the Marshall University, Huntington campus.https://mds.marshall.edu/bd_girl_scout_badge_college_2023/1008/thumbnail.jp
Merging Black Holes: Assessing the Performance of Two Analytic Gravitational Waves Models
Get PDFMerging black holes produce the loudest signal in the detectors. However, this is the most difficult signal to accurately predict with analytical techniques. Only computer simulations can account for the nonlinear physics during the collision, but they are inherently complex, costly, and affected by numerical errors. In order to bypass this problem, two analytical models for the merger have been developed: the Implicit Rotating Source (IRS) and the newer Backwards one Body (BoB). In this work, we assess the performance of the BoB model by comparing it with the older IRS model and with the numerical data, identifying its strengths and weaknesses. Our main finding reveals discrepancies in amplitude, but overall excellent accord in frequency. The BoB model is comparable with the IRS and NR simulations, having the added advantage that it depends only indirectly on numerical data, it accounts for spin, and it offers a seamless fit with the analytical formalisms for the inspiral. By independently evaluating and testing those models, we bring evidence of their reproducibility, thus upholding high scientific standards, and make available our implementation, enabling readers to evaluate our results themselves
