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Zbigniew Herbert – the Artist as a Creator (Composer) and a Source. The Creator’s Way to the Source and the Source Itself in the Poem "The path"
No full textWhat is the source for a poet and what would be the meanings hidden? Who is the creator in the works by Zbigniew Herbert, but especially in his poetry, and how to determine the creativity of his perception? In what way does he conceive the main features of philosophy and poetry?
In the essay, the author reflects on these questions. He remarks that Herbert’s esthetic considerations and poems hide a certain vision of philosophy and poetry, which can be characterized by sourcefulness. Therefore, in order to better recognize this vision, he sketches a point of view, which he further calls sourceful. This point of view conveys an essential aspect of creator’s ability to undergo a certain change. The latter can be deemed a creative change as it primarily seems to constitute the central experience which in turn makes it possible for new values to come into being. However, how can we understand the aforementioned creative change? The essay consists of three parts. In the first part, the author’s question about the creator (composer) and the source leads towards the question about a task of philosophy and poetry, as well as to the question about the self-portrait of Herbert as the creator (composer). Several features of the creator (composer) can be easily found in his poetry; however, the most fundamental feature is undoubtedly his capability for creative change.
In the second part, the author ponders over the philosophical character of Herbert’s poetry. He considers what philosophizing may be in poetry, as a “philosophical experience” and “primary reflection.” Moreover, he interprets the moniker ‘Mr Cogito,’ in which he discovers the self-portrait of the poet as the creator (composer), that is, one capable of creative change. In the third part, the author examines one of Herbert’ poems, The path, as a reflection over the creative way of the poet himself. This context brings forth the dilemma from the poem – namely whether to follow the path to the source or to the hill. Thus, the ultimate question of the poem relates to seeking the way out and finding something like a third way, as a new creative possibility. The dilemma of the source and the hill seems to demonstrate the dramatic dimension of the creative way and the main features of creative change, and the fear of it as well. For the experience of the creative change makes one vulnerable to the inevitability of suffering. In the conclusion the author states that the creative change takes place on the way to the source. The source appears to be the medium and the symbol of the change. The source is a vastly comprehensive symbol of the poetic creativity, encompassing: the longing, the quest, the aim, and the creative process. In a broad sense, the source may be the symbol of the creative change itself as the formation of both the creator himself and his work in the creative process
Z dziejów kultu św. Antoniego z Padwy w Bydgoszczy przedrozbiorowej
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Doświadczanie zdarzeń krytycznych. Narracje biograficzne dorosłych dzieci alkoholików
Get PDFRozważania koncentrują się wokół życia Dorosłych Dzieci Alkoholików. Celem badań było poznanie, wyjaśnienie oraz interpretowanie istoty, przebiegu oraz skutków zdarzeń krytycznych w życiu DDA. Przedstawione w pracy badania empiryczne obejmują dwa etapy. Badaniom poddano tę samą grupę badawczą dorosłych dzieci alkoholików
Subjective perception of the life-course in old age and in youth
Get PDFThe aim of the article is to present the results of the perceived age norms of the lifecourse. Several such studies were described in literature. The research project of Perrig-Chiello and Perren (2005) inspired the author to replicate some of the used measures in a different cultural context. Polish women from early and late adulthood were interviewed on timing biographical transitions and well-being.
Tested hypothesis claimed that timing is related to age. The second hypothesis assumed connection between well-being and age. The comparison of the results of senior women and young women proved different timing of 11 biographical transitions. However their subjective perception and evaluation of life-course was comparable. There were only 5 significant differences in emotional valence of transitions: end of school education, being single, birth of second child, grandparenthood, and retirement given by senior and young women. The achieved results proved the moderately positive life satisfaction both of senior women and young women.Projekt Operacyjny Polska Cyfrowa POPC.02.03.01-00-0039/1
Miejsce i rola RFN w euroatlantyckim systemie bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego w multipolarnym ładzie międzynarodowym
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Morphological differentiation of Polygonum viviparum (Polygonaceae) in European populations
Get PDFThe variation of Polygonum viviparum L. in Europe was studied in 584 plants sampled from 14 populations at different altitudes and from different substrates in the Carpathians, Alps, Dinaric Alps, Pyrenees and Scandinavian Mts. The samples were analyzed biometrically, using 12 measured stem and inflorescence characters and 10 characters calculated from those 12. The obtained ranges of values were only slightly wider than those given in the literature. All characters significantly differed between populations and six characters were statistically significant in identifying differences between regions. Altitude, substrate and the interactions between them significantly affected the differences in characters between samples. The values of most of the measured characters were lower in samples from higher locations and on poor substrate than in those from lower localities and on rich substrate. Substrate type affected the calculated characters less but it influenced the shift between vegetative and generative reproduction. Multidimensional analyses confirmed the proximity of samples from regions either geographically close or linked via routes of postglacial migrations, despite altitude and substrate differences between them
Young Residents of Bydgoszcz and Their Awareness of the Local Dialect
No full textProjekt Operacyjny Polska Cyfrowa POPC.02.03.01-00-0039/1
Ryt wieszczenia z Pisma Świętego w czasie inauguracji rządów biskupich na przykładzie introitu biskupa Geralda z Limoges
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YOUNG ADULTS CONTEMPORARY PIUURE Of AN OLD PERSON
No full textThe aim of this article is to present the results of the authors research which apply to a picture of an older person in a group of contemporary young adults. The sample of young adults consisted of 90 people (equal amount of men and women). The picture of an elder was settled on scores received in Sentence-Completion Test by P. Golde i N. Kogan. The results show, that the picture of a senior (in the sample of young adults) is generally positive and more positive in women than in men. Also the positive vs negative character of the picture depends on a dimension which is included (eg. the elder as a person, their life-style, their economic level of life). Also the essence which consists a picture of an older person is specific for this particular age group. In majority it covers the traits underlined by literature like typical for seniors, but there are also some new elements. The picture of an older person in both essence and evaluative aspects also changes if it applies to a group of seniors or the people who we personally know.Artykuł prezentuje rezultaty badań własnych, dotyczących obrazu człowieka starszego u współczesnych młodych dorosłych. W badaniach udział wzięło 90 osób, będących w okresie wczesnej dorosłości, w tym 45 kobiet i 45 mężczyzn. Obraz człowieka starszego został określony na podstawie wyników Testu zdań niedokończonych P. Golde i N. Kogana. Rezultaty badań wskazują, iż generalnie obraz ten jest wśród młodych dorosłych pozytywny, przy czym: bardziej pozytywny jest u kobiet niż u mężczyzn, pozytywny vs negatywny charakter obrazu ludzi starszych zależy od branego pod uwagę jego aspektu (np. człowiek starszy jako osoba, styl życia ludzi starszych, sytuacja życiowa seniorów). Ponadto treści, składające się na obraz człowieka starszego są specyficzne dla obrazu tej właśnie grupy wiekowej. W większości pokrywają się one z cechami, wskazywanymi w literaturze jako zwyczajowo przypisywane osobom starszym, pojawiają się jednak również elementy odmienne, nowe. Obraz człowieka starszego – zarówno w aspekcie ewaluatywnym, jak i treściowym – zależy również od tego, czy odnosi się do całej grupy seniorów, czy do osób starszych znanych osobiście
Motywacja osiągnięć studentów w karierze - motywy planowania i rozpoczęcia kariery zawodowej
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