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Simulation of intermodal freight transportation systems: a taxonomy
No full textIntermodal transportation refers to multimodal chains or networks involving at least two transportation modes, freight being packed into a "container" and not being handled at intermodal-transfer terminals on its trip from its origin to its destination. This characterization makes intermodal transportation a multi-actor complex system involving a broad range of interacting stakeholders, decision makers, operations, and planning activities. Due to this complexity, simulation is much studied and used within the field of operations research, yielding models, methods, and tools to manage transportation activities and support the decision-making processes. The literature includes a large number of contributions on particular issues, but a broad view of the field is still missing. This paper aims to fill this gap, using a new taxonomy to structure the recent relevant literature. The proposed taxonomy thus appears a useful instrument to classify the literature and support further analyzes, identifying main findings, trends, and future paths of intermodal freight transportation systems across several dimensions (e.g., modes, geographical extensions, time horizons, and simulation objectives)
Multiple lasers stabilization on a single three color optical cavity
No full textWe designed and implemented a simple and robust optical system for the frequency stabilization of lasers at different wavelength, used for the cooling and trapping of atoms in a Yb optical lattice clock. We used a single ultra-stable cavity to lock the frequency of three different lasers at 399 nm, 556 nm and 759 nm exploiting the offset sideband locking technique, derived from the common Pound-Drever-Hall method. A linewidth of less than 300Hz is obtained at 556 nm with a fractional frequency stability of 3 × 10−14 at 1s. At 759 nm we measured a long term drift less than 20kHz per day, which is sufficient to keep the lattice light shift fractional uncertainty under 1 × 10−18. The system was tested by simultaneously locking the three lasers to the cavity and operating the clock without any significant reduction in number of atoms
Venaria Reale: Fountains of the Five Senses in the "Roman" Villa of the Duke of Savoy (1659)
No full textThe paper focuses on the topic of the Five Senses in the gardens of Venaria Reale, thanks to the archeological findings but mostly thanks to the description published in 1679 by the architect Amedeo di Castellamonte. The main architectural scenery of the garden, the Fountain of Hercules, is described as a place where all senses meet and where the visitor can enjoy all the effects created by water. The architect follows the contemporary literature about fountains and gardens, basing his words on another description, published by Claudio Tolomei in 1547 and concerning the Belluomo garden in Rome
Methodology to Backcalculate Individual Speed Data Originally Aggregated by Road Detectors
No full textHighway and traffic engineers collect vehicular speed data with detectors based on a variety of fixed and mobile device technologies, to support analysis and design activities. Most acquisition units aggregate speed data into speed classes for ease of management and storage. An unfortunate result of this practice is a significant loss of content associated with individual speed data. Moreover, the use of individual speeds is often necessary to support road safety analysis and speed management decisions. For bridging of this gap, this paper introduces an algorithm that disaggregates speed data collected with automatic road detectors that can measure speed frequency only in intervals. The objective is to obtain backcalculated individual speeds that operate with continuous distribution functions rather than discrete ones. This information allows the derivation of more robust, basic descriptive measures (average, variance, and percentiles) according to normal, lognormal, and gamma probability distribution functions. Therefore, the information produced is more useful than that calculated from standard aggregated speed reports. In this investigation, individual speed data collected from video cameras were used to derive reference distributions and descriptive measures on the same road sections where inductive double-loop detectors were installed. Comparisons of the backcalculated individual speeds and those collected from video cameras support the validity of the proposed algorithm
Nove mostre e un convegno a Paraloup
No full textPresentazione delle nove mostre del Politecnico di Torino su "Montagna e Architettura" e "Arte e Montagna "con la partecipazione dell''Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Architecture de Grenoble: "Dalla tradizione alla Bioarchitettura", "Workshop paesaggi alpini", A.L.P.S, Rifugi e villaggi montani, Le Alpi apuane e dintorni, Dalla forma al luogo, Paesaggi disegnati, ENSAG e la montagna. Coordinamento scientifico Daniele Regis e Corrado Colombo (Architettura e montagne) Daniele Regis (Arte e montagne), con Fondazione Nuto Revelli, Rete del Ritorno, e la collaborazione Simbidea, Rete dei piccoli paesi, Kosmoki, Forte di Vinadio nell'ambito di Nuovi Mondi Festival, e il patrocinio di Unione Montana Valle Stura e comune di Rittan
La città fortificata di Arezzo nei Cabrei del Priorato di Pisa
No full textAbstract In this proposal the aim is to analyse the fortified city of Arezzo from unpublished archival documents. The Johannite Commandery of S. Jacopo, today no longer existing, was part of the urban setting of Arezzo and was located near the Porta Santo Spirito. This ancient fortification survives today. It stands as a very important example of military constructions for its massive polygonal town walls which were built between 1538 and 1560 by Antonio da Sangallo il Giovane on the site of the old Medieval citadel. The Church of S. Jacopo was destroyed to make way for new urban plans in the post-war period. Still in the urban area traces of the Order of Malta's architecture survive. Our explanation attempts to explore the connection of this commandery with the fortified city. From such perspective it is interesting to analyse the setting up and functioning of the commandery within a fortified-urban framework. In this analysis studying the drawings produced by the land surveyors from the cabrei is of utmost importance. These unpublished documents, part of the ancient archive of the Priory of Pisa, offer in fact an unusual representation of a fortified city, which is now preserved in the Archivio di Stato in Florence
Evolution of the longitudinal and azimuthal structure of the near-side jet peak in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN =2.76 TeV
No full textIn two-particle angular correlation measurements, jets give rise to a near-side peak, formed by particles associated to a higher-p(T) trigger particle. Measurements of these correlations as a function of pseudorapidity (Delta eta) and azimuthal (Delta phi) differences are used to extract the centrality and p(T) dependence of the shape of the near-side peak in the p(T) range 1 < p(T) < 8 GeV/c in Pb-Pb and pp collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV. A combined fit of the near-side peak and long-range correlations is applied to the data and the peak shape is quantified by the variance of the distributions. While the width of the peak in the Delta phi direction is almost independent of centrality, a significant broadening in the Delta eta direction is found from peripheral to central collisions. This feature is prominent for the low-p(T) region and vanishes above 4 GeV/c. The widths measured in peripheral collisions are equal to those in pp collisions in the Delta phi direction and above 3 GeV/c in the Delta eta direction. Furthermore, for the 10% most central collisions and 1 < p(T, assoc) < 2 GeV/c, 1 < p(T,trig) < 3 GeV/c, a departure from a Gaussian shape is found: a depletion develops around the center of the peak. The results are compared to A Multi-Phase Transport (AMPT) model simulation as well as other theoretical calculations indicating that the broadening and the development of the depletion are connected to the strength of radial and longitudinal flow
Anomalous Evolution of the Near-Side Jet Peak Shape in Pb-Pb Collisions at sNN =2.76 TeV
No full textThe measurement of two-particle angular correlations is a powerful tool to study jet quenching in a p(T) region inaccessible by direct jet identification. In these measurements pseudorapidity (Delta(eta)) and azimuthal (Delta phi) differences are used to extract the shape of the near-side peak formed by particles associated with a higher p(T) trigger particle (1 < p(T,trig) < 8 GeV/c). A combined fit of the near-side peak and long-range correlations is applied to the data allowing the extraction of the centrality evolution of the peak shape in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV. A significant broadening of the peak in the Delta(eta) direction at low p(T) is found from peripheral to central collisions, which vanishes above 4 GeV/c, while in the Delta(phi) direction the peak is almost independent of centrality. For the 10% most central collisions and 1 < p(T,assoc) < 2 GeV/c, 1 < p(T,trig) < 3 GeV/c a novel feature is observed: a depletion develops around the center of the peak. The results are compared to pp collisions at the same center of mass energy and AMPT model simulations. The comparison to the investigated models suggests that the broadening and the development of the depletion is connected to the strength of radial and longitudinal flow