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Characterizing eruption initiation mechanisms and storage conditions at the high-threat Kolumbo volcano, Greece
No full textCrystals and glass produced in explosive volcanic eruptions provide insights into magmatic processes. Kolumbo, a shallow submarine volcano located in the Hellenic Arc, last erupted in 1650 CE in a violently explosive and tsunamigenic event. Understanding the magma plumbing system beneath Kolumbo is critical for reconstructing its eruptive history and informing hazard assessments in this region. Using in situ tephra deposits cored during the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 398, this thesis reconstructs the temporal evolution of the magma plumbing system at Kolumbo over two eruptive units: 1650 CE (Unit K5) and an older eruption of ~24 ka (Unit K3/4). This research: (1) infers the pre-eruption magmatic processes and eruption initiation mechanisms, (2) determines the magma storage conditions, including pressure, temperature, and H₂O content, and (3) assesses the temporal variations in the magmatic system at Kolumbo. Results from plagioclase-melt hygrometry and melt- and mineral-based thermobarometers reveal that the K3/4 and K5 magmas were stored at similar mid-crustal depths (~9–13 km). The K3/4 eruption was likely triggered by thermal underplating and volatile saturation of a silicic reservoir (721–797 °C, 4.5–5.1 wt% H₂O). Whereas, the K5 eruption was initiated by mafic injection from a deep basaltic source (~14.8–16.3 km; 1080–1218 °C; 0.3 wt% H₂O), which passed through an intermediate melt (~14.4–14.8 km; 1025–1131 °C; 1.2–1.7 wt% H₂O) before recharging the mid-crustal silicic reservoir (758–849 °C; 3.7–4.7 wt% H₂O). These results align with present-day seismic and geophysical models and contribute to broader efforts to characterize the eruptive history and magmatic architecture of the Christiana–Santorini–Kolumbo volcanic field
Pacific Mammal Research Intern
No full textThe research is non-invasive and focuses primarily on behavioral analysis. Working with the research team at PacMam, Dr. Cindy Elliser and Katrina White, I have worked as an intern from 2 June 2025 until 29 August 2025. Throughout this time, I have participated in observational fieldwork sessions and a self-directed individual project. For my self-directed project I have continued PacMam’s pinniped identification catalog through identifying harbor seals as observed in field sessions from known harbor seals of the area to measure site fidelity. The fieldwork and the individual project both contributed towards achieving my personal and educational goals for this internship
Urban Planning Archives Intern
No full textThe first task I began was researching the archival process. Records held by government agencies are required to follow specific guidelines to ensure that their records are retained for the proper amount of time. To do so, several record retention schedules designate record types with a Disposition Authority Number (DAN), which determines how the record should be handled. For example, in the Land Use Planning Records Retention Schedule, the DAN “LU50-16-01 Rev. 2” refers to “Comprehensive Land Use Plans and Amendments (Adopted)” which indicates that these records must be “Retained until repealed or superseded and then transferred to the state archives” (Land Use Planning and Permitting Records Retention Schedule, 2024). Without experience in the archival process, there was a lot for me to learn. Thankfully, the state archives website offers numerous resources to help beginners gain an understanding of the process
DH Environmental Services Intern
No full textDuring my time at DH, I also learned the basics on how taking samples to be sent for testing is like. I went on many outings where I needed to take soil samples, weather I needed to dig a hole to get a composite sample or just taking it right from the earth I learned how to not contaminate the sample and how properly store the sample, and how to fill out the paperwork required to get said sample tested for the proper hazardous materials
RESOURCES - North Sound Waterkeeper
No full textRE Sources is an environmentally focused non-profit organization located in Bellingham, Washington whose programs focus on protecting the Salish Sea, climate action, forests and watersheds, and educating for the environment (RE Sources, What We Do). The organization was founded in 1982 and its team consists of environmental advocates, educators, and scientists” (RE Sources, About Us). The mission of RE Sources is to engage the local community in efforts to protect our shared land and waters and operate based on their core values of justice, hope, and accountability (RE Sources, About Us). Their core programs have several initiatives that involve community outreach and engagement, youth programs, and volunteer based environmental monitoring
Wildlife Care Intern
No full textNo matter what has happened to the animal, the wildlife center staff and interns are there and happy to help. On intake, animals are stabilized, given a full exam, given needed medications, and set up in their respective room. The staff does an amazing job at keeping up with an overwhelming amount of patients, and are dedicated to giving the best care for every animal they take in. By my last day, almost 1,800 patients had come into the center since the beginning of the year
Beach Naturalist Internship: Washington State Parks
No full textWashington State Parks operates over 140 parks, historic sites, trails, and properties across the state of Washington (Washington State Parks, 2024). Through stewardship and outreach, Washington State Parks provide residents and visitors to the state with access to outdoor recreation. Washington State Parks has a variety of career paths, such as park rangers, park aides, and interpretive specialists. Each position within state parks helps maintain and provide access to the natural resources in these areas. Deception Pass State Park is the most popular park operated by Washington State Parks (Deception Pass Park Foundation, 2025b)
Snohomish County Surface Water Ecology Internship
No full textFor the summer of 2025, my internship was conducted at Snohomish County in the Department of Natural Resources – Surface Water Management (SWM). I was a Surface Water Ecology intern within the lakes team. Throughout the summer I worked in the field and office working to assess the health and quality of the counties water bodies. I was in the field for most of the week in lakes, streams, and estuary where we collected habitat, water quality and wildlife distribution data. The goal of my internship was to learn the skills used in a group professional environmental career. Throughout this report I will go over the experiences I had that helped achieve my academic goals internship
Montana Conservation Corps Intern
No full textDuring my internship with the Montana Conservation Corps (MCC) and the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness Foundation (ABWF), I was originally placed with the Gardiner Ranger District trail crew. However, due to Forest Service budget cuts, I had the opportunity to engage with a wide range of departments, including recreation, wildlife, botany, and silviculture. This cross-departmental exposure allowed me to fulfill key learning objectives such as gaining hands-on skills in trail maintenance, understanding federal conservation work, and developing ecological restoration competencies.
A significant portion of my internship involved trail maintenance within designated wilderness areas, where I became certified in crosscut saw use and practiced safe and effective techniques for felling and bucking trees. I also worked extensively with traditional tools like Pulaskis and axes, and learned to care for and utilize pack animals, such as horses and mules, in wilderness trail work.
In addition to trail work, I contributed to several Forest Service conservation projects. These included a goshawk nesting survey, an old-growth forest stand assessment, and a Canada lynx habitat analysis—each tied to a proposed timber sale and aligned with environmental review procedures under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). These projects provided insight into how federal land management balances ecological stewardship with resource-based decision-making.
Through this internship, I maintained 30 miles of trail, improved 10 public recreation sites, and assisted in protecting habitat for multiple sensitive species. I not only exceeded my learning objectives but also gained clarity on potential career paths within trail work, ecological research, and federal land management. This experience deepened my understanding of wilderness stewardship and strengthened my desire to pursue a career in natural resources
Reconstructing precipitation change in the North American continental interior during the early Paleogene using lipid biomarkers (Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado, USA)
No full textThe Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ~56 mya) was a period of rapid global warming that profoundly disrupted climate and hydrologic systems. While marine records for the PETM are well studied, changes within continental interiors, specifically the hydrologic response to rapid warming, remain less understood. This thesis reconstructs precipitation changes in the North American continental interior using compound-specific hydrogen isotope analyses of plant wax biomarkers (n-alkanes and n-alkanoic acids) from the Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado. A positive excursion in δDprecip of ~29‰ is observed at the onset of the potential Paleocene-Eocene boundary, followed by a return to baseline values by its termination. The magnitude of this shift cannot be fully explained by changes in temperature, vegetation, or source-water effects alone, and is best interpreted as a transition to more arid baseline conditions with episodes of extreme seasonal rainfall. These findings are consistent with independent sedimentological and paleosol proxies, and with a cross-basin comparison of the Bighorn Basin further north in the Rocky Mountain region. Furthermore, the observed excursion lends evidence to a change in moisture source of local precipitation, potentially showing the effect of hyperthermals on the hydrological cycle on larger scales. This work expands the geographic distribution of early Paleogene paleoclimate proxies, demonstrates the utility of novel bulk-sampling approaches for biomarker analysis in low-organic deposits, and underscores the complex, non-linear hydrologic responses to rapid warming. By refining our understanding of Paleocene-Eocene hydrology in continental interiors, these results also provide insights into potential hydrologic consequences of ongoing anthropogenic climate change