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Suicidal Ideation by Selected Mental Health Conditions and Demographic Variables among Workers in a Large Non-Profit Organization in the United States
Get PDFThis paper identifies rates of suicidal ideation by certain demographic variables and selected mental health conditions. Analyses utilize medical claims data for adult employees aged 18-64 years in a large corporation during 2017-2021. Rates are calculated and adjusted by age, sex, and marital status. Among employees, significantly higher rates of suicidal ideation are in ages 18-39 years, women, and singles. Significantly higher rates also occur in those experiencing one of several mental health conditions, after adjusting for demographic variables. Associations involving ADHD and OCD become insignificant after further adjustment for comorbid mental illness. The higher rate of suicidal ideation for women is not significant in ages 50-64 and significantly decreases for anxiety and depression with older age. Further, the associations involving age, adjustment disorders, and schizophrenia significantly depend on sex. Suicidal ideation rates are significantly lower in ages 50-64 for women, and the higher rates of suicidal ideation for employees with adjustment disorders or schizophrenia are significantly greater for men than women. Higher rates of suicidal ideation occur in younger age, women, and singles. Adjustment disorders, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia are associated with suicidal ideation after adjusting for demographic variables and comorbid mental health conditions. The strongest associations involve depression and schizophrenia
The Development of the Burgon Society Hoods
No full textThe [s2] was straightforward, but the [f7] had a more dramatic inception. Both are appropriate hoods for Fellows of the Burgon Society, as recounted in this Primary Source article
Erratum: Employability of Egyptian Agriculture University Graduates: Skills Gaps
Get PDFCorrection: The DOI of the article Ebner, P., Thompson, L., Ghimire, R., Dissanayake, D. G., Joshi, N., & Saleh, W. D. (2020). Employability of Egyptian Agriculture University Graduates: Skills Gaps. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education, 27(4), 128-143.” was incorrect as published. The correct DOI is: 10.5191//jiaee.2020.27412
Evaluation of Dietary Acidifiers in Low Acid-Binding Capacity-4 (ABC-4) Diets on Nursery Pig Performance and Fecal Dry Matter
Get PDFA total of 300 pigs (DNA 241 × 600, initially 13.2 lb) were used to evaluate dietary acidifiers in low acid-binding capacity-4 (ABC-4) diets on nursery pig performance and fecal dry matter (DM). At weaning, pigs were randomly allotted to one of six dietary treatments. There were five pigs per pen and 10 replications per treatment. Pigs were fed experimental diets in two phases with phase 1 fed from d 0 to 10 post-weaning followed by phase 2 from d 10 to 24. Four diets were formulated to an ABC-4 level of 200 and 250 meq/kg in phases 1 and 2, respectively, by utilizing four different dietary acidifiers. Dietary acidifiers included 0.36% fumaric acid (Primary Products Ingredients Americas LLC, Decatur, IL), 0.87% Activate DA (Novus, St. Charles, MO), 1.01% KEM-GEST (Kemin, Des Moines, IA), and 0.85% ACID-AID (Alltech, Nicholasville, KY). Diet 5 did not include any dietary acidifiers, which increased the ABC-4 level by 40 meq/kg in both phases. All diets contained 110 ppm of Zn provided by the trace mineral premix. Diet 6 was the same formulation as diet 5, but with the addition of 3,000 and 2,000 ppm of Zn from ZnO in phases 1 and 2, respectively. The addition of ZnO further increased the ABC-4 level of the diet by 87 and 54 meq/kg in phases 1 and 2, respectively. Following phase 2 experimental diets, all pigs were fed a common corn-soybean meal-based diet until the completion of the study on d 38 post-weaning. There were no differences (P \u3e 0.05) observed between pigs fed the four dietary acidifiers for the duration of the study. In phase 2 (d 10 to 24), the experimental period (d 0 to 24), and overall (d 0 to 38), pigs fed the low ABC-4 diets containing acidifiers had improved (P ≤ 0.020) F/G compared to pigs fed the higher ABC-4 diet (without acidifiers). In the experimental period (d 0 to 24), pigs fed diets containing ZnO tended to have improved (P = 0.052) F/G compared to pigs fed diets without added ZnO. In conclusion, utilizing dietary acidifiers to achieve a low ABC-4 level improved feed efficiency. The specific dietary acidifier utilized to target a low ABC-4 level did not affect the growth response in nursery pigs. However, most dietary acidifiers were included above their supplier-recommended inclusion rates to achieve the targeted low ABC-4 level and removing them only increased the ABC-4 by 40 meq/kg. Therefore, other aspects of diet formulation such as low ABC-4 specialty protein or lactose sources, low Ca levels, a combination of acidifiers, or other methods must be considered when targeting low ABC-4 levels
Effects of Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine:Crude Protein Ratio on Growth Performance of 25- to 55-lb Pigs
Get PDFA total of 4,167 pigs (initially 28.7 ± 0.59 lb) were used in a 21-d growth study to evaluate SID Lys:CP ratios for 25- to 55-lb pigs. Pigs were weaned at approximately 21 d of age and pens of pigs were randomly allotted to one of 10 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. Pens of pigs were blocked based on sow farm origin, date of entry into the facility, and average pen weight. A total of 160 pens were used with 80 double-sided, 5-hole stainless steel fence-line feeders, with feeder serving as the experimental unit. For each feeder, one pen contained approximately 26 gilts, and one pen contained approximately 26 barrows. There were eight replicates per dietary treatment. A pelleted phase 1 diet was fed to all pigs with 1.25 lb/pig budgeted, followed by a phase 2 diet fed in meal form until beginning of the experiment on d 21 post-weaning. Phase 3 experimental treatments were arranged in a 2 × 5 factorial with main effects of SID Lys (1.15 or 1.30%) and SID Lys:CP ratio (6.00, 6.22, 6.46, 6.72, and 7.00). From d 0 to 7 (period 1), there was a tendency for a SID Lys:CP × SID Lys interaction (quadratic, P = 0.077), where feed efficiency improved at 6.22 SID Lys:CP and worsened (quadratic, P = 0.001) as the ratio increased in diets formulated to 1.15% SID Lys, while feed efficiency worsened (linear, P = 0.010) as SID Lys:CP ratio increased in diets formulated to 1.30% SID Lys. As the SID Lys:CP ratio increased, ADG increased (quadratic, P = 0.043) up to 6.46 SID Lys:CP ratio, and then decreased as the ratio increased thereafter. As the SID Lys:CP ratio increased, ADFI increased (linear, P = 0.028). From d 7 to 14 (period 2), a SID Lys:CP × SID Lys interaction was observed (linear, P = 0.008) for F/G where increasing SID Lys:CP ratio worsened (linear, P \u3c 0.0001) F/G in diets formulated to 1.15% SID Lys while no response was observed in diets formulated to 1.30% SID Lys. Additionally, as the SID Lys:CP ratio increased, ADFI increased (linear, P = 0.013). From d 0 to 14 (periods 1 and 2), a SID Lys:CP × SID Lys interaction was observed (linear, P = 0.0002) where increasing SID Lys:CP ratio worsened feed efficiency in both SID Lys levels, but the magnitude was greater in diets formulated to 1.15% SID Lys (quadratic, P = 0.016) compared to 1.30% SID Lys (linear, P = 0.0004). Increasing SID Lys:CP ratio increased (linear, P = 0.004) ADFI. From d 14 to 21 (period 3), as the SID Lys:CP ratio increased, feed efficiency worsened (linear, P = 0.004). From d 0 to 21 (overall), a SID Lys:CP × SID Lys interaction was observed (linear, P = 0.012) where increasing the SID Lys:CP ratio reduced (P \u3c 0.0001) feed efficiency at both SID Lys levels, but the magnitude was greater in diets formulated to 1.15% SID Lys compared to 1.30% SID Lys. Additionally, ADFI increased (P = 0.013) as the SID Lys:CP ratio increased. Increasing SID Lys increased (P \u3c 0.001) ADG in phases 1, 2, and overall, but not from d 14 to 21. In conclusion, increasing SID Lys:CP ratio worsened feed efficiency, especially when the ratio increased beyond 6.46. Data suggests that diets for 25- to 55-lb pigs should be formulated to a SID Lys:CP ratio of 6.46 or lower to maintain feed efficiency
Effects of Reducing Dietary Net Energy on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Grow-Finish Pigs
Get PDFThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary net energy (NE) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and removal and mortality rates of grow-finish pigs and compare different net energy (NE) systems by using caloric efficiency. A total of 1,927 pigs (initially 51.5 ± 0.52 lb) were used in a 125-d study. Pens of pigs were blocked by BW and randomly allotted to one of five dietary treatments of decreasing NE. There were 23 to 26 pigs per pen and 15 replications per treatment in a randomized complete block design. The highest NE diet (control) was a corn-soybean mealbased diet. Based on NRC (2012) ingredient NE values, the lowest energy diet contained 8% less NE than the control through inclusion of 25% wheat middlings and 15% DDGS (6% oil). These diets were blended to achieve intermediate NE levels (2, 4, and 6% less NE than the control). Dietary phases were fed from approximately 50 to 90, 90 to 130, 130 to 180, 180 to 230, and 230 to 300 lb, respectively. Overall, reducing NE decreased (linear, P \u3c 0.001) ADG and final BW, but increased (linear, P \u3c 0.001) ADFI, resulting in poorer (linear, P \u3c 0.001) feed efficiency. Reducing NE worsened (linear, P \u3c 0.001) caloric efficiency (CE) based on NRC ingredient loading values, improved (linear, P ≤ 0.003) CE based on INRA (2008) or Brazilian Tables for Poultry and Swine (2017) ingredient loading values. However, when formulating diets using CVB (2020) ingredient loading values, reducing NE resulted in no evidence of difference (P \u3e 0.10) in CE. For carcass characteristics, reducing NE decreased (linear, P \u3c 0.001) HCW, backfat depth, and carcass yield. However, reducing NE increased (linear, P \u3c 0.001) percentage lean. Moreover, reducing NE tended to increase (linear, P = 0.073) percent removals, with no evidence of difference (P \u3e 0.10) on percent mortality. When considering CE on a carcass gain basis, reducing NE worsened (linear, P ≤ 0.004) CE based on NRC or CVB ingredient loading values, while reducing NE improved (linear, P \u3c 0.001) CE based on INRA ingredient loading values. However, reducing NE resulted in no evidence of difference (P \u3e 0.010) in CE based on Brazilian Tables ingredient loading values. These results would suggest that the NRC database overestimates NE contributions of fibrous ingredients such as wheat middlings and corn DDGS, while the INRA database underestimates their contributions to NE, whether CE is calculated based on live or carcass gain. Meanwhile, NE values in the CVB database appear to value NE more accurately in these diets based on live gain but underestimate their value on a carcass basis. The Brazilian tables appear to underestimate the contributions of fibrous ingredients to dietary NE on a live basis, but more accurately value their contributions on a carcass basis. Thus, this study reinforces establishing and utilizing accurate energy values of ingredients to economically value them appropriately
Desirable Family Financial Behaviors: An Examination of the Role of Family Structure in the United States
Get PDFThis study contributes to research on family financial behaviors in the United States by examining the association between various family structures and desirable financial behaviors among American families. Utilizing data from the 2016 National Financial Well-Being Survey, this study examines how family structures, measured by marital status and the presence of financially dependent children, are associated with desirable financial behaviors, including day-to-day cash and credit management activities, the propensity to create and follow a financial plan, and the saving habits of American families. Empirical analyses revealed that family structure was significantly associated with family financial behaviors. Additionally, financial skills and both objective and subjective financial knowledge were significant factors. This paper provides a discussion of the key findings and their potential implications for financial therapists, financial planners, policymakers, and researchers interested in examining factors associated with enhancing beneficial family financial practices and bolstering family financial preparedness in the United States
How Alphabet Knowledge Impacts Reading Development
Get PDFIn this article, the relationship between alphabet knowledge and reading development will be explored. Key topics will include how alphabet knowledge is not only a predictor for future reading success, but also how letters and their sounds serve as a bridge from a pre-alphabetic phase into a partial alphabetic phase, and beyond. Since each phase is characterized by students’ understanding of the alphabet system, which is central to word reading skill, movement within the phases helps support reading proficiency. Knowledge of these phases can support pre-service teachers and school leaders with instruction, assessment, differentiation, and intervention. Other instructional considerations will also be examined
Libraries Expands Into E-reserves
Get PDFA new program at K-State Libraries allows instructors to place digitized course materials online for students to access