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The injured coast. The degradation of the Italian coastal landscape between unauthorized development, eco-mafia and regulations
No full textIl contributo illustra il fenomeno dell'abusivismo edilizio lungo le coste italiane con una particolare riflessione sulle strategie e gli strumenti messi in atto per il recupero del paesaggio costiero
Probing gas adsorption in zeolites by variable-temperature IR spectroscopy: An overview of current research
No full textThe current state of the art in the application of variable-temperature IR (VTIR) spectroscopy to the study of (i) adsorption sites in zeolites, including dual cation sites; (ii) the structure of adsorption complexes and (iii) gas-solid interaction energy is reviewed. The main focus is placed on the potential use of zeolites for gas separation, purification and transport, but possible extension to the field of heterogeneous catalysis is also envisaged. A critical comparison with classical IR spectroscopy and adsorption calorimetry shows that the main merits of VTIR spectroscopy are (i) its ability to provide simultaneously the spectroscopic signature of the adsorption complex and the standard enthalpy change involved in the adsorption process; and (ii) the enhanced potential of VTIR to be site specific in favorable cases
Responsive glazing systems: Characterisation methods, summer performance and implications on thermal comfort
No full textIn recent years, there have been several experimental and numerical researches on transparent envelope components that integrate phase change materials (PCMs). To address some of the drawbacks of these systems, new prototypes were created and their summer performance was monitored under Cfa climatic conditions (Turin, Italy). The proposed glazing system comprises a triple glazing unit with a thermotropic layer placed on the outer side, acting as a switchable shading system capable of regulating the phase transition of the PCM. The PCM is tested in both the inner and the outer cavity of the glazing, alternately. In this paper, the summer performance of these responsive glazing systems is reported, complementing the assessment of their performance under winter conditions, which was previously presented in another paper (Bianco et al., 2017). Two additional systems were also tested in parallel for reference purposes: a triple glazing unit with a thermotropic layer only, and a reference triple glazing unit. Direct solar transmission was assessed, and the correlation between glazing temperature and solar transmission coefficient of the thermotropic layer, when coupled with the triple glazing unit, was derived. The solar transmission as a function of the external surface temperature of the PCM glazing units was also evaluated. The energy performance was assessed by means of a long-term evaluation in addition to daily analyses during cloudy and sunny days. The capability of the aforementioned technologies to improve indoor thermal comfort was investigated, with the effect of the transmitted solar radiation impinging on the occupants also taken into account. The results highlight that the integration of a thermotropic layer in a triple glazing unit allows the cooling load through the transparent component to be reduced by one third when compared to a traditional triple glazing unit. The overall energy performance was found to be primarily affected by the position of the PCM; not only during winter season, but especially in summer, the PCM completed the phase transition only when placed in the outermost cavity. The thermal comfort conditions were improved, when evaluated in terms of traditional PMV, regardless of the position of the PCM layer. However, when the influence of the direct solar radiation impinging on the occupants was taken into account, the solution with the PCM layer located in the inner cavity presented a better performance
How much is the advisable self-sufficiency of aggregated prosumers with photovoltaic-wind power and storage to avoid grid upgrades?
No full textThis paper defines, with respect to the consumption, the maximum value of self-sufficiency that can be reached by users, who decide to install photovoltaic (PV) modules, wind turbines and electrochemical storage. The primary goal of the aggregated users, who become prosumers, is assumed the achievement of the best match between power profiles of loads and power profiles of generators. Such best match is obtained thanks to an appropriate procedure to design the sizes of generators and storages. In this procedure, power ratings of PV and wind generators and energy capacities of batteries are chosen to attain the highest levels of self-consumption and the lowest power exchange with the grid according to the load profile. Thus, the upgrade of transformers and lines is avoided and there are benefits for both prosumers and grid operators. The simulation results are very realistic, because the inputs, in terms of irradiances for PV modules, wind speeds for turbines and powers for loads, are accurate measurements. The return on investments is estimated according to current costs and market rules. The results can be useful to plan the future electricity mix in the Mediterranean areas
Side-channel analysis of SEcube™ platform
No full textCryptography provides techniques to cypher and de-cypher sensitive information through a token called key in order to store and transmit it across insecure networks. The goal of cryptography is to protect information from potential attackers and to enable access to authorized users only. Several hardware cryptographic devices are entering the market. However, these devices can be subject to passive attacks that consist in retrieving secret data by observing the side-channel behaviour of the device (i.e. execution time, power consumption, electromagnetic field). This work studies the robustness of SEcube™, an innovative secure hardware product against Differential Power Analysis attacks. SEcube™ is a system-on-chip equipped with three devices interconnected and embedded in a single chip: an ARM Cortex M4 low-power processor, a Lattice MachXO2-7000 FPGA and a SmartCard SLJ52G (EAL5+ certified). Moreover, in order to examine the security enhancement of this platform, we perform the same analysis with a similar board equipped with the same microprocessor and then compare the results. Experimental results show that the number of correct bits is similar between the two platform
A Parallel MapReduce Algorithm to Efficiently Support Itemset Mining on High Dimensional Data
No full textIn today's world, large volumes of data are being continuously generated by many scientific applications, such as bioinformatics or networking. Since each monitored event is usually characterized by a variety of features, high-dimensional datasets have been continuously generated. To extract value from these complex collections of data, different exploratory data mining algorithms can be used to discover hidden and non-trivial correlations among data. Frequent closed itemset mining is an effective but computational expensive technique that is usually used to support data exploration. Thanks to the spread of distributed and parallel frameworks, the development of scalable approaches able to deal with the so called Big Data has been extended to frequent itemset mining. Unfortunately, most of the current algorithms are designed to cope with low-dimensional datasets, delivering poor performances in those use cases characterized by high-dimensional data. This work introduces PaMPa-HD, a MapReduce-based frequent closed itemset mining algorithm for high dimensional datasets. An efficient solution has been proposed to parallelize and speed up the mining process. Furthermore, different strategies have been proposed to easily configure the algorithm parameter. The experimental results, performed on real-life high-dimensional use cases, show the efficiency of the proposed approach in terms of execution time, load balancing and robustness to memory issues
Demonstrator of Time Services based on European GNSS signals: the H2020 DEMETRA Project
No full textDuring 2015-2016, a European Consortium of 15 partners from 8 different countries, developed the DEMETRA (DEMonstrator of EGNSS services based on Time Reference Architecture), a project funded by the European Union in the frame of the Horizon 2020 program. This project aims at developing and experimenting time dissemination services dedicated to specific users like traffic control, energy distribution, finance, telecommunication, and scientific institutions. Nine services have been developed. These services provide time dissemination with accuracy levels from millisecond to the sub-ns, and also additional services like certification, calibration, or integrity. Five of these services are based on the European GNSS. After a development phase (see PTTI 2016 presentation) the full DEMETRA system has been working during six months for demonstration. The paper will report about the experimentation results, showing performances and limits of the proposed time dissemination services, aiming to foster the exploitation of the European GNSS for timing applications
Urban Branding Politics in Post-Fordist Cities: The Case of Turin, Italy
No full textNowadays, cities have became the laboratory of new forms of political mobilization based on urban branding policies which improves marketing of the city image in various ways by converting the visual image of the city into a brand image. In the early twenty-first century, the city of Turin as the Italian prototypical one-company town started investing heavily in urban branding strategies, in order to modify its former image of an industrial city. The core of the paper is a theoretical framework to understand the Urban Branding in Post-Fordist cities, which were developed through a review of the literature on both city branding and the industrial cities. Following a review of the extant literature on the urban image in general and city branding in particular, this research outlines distinct elements, categories and dimensions of a place brand, as well as a number of approaches in post-Fordist and postindustrial cities with example cases of each approach. This Paper aims to analyze the relationships between Post-Fordist Cities and Urban Branding through the case study of Turin, particularly deepening the role played by urban branding policies not only in promoting the city image but also in refusing some particular urban representations
