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The three aspects of motivation for better command of language learning: A comparative study
Get PDFThis study involves the three aspects of motivation for language learning of the university students as follows; psychological, situational, and pedagogical. The qualitative and comparative approaches were utilized through using secondary data in order to clarify the study overall.
The results demonstrated that the three dimensions of motivation are essential for both motivating the language students and making them reach the fruitful outcome during the learning process of language. Especially, pedagogical aspect was considered as important factor for better command of language. Because, language is functional that is tied up with the university students’ careers.
In the present study, the limitation was that just secondary data and personal experiences were used. But the researcher did not make any questionnaires and interviews. For further study, the questionnaires and interviews are likely useful for more reliable results in any possible study.
This study revealed that university students who learn different languages are more motivated, if the lecturer knows the correct pedagogy for language learners at the university. Actually, the university students are influenced directly and/or indirectly of the pedagogical approaches of the lecturers in language learning process. As a result, lecturers need to know how to use right pedagogy in language teaching with the help of knowing students’ expectation from the particular language, for it motivates the students for better command of the language
Causes of Reading Comprehension Deiciency in the Foreign Language, Case Study Albania
Get PDFWhen dealing with the issues of foreign language learning one certainly may think about the
most important components of a Language, such as Reading, Writing, Grammar, and Speaking.
The focus of this study is Reading Comprehension, as one of the most important part of
language learning and when we come to the results and achievements it turns out to be one
of the most dificult process where students do not succeed in getting high points.
Referring to Albanian Matura State Exams results in English Language, students’ achievement
was not satisfactory, mainly on Reading Comprehension part. In such a situation the main
question asked by everyone is why students have these unsatisfactory results.
Actually there are a lot of causes that brings out low achievements on students’ reading
comprehension, some of the most important ones are: class size, community characteristics,
out of school activities, reading material, strategy of instruction, teacher, motivation, interest
commitment to the task etc.
But are these causes true in an Albanian context? For this we conducted a study with the help
of the questionnaires. Thus it was mainly used a quantitative methodology with questionnaires
spread on three different Albanian high schools and completed by 200 hundred students.
Based on the results of the study some of the most relevant causes that lead to Reading
Comprehension deiciency are: motivation, strategy of reading and questioning. Students are
not fully motivated; they have not enough interests and motivation to read a text in foreign language.
Besides this in Albanian classrooms there is not a proper strategy to teach Reading Comprehension
Transformational Leadership, Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction: An Overview of Secondary Banking System in Tirana
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to analyze the relation between transformational leadership, emotional intelligence and job satisfaction within banking system. Research is subjected to some employees of secondary banking sector in Tirana, who work in different levels of the organization. The aim of the research is to understand the relationship between transformational leadership, emotional intelligence and job satisfaction and to examine whether emotional intelligence affects transformational leadership of leaders and job satisfaction and whether transformational leadership style affects job satisfaction of employees. Are they positively or negatively related to each other or have no significant effect.
This research will help to understand more about these factors, the effect they have on each other and if the secondary banking sector is now using the old traditional leadership or the new leadership, transformational leadership. Sample of this survey were selected 183 employees in 11 banks out of 16 that operate in the Albanian market. Research is conducted in Tirana region, due to the fact that this is a country that has a huge number of banks operating in it. By rising hypothesis for this research, are tested correlations that exist through the three variables. Quantitative methodology is used in order for the research to be more effective and SPSS statistical analysis is conducted for data analysis.
Based on the results of this paper, was concluded that : transformational leadership style and emotional intelligence are significantly positive related to each other; emotional intelligence is significantly positive related to job satisfaction; and transformational leadership style of leaders is significant positive related to the job satisfaction of employees. Conclusion and recommendations for this research are based on the results of this empirical and theoretical analysis and tend to have a contribution in the increase of the secondary banking sector effectiveness.Epoka Universit
Social Consequences of Unemployment in Albania
Get PDFThis study examines the situation of unemployment in Albania as an issue of political character that for sure comprises the entire society through its consequences. It discovered that unemployment is a phenomenon existing for many years in Albania and that the reforms undertaken until now by different governments have not produced settlement of the crisis yet. The thesis talks briefly about some of the reasons behind this issue, as people’s mentality because of the prejudices brought by the past, education process that has been neglected by the society because of the lack of opportunities etc. The study finds that most part of the responsibility belongs to the influence of the governmental policies that have caused the deterioration of the standard of living in the country, and the massive migration of the 21st century in search for a better life.Epoka Universit
Islamic Banking and Finance
Get PDFThe purpose of this master thesis is an attempt to elaborate Islamic banks, to examine whether
these principles of operating in the market can be practical and furthermore, can it provide
alternative methods of dealing with financial problems.
An Islamic banking system is based on the principles of Islamic law (also known Shariah). Two
main basic principles behind Islamic banking are the sharing of profit and loss and, significantly,
the prohibition of the collection and payment of interest.
In Albanian application, from our research & survey that we had with the customer (clients) of
UBA we concluded that Islamic banks are not only used from the Muslim but also from the
others. Bank offer the same product as the others. According to the questionnaire, the reason
that attracts more the customer to use it is Low risk, new product, confidence problem and
diversification.Epoka Universit
Waste Management in Albania: Cërrik and Lezha Cases
Get PDFWaste management in Albania has become an important issue after the collapse of communist regime in 1991. Since then, there has been movement of the population toward the cities. Due to the rapid growth of the population in these areas, this growth has brought the need for developing Waste Management (WM).
Another driver for the development of WM is European Union (EU) integration, in this context, Albania has to adopt the EU legislation in order to be part of the EU, so they have adopted the Waste Framework Directive (WFD) of 2008 and approved the Law No. 10463, dated 22.9. 2011 “On Integrated Waste Management” and National Waste Management Plan (NPWM). WM has become part of the political agenda of the last two governments and there is realistic support for the development of this issue. But there are many challenges regarding development; one is the unsuccessful implementation of the Law, as well as public awareness is very poor and requires promotional campaigns for WM.
Since 1994 the responsibility for waste has been for Local Governments (LG), but it must be mentioned that the LGs are dependent on the budget of the Central Government (CG) which are very limited.
There is also a difference between municipalities regarding the development of WM; some of them have handed over WM to the private sector, such as Lezhawhere one can seea very good example that has taken many steps forward; and, Cërrik, where WM is done by the LG, that has made only few steps toward WM development,.
The progress in WM has come as result of shifting toward the private sector, where the municipality has become the coordinator.
Thesis purpose is to provide description of the current situation of WM in Albania. What steps has been taken to develop WM. Why and how has the Albanian Law adopted EU directives and is so difficult to be implemented. Lastly, the cases of Cërrik and Lezha demonstrate better the situation of WM and which case to be applied by all the municipalities in the country.Epoka Universit
Politika të Sigurisë dhe Specifikat e Policimit në Komunitet në Shqipëri pas Rënies së Regjimit Enverist
Get PDFPas një periudhe të trazuar që mbulon më shumë se tre dekada, besoj se duhet të ketë një fokusim më të madh rreth fushes se sigurise urbane/sociale e cila ka qenë preh e zhvillimeve të larmishme politike dhe sociale që nuk bëjnë gjë tjetër vecse e dobësojnë perceptimin ndaj saj.
Në fushën e sigurisë urbane/sociale janë ndërmarrë nisma të shumta të cilat deri tani kanë sjellë përmirësime të rezultateve, por që nuk e kanë shënjestruar nëqendër objektivin. Jam i bindur që duhet të ketë një zgjidhje më të thjeshtë, por që gjithsesi kërkon një impenjim të konsiderueshëm si në nivel lokal ashtu edhe në nivel qendror, por ajo që unë mendoj se është më e rëndësishme ka të bëjë me një ndërgjegjësim të vetë qytetarëve në lidhje me prodhimin e sigurisë urbane/sociale nga vetë ata me mbështetjen e autoriteteve shtetërore në përgjithësi dhe atyre ligjzbatuese në vecanti.
Qëllimi i këtij punimi është të kontribuojë në përmirësimin e perceptimit të sigurisë dhe në
kuptimin më të thelluar të kësaj cështjeje kaq të lidhur me mënyrën e jetesës së qytetarëve dhe me ndikimin që ajo ka në mënyrë të drejtpërdrejtë në zhvillimkin ekonomiko-social të një vendi.
Metoda e përdorur në këtë punim është ajo e kërkimit sasior duke marrë në konsideratë
literaturën e deritanishme dhe politikat e ndërmarra në fushën e sigurisë në Shqipëri në këto dekadat e fundit.
Në një mjedis të pasigurt nuk mund të ketë një jetë të qetë të qytetarëve dhe për rrjedhojë nuk mund të zhvillohen veprimtari sociale dhe ekonomike afatgjata. Në këtë perspektivë nuk mund të ketë një zhvillim të qëndrueshëm ekonomik me pasojat logjike që kjo situatë sjell. Pa një mjedis të sigurt nuk mund të pretendohet një hyrje në periudhën afatshkurtër në BE
Statistical Analysis of the Relation between Inflation and Unemployment in Democratic States using Spearman’s ƍ Correlation Coefficient with Application in Albania
Get PDFThe main purpose of the present study is to investigate relation between inflation rate and
unemployment rate in contemporary democratic states, using Spearman’s ƍ correlation
coefficient. We apply this method in Albania during the period January 2005-December
2014. Some results of the study include:
The Central Limit Theorem is not applicable for the quarterly inflation rate as well as
for quarterly unemployment rate in Albania during the period January 2005-December
2014 at the confidence level 99.99%. The official data for inflation and unemployment
contradict the CLT at very high confidence level 99.99%.
The inflation process in Albania during the period January 2005-December 2014 is an
unfair game at the confidence level 99.2%.
The unemployment process in Albania during the period January 2005-December 2014
is an unfair game at the confidence level 99.99%.
The inflation and unemployment in Albania during the period January 2005-December
2014 are statistically dependent at the 96% confidence level.
Spearman’s correlation coefficient ƍ= 0.387 indicates a weak positive correlation
between inflation and unemployment in Albania during the specified period.
The official data for inflation and unemployment in Albania during the period January
2005- December 2014 are consistent with Friedman’s hypothesis
Geopolitical dimension of thinking in the Albanian language supports the Euro-Atlantic integration
Get PDFThis work starts with the premise that the Albanian language is one of most ancient languages in the world and stands in the root of the common trunk of the Indo-European languages. The common pre-Indo-European origin is preserved in the present Albanian language almost in the same conditions that this language was spoken 2-3 thousand years ago. Further in the work arguments are set forth regarding Albanian language priorities as a synthetic-analytic type language and the role of the Albanian language as the key in analyzing the Indo-European language system is presented. Regardless the tendencies toward analytic features the Albanian language, at the same time, preserves also useful elements from the synthetic features. Continuing, the Albanian language geopolitical positioning is presented from the point of view of the Indo-European languages differentiation and concentration in the EU context and Euro-Atlantic countries integration, supposing the conditions of each language in relation to the specific way of thinking in that language. Closing, some concrete examples are presented about where and how the different ways of thinking may be applied and harmonized, either with the synthetic or analytic domination, and a concrete example is analyzed about how Albanian language can be invested in the improvement of the Indo-European linguistic system, drawing some conclusions in this direction
An overview of syllabuses in teaching English for Specific Purposes
Get PDFWhen teaching courses of English for Specific Purpose, the course instructor is mainly concerned with finding and adapting the type of syllabus which best equips learners with skills and knowledge in order to meet the learners’ future language needs. The article starts with describing the main types of syllabuses there are in English Language Teaching (ELT) and emphasizes that the syllabus designer must keep in mind many important criteria when choosing to design and implement a syllabus, especially in ESP. The various syllabuses described in this article are valuable input for the syllabus designer in creating a language program and course. The twelve types of syllabuses are examined and deined in separate contexts and it is almost impossible for one type of syllabus to be used and be successful in one English Language Teaching settings. It is becoming more and more convenient to use the integration of some types of syllabus. In ESP, like in most other courses, the syllabus gives details the content of what the learners will be taught during the course. It is through the syllabus that the teacher and the learner are able to measure progress. What is particular in ESP, it is the needs analysis process which is carried out prior to syllabus design which determines which language skills are needed by the learner. ESP makes extensive use of content-based approaches. Teaching activities are speciic to the subject matter being taught and are arranged in a way to stimulate students to think and learn through the use of the needed language. Finally, the article draws on the types of syllabuses studied to suggest on the most appropriate syllabuses to be used when considering designing a course of English for specific purposes. The recommendation is based on the essential features of ESP, that is the analysis of the needs of the learner and based on this criteria some syllabuses such as task-based, and content based are recommended