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Conservation and curation: theoretical and practical issues in the making of a national collection of British music videos 1966–2016
Get PDFThis article identifies and examines the research methods involved in curating a national collection of British music videos for the British Film Institute and British Library in relation to existing scholarship about the role of the curator, the function of canons in the humanities, and the concept of a hierarchy of screen arts. It outlines the process by which a theoretical definition of “landmarks” guided the selection of works alongside a commitment to include a regionally and socially diverse selection of videos to reflect the variations in film style of different music genres. The article also assesses the existing condition of British music video archives: rushes, masters, as well as documents and digital files, and the issues presenting academics and students wishing to study them. It identifies the fact that music video exists in the gaps between two disciplines and industries (popular music studies / the music industry and film and television studies / the screen industries) as an additional challenge to curators of the cultural form, alongside complex matters of licensing and formats
A hybrid model-based method for leak detection in large scale water distribution networks
Get PDFDuring the past decades, the problem of finding leaks in Water Distribution Networks (WDN) has been controversy. The quicker detection of leaks prevents water loss and helps avoiding their economic and environmental consequences. On the other hand, increasing the speed of leak detection increases the false leak detection that imposes high costs. In this paper, we propose a real-time hybrid method using AI algorithms and hydraulic relations for detecting and locating leaks and identifying the volume of losses material. The proposed method relies on simple and cost-effective flow sensors installed on each junction in the pipeline network. We demonstrate how influential features for leak detection would be generated by using hydraulic equations like Hazen-Williams, Darcy-Weisbach and pressure drop. Through exploiting Decision Tree, KNN, random forest, and Bayesian network we build predictive models and based on the pipeline topology, we locate leaks and their pressure. Comparing the results of applying the proposed method on various leak scenarios shows that the proposed method in this paper, outperforms other existing methods
Exploring the language ideology of nativeness in narrative accounts of English second language users in Montreal
Get PDFThe current study qualitatively examines 23 interviews with English second language users focusing on their lived experiences of communicating in the context of multicultural and multilingual interactions in Montreal. The interpretative phenomenological analysis of data reveals two superordinate themes: the idealised native speaker of English, and ambivalent attitudes towards linguistic diversity which uncover the contested and shifting nature of language ideologies. The themes offer a narrative of the ideology of nativeness, intersecting with current studies in multilingual practices in globalised contexts. The authors suggest that the model of idealised native speech creates unrealistic expectations in English second language users regarding their own linguistic performance and their self-image as users of English. The study proposes the adoption of Lx speaker (Dewaele, 2018) in order to challenge the monolingual bias inherent in the native and non-native speaker dichotomy
Developing a model of best practice for teams managing crisis in people with dementia: a consensus approach
Get PDFBackground
Teams delivering crisis resolution services for people with dementia and their carers provide short-term interventions to prevent admission to acute care settings. There is great variation in these services across the UK. This article reports on a consensus process undertaken to devise a Best Practice Model and evaluation Tool for use with teams managing crisis in dementia.
Methods
The Best Practice Model and Tool were developed over a three stage process: (i) Evidence gathering and generation of candidate standards (systematic review and scoping survey, interviews and focus groups); (ii) Prioritisation and selection of standards (consultation groups, a consensus conference and modified Delphi process); (iii) Refining and operationalising standards (consultation group and field-testing).
Results
One hundred sixty-five candidate standards arose from the evidence gathering stage; were refined and reduced to 90 through a consultation group exercise; and then reduced to 50 during the consensus conference and weighted using a modified Delphi process. Standards were then operationalised through a clinical consultation group and field-tested with 11 crisis teams and 5 non-crisis teams. Scores ranged from 48 to 92/100. The median score for the crisis teams was 74.5 (range 67–92), and the median score for non-crisis teams was 60 (range 48–72).
Conclusions
With further psychometric testing, this Best Practice Model and Tool will be ideal for the planning, improvement and national benchmarking of teams managing dementia crises in the future
Antimicrobial prescribing practice
No full textChapter 5 addresses the 4th domain of the antimicrobial stewardship framework, which is antimicrobial prescribing practice with 10 competency descriptors: (1) recognizing and managing sepsis; (2) describing why it is important to use local guidelines to initiate prompt, effective; antimicrobial treatment in patients with life-threatening infections; (3) describing why it is important to switch from intravenous antimicrobials to oral therapy; (4) describing how to switch from IV antimicrobials to oral therapy; (5) the appropriateness of antimicrobial administration models such as outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy; (6) the use of perioperative prophylactic antimicrobials to prevent surgical site infection; (7) factors that can influence antimicrobial prescribing and the implications for antimicrobial stewardship programmes; (8) national guidance on completion of a course of antimicrobials; (9) how to identify the medicines with which antimicrobials can interact and why this is important; and (10) the difference between empiric, targeted and prophylactic antimicrobial therapy
Nutrition screening tools for risk of malnutrition among hospitalized patients
Get PDFBackground:
Malnutrition is a clinical problem with a high prevalence in hospitalized adult patients. Many nutritional screening tools have been developed but there is no consensus on which 1 is more useful. The purpose of this review protocol is to provide an overview of which nutritional screening tool is most valid to identify malnutritional risk in hospitalized adult patients and to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of the different tools.
Methods:
The protocol of this systematic review and meta-analysis was registered on the INPLASY website (https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2020-9-0028/) and INPLASY registration number is INPLASY202090028. We will perform a systematic literature search of main databases: PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science and the Cochrane database. Also, grey literature will be search. Peer-reviewed studies published in English, Portuguese or Spanish language will be selected. Screening of titles, abstract and full text will be assessed for eligibility by 2 independent blinded reviewers and any discrepancies will be resolved via consensus. After screening the studies, a meta-analysis will be conducted, if it is possible.
Results:
Results from this systematic review will help health professionals to identify malnutrition in hospitalized patients and to make decisions to prevent or treat it as well as provide new clues to researchers.
Conclusion:
Our systematic review will provide aknowledge about the most valid malnutrition risk screening tool in hospitalized adult patients
Methodological guidance for the conduct of mixed methods systematic reviews
Get PDFIntroduction: Mixed methods systematic reviews (MMSR) provide a more complete basis for complex decision-making than that currently offered by single method reviews, thereby maximizing their usefulness to clinical and policy decision-makers. Although MMSR are gaining traction, guidance regarding the methodology of combining quantitative and qualitative data is limited. In 2014, the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Mixed Methods Review Methodology Group developed guidance for MMSR, however, since the introduction of this guidance, there have been significant developments in mixed methods synthesis. As such, the methodology group recognized the need to revise the guidance to align it with the current state of knowledge on evidence synthesis methodology
Objective: To outline the updated methodological approach for conducting a JBI MMSR with a focus on data synthesis, specifically, methods related to how data is combined and the overall integration of the quantitative and qualitative evidence. Methods: Between 2015 and 2019 the JBI Mixed Methods Review Methodology Group undertook an extensive review of the literature, held annual face-to-face meetings (which were supplemented by teleconferences and regular email correspondence), sought advice from experts in the field and presented at scientific conferences. This process led to the development of guidance in the form of a Chapter included in the JBI Reviewer’s Manual, the official guidance for conducting JBI systematic reviews. In 2019, the guidance was ratified by the JBI International Scientific Committee.
Results: The updated JBI methodological guidance for conducting a MMSR recommends reviewers take a convergent approach to synthesis and integration whereby the specific method utilized is dependent on the nature/type of question(s) that is (are) posed in the systematic review. The JBI guidance is primarily based on Hong et al and Sandelowski’s typology on MMSR. If the review question can be addressed by both quantitative and qualitative research designs, the convergent integrated approach should be followed which involves data transformation and allows reviewers to combine quantitative and qualitative data. If the focus of the review is on different aspects or dimensions of a particular phenomenon of interest, the convergent segregated approach is undertaken which involves independent synthesis of quantitative data and qualitative data leading to the generation of quantitative evidence and qualitative evidence which are then integrated together.
Conclusions: The updated guidance on JBI MMSR provides foundational work to a rapidly evolving methodology and aligns with other seminal work undertaken in the field of mixed methods synthesis. Limitations to the current guidance are acknowledged and a series of methodological projects identified by the JBI Mixed Methodology Group to further refine the methodology are proposed. Mixed methods review offers an innovative framework for generating unique insights related to the complexities associated with healthcare quality and safety
James MacMillan studies
No full textThe Scottish composer Sir James MacMillan is one of the major figures of contemporary music, with a world-wide reputation for his modernist engagement with religious images and stories. Beginning with a substantial foreword from the composer himself, this collection of scholarly essays offers analytical, musicological, and theological perspectives on a selection of MacMillan's musical works. The volume includes a study of embodiment in MacMillan's music; a theological study of his St Luke Passion; an examination of the importance of lament in a selection of his works; a chapter on the centrality of musical borrowing to MacMillan's practice; a discussion of his liturgical music; and detailed analyses of other works including The World's Ransoming and the seminal Seven Last Words from the Cross. The chapters provide fresh insights on MacMillan's musical world, his compositional practice, and his relationship to modernity
Audition songs for women
No full textIn this volume of the Good Audition Guides, you'll find a wide range of fantastic audition songs for women, each accompanied by a thorough introduction including the vital information you need to perform the song to its maximum effect