Pacific McGeorge School of Law
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Empowering State-Level Multilingual Education Leaders: Harnessing Generative Artificial Intelligence for Program Administration
No full textThis study aimed to understand how generative artificial intelligence could empower program staff at the California Department of Education (CDE) who support state-level multilingual programs by providing training and opportunities to review existing practices and identify promising use cases. With limited fiscal and personnel resources, state program staff had to rethink and intentionally consider how to enhance their own capacity to keep program momentum and support practitioners in the growth area of multilingual education.
With empowerment theory as the theoretical framework, this qualitative, participatory action research study involved 11 members of the Multilingual Support Division at the CDE. These co-researchers received state-approved training and joined a community of practice to explore the use of generative AI. Over the course of a month, they engaged in a sprint and conducted action research cycles of planning, action and observation, and reflection to determine whether their hypothesized use cases aided in their assignments. Data collection methods included three surveys during the study and a follow-up survey three months later. Additionally, recordings and transcripts from the community of practice meetings, as well as a researcher\u27s journal, were used in data analysis, providing rich additional context for co-researchers\u27 experiences. The method for data analysis was Braun and Clarke’s (2020) reflexive thematic analysis. Their data analysis framework emphasizes the researcher\u27s perspective as a crucial element in the process. To address the research question, the analysis focused on themes of empowerment (both psychological and structural), the utility of generative AI in the public sector, and whether contextual integration (conceptually) could be effective for this purpose.
The findings showed almost all co-researchers felt more empowered in their work after participating in the study and with generative AI. Other findings included evidence of psychological (individual) and structural (organizational) empowerment, as well as barriers to empowerment and the implementation of generative AI. The data revealed how co-researchers’ attitudes, confidence, and use of generative AI evolved, and how their exploration yielded insights into use cases that supported state-level multilingual program administration, such as research, content generation, document evaluation, communication enhancement, and process improvement. Evidence of structural empowerment included data supporting participatory decision-making, knowledge sharing, and collective learning. Data on obstacles to empowerment and the adoption of generative AI were also identified, including technical and platform constraints, as well as individual preparedness factors.
Practice changed as a result of the inquiry, and co-researchers shared their experiences internally and externally, further maximizing the potential impact. The findings of the study also exemplify public entrepreneurship. Recommendations comprised expanding access to generative AI, encouraging others within the department to undertake the same process, and conducting additional research with other state-level multilingual education agencies. Further research in this area may include studies within other state-level agencies and more advanced generative AI use cases
I Signed Up to Serve for a YEAR?! Using Path-Goal Theory to Support Civic Engagement and Success
No full textSince 2022, thousands of full-time California college students apply to serve 450 hours in their college communities each spring. When the fall semester starts there is a collective What did I get myself into? feeling in the air and folks start dropping out, overwhelmed by commitment and expectations, sacrificing up to $10,000 of aid in the process.
Learn how one campus has utilized path-goal theory to create a system of peer support, milestone and community celebrations, and clear directives to promote a growing 94% retention rate and increased self-confidence in compassion, leadership skills, and active citizenship
Removing Barriers in Graduate Health Education for Students with Disabilities
No full textAbstract
Students with disabilities continue to face barriers in graduate health education academic programs. As the number of enrolled students with disabilities increases, it is imperative that solutions are identified that remove these barriers to create inclusive and accessible learning opportunities. This study presents a narrative review of literature that examines current research on the topic of graduate health education and disability. Results identified four relevant themes for reducing barriers and improving inclusive access for students with disabilities. The themes include the need for modifying technical standards, faculty training, reasonable accommodations, and Universal Design of Learning (UDL). The findings are relevant for faculty, disability services staff, and program leaders in professional medical and health education programs. Results provide strategies for increasing access for students with disabilities by creating inclusive and accessible learning opportunities
Behavioral Personal Protective Equipment and Staff Safety: A Pilot Study Evaluating Its Impact Among Speech-Language Pathologists
No full textThis retrospective, exploratory pilot study investigated the preliminary effects of a behavioral safety readiness protocol on speech-language pathologist (SLP) physical safety during outpatient care delivered at neurodevelopmental clinics within a single medical center. During the intervention phase, SLPs voluntarily wore Kevlar sleeves during all patient care interactions, tied long hair back, and maintained accessibility of nitrile gloves for use during behavioral escalations. The behavioral safety readiness protocol was reinforced by the safety slogan, “Sleeves On, Hair Back, Gloves in Pocket.” Safety event data from May – June 2023 and 2024 (pre-intervention periods) were compared with data from May – June 2025 (intervention period). Due to a limited number of qualifying incidents across all time periods (n = 4), the pilot study relied on descriptive rather than inferential analysis. Results revealed a minor increase in documented events incidents during the intervention period which included one Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recordable event. Although the evidence was insufficient to confirm the effectiveness of the intervention, the findings underscore the necessity for ongoing assessment of behavioral safety readiness protocols that include behavior personal protective equipment (BPPE), to explore their feasibility and potential contributions to SLP physical safety in outpatient care environments
What’s My Research: Proposal Development Basics
No full textIn a special edition of the What’s My Research series, on February 26, 2026, from 12-1pm, we will be holding a session covering the basics regarding what a proposal package contains, and some tips for preparing proposals for federal, state, and local governmental agencies. If you are interested in submitting a grant to federal, state, or local governmental agencies, but have limited or no experience with writing and preparing proposal packages, this is the session for you!
Session will be held via Zoom
Determining the fidelity of multiple casts made from a single polyvinylsiloxane impression
No full textABSTRACT
Statement of problem: Indirect restorations may not fit the patient’s teeth, or they may require excessive adjustment. If multiple casts from the same impression are equivalent, dentists can use new pristine casts to determine if fit problems have a laboratory or clinical cause. If the problem is from the laboratory, it may be correctable on a pristine cast.
Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study is to determine if the areas critical for indirect restoration fit are equivalent on 6 casts made over 29 days from a single polyvinylsiloxane impression.
Material and Methods: Eight impressions were made of a reinforced plaster reference cast with a fixed partial denture preparation from teeth #3-#5. Forty-eight casts were fabricated from these impressions at 1 hour, 3 hours, 22 hours, 8 days, 15 days, and 29 days. Half of the casts were made with low-expansion mounting stone, the other half were made with high-expansion type 5 stone. All casts were scanned to create STL files. Geomagic Control X was used to compare critical areas of the experimental cast STL files to the reference cast STL file by making two 2-dimensional slices facial-lingually through crown preparations #3 and #5, followed by 2 more 2-dimensional slices mesial-distally through interproximal contact points and crown preparations. Comparison points on these 2-dimensional slices were made on mesial, distal, facial, and lingual preparation walls and margins, on occlusal surfaces, and on interproximal contact areas of teeth #2 and #6. These planes and comparison points were precisely transferable across multiple substitutions of different experimental cast STL files. Therefore, precise point deviations from the reference cast were made across multiple experimental casts. Control data were obtained by comparing the original reference cast STL file to a second reference cast STL file made after the reference cast was repositioned on the scan table to test scanner accuracy, by comparing an experimental cast to the reference cast both early and late in the comparison sequence to test Geomagic algorithm consistency, and by comparing a new reference cast STL file to the original reference cast STL file to test reference cast deterioration. Data were analyzed with Tukey HSD and Games-Howell post hoc tests. A power analysis on trial data showed that 8 impressions would be enough for significant results.
Results: There were no statistical differences among all 48 casts when using comparison points p \u3e 0.6. The 48 experimental casts’ comparison points average deviation from the reference cast was -9.9 microns for negative numbers with a standard deviation of 7.7, and 11.7 microns for positive numbers with a standard deviation of 9.3. The highest point deviation was 46 microns. Control data showed that only the limits of scanner accuracy produced data uncertainty in this experiment, and that it was +/- 13 microns.
Conclusions: When points on casts critical for indirect restoration fit are measured, 6 casts made from a single polyvinylsiloxane impression over 29 days with either type-5 stone or mounting stone are equivalent.
Clinical Implications: Restorative dentists can use extra casts to determine if indirect restoration fit problems have a laboratory or clinical source. Laboratory problems may be correctable on these casts