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Knowledge, Attitude and Practices about Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation among Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital, Kohima, Nagaland, India, November 2018
No full textThe Development of a Community Based Interdisciplinary Oral Health Care Team
No full textShort AbstractOccupational therapy faculty and students collaborated with an existing community based oral health care team, Ready Set Smile, which provides oral health services and education to children in preschool and elementary school settings. The goals of the project were to expand the oral health knowledge of allied health care workers, to increase knowledge and perceptions of the roles of the interprofessional team members in oral health care services, and to provide family education to the families of children at high risk for unmet dental needs. The preliminary outcomes of all three goal areas of this project will be shared along with their implications for interprofessional teaming in oral health care and the use of family based education for supporting changes in health behaviors.Long AbstractThe project involved interprofessional training through use of video learning modules to occupational therapy (OT) students and community health workers (CHW) to support oral health outcomes for young children and their families. The OT students and CHW rated their knowledge of oral health and team member roles and perceptions of the roles of interprofessional team members working with children and families on oral health prevention and management prior to the onset of the project and at project completion. Preliminary outcomes suggest that even short synchronous collaborative interprofessional sessions can change knowledge and perceptions of team member roles. Additional measures demonstrated the effectiveness of short video learning modules to increase knowledge and skills of allied health professionals in the area of oral health. In addition, the OT students and CHWs collaborated with preschool settings to develop child and caregiver education related to oral health. The preschool partners serve children from low socioeconomic populations who are at high risk for unmet dental needs and high levels of dental caries (Gold and Tomar, 2018). The use of school-based programs has been found to be a beneficial method of improving oral health outcomes for children (Alsumait et al., 2019; Haleem et al., 2016). In addition, an interprofessional approach has been shown to be beneficial for meeting the needs of underserved populations (Collins, 2016; Gold & Tomar, 2018; Kaur, 2019). The project team collaborated to develop evidence based practices including health literacy, caregiver education, and motivational interviewing. Educational materials and oral health supplies were mailed to families of children in high risk categories. Preliminary findings from caregiver responses will be shared as an outcome related to changes in knowledge and oral health behaviors. This project was funded by a grant from the Delta Dental Foundation of Minnesota and conducted in collaboration with St. Catherine University Faculty and Students and Ready, Set, Smile
Validation of an automated shape-matching algorithm for biplane radiographic spine osteokinematics and radiostereometric analysis error quantification.
No full textIdentifying Fall Prevention Content in Graduate Healthcare Curricula
No full textISSUE: An interprofessional team-based approach to fall prevention is advocated to address the public health issue of fall-related injuries. The purpose of this study was to analyze fall-related curricular content across graduate physician assistant, nursing, occupational therapy, and physical therapy healthcare programs. METHODS: The research team conducted a qualitative thematic analysis of fall risk, assessment, and intervention content in graduate program textbooks, curricular narrative, and course objectives. OUTCOME: The four curricular themes identified were universal fall risks, varied assessments, discipline-based interventions, and minimal interprofessional approaches. All curricula universally covered fall risks. Curricular coverage of fall assessment varied by discipline. The physician assistant and nursing curricula focused on assessing fall risk and safety, while the occupational and physical therapy covered standardized functional assessments. The disciplines of physical and occupational therapy provided curricular instruction in restorative or compensatory interventions. All curricula included the interventions of patient and caregiver education and environmental modifications. Curricular coverage of an interprofessional approach to fall prevention was minimal. CONCLUSION: This study identified universal fall risks, varied fall assessments, and discipline-based fall interventions across four graduate healthcare curricula. There was minimal evidence of education in an interprofessional approach to fall prevention
The Health Effects of Fetal Mercury Exposure: A Systematic Review.
No full textBackgroundAccording to World Health Organization (WHO), mercury is one of the top ten chemicals that pose a public health concern. More than 600,000 newborns per year experience in utero mercury exposures. Although mercury exposure can affect anyone, the burden is unequally placed on certain populations where exposure is high due to high consumption of fish or those in close proximity to factories. Objective This review seeks to determine and assess the health effects of fetal mercury exposure through a systematic review of current literature.MethodsGoogle Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect were used to find articles relevant to our study on the health effects of fetal mercury exposure. Articles chosen for the study were published between 2013 and 2019, had full text available, were written in English, had human subjects, and were relevant to our research topic. We found 21 articles that were relevant to our topic and met some of our criteria. Out of these 21 articles, we used 10 that were most relevant to our project and met all of our inclusion criteria. ResultsFetuses and infants are particularly vulnerable to mercury as it can cross the placental barrier during pregnancy and can be in breast milk after birth. Mercury exposure has significant associations with reduced neurocognitive development, low birth weight, and preterm birth. Fetal mercury exposure is also linked to anxiety in some children, and girls are more prone to the negative effects than boys. Mothers can minimize the risk of exposure to mercury through reduction in the consumption of fish and the termination of use of household items such as anti-aging products and skin lighteners. ConclusionMethylmercury exposure is a serious risk for fetuses, especially in communities where fish are often consumed. To combat the adverse health effects of methylmercury exposure, food and water could be tested more often for mercury. In addition, there should be stronger regulations at the state level to reduce the use of methylmercury in factories and limit inhalation of methylmercury. Lastly, women who are pregnant or could become pregnant should be educated on the effects of methylmercury and how they can avoid exposure.ImplicationThis literature review call for policymakers to increase regulations at the state level to reduce the use of methylmercury in factories. Women who are pregnant should be educated on the effects of methylmercury and how they can avoid exposure
The impact of negative life events (NLEs) on spirituality: a qualitative study on the perspectives of Nigerian Catholic women religious in the United States
No full textContext: Most research work on stress and spirituality has pointed to the importance of spirituality in coping with stressful, adverse, and even life-threatening circumstances, especially among individuals of immigrant backgrounds. Limited studies exist about how negative life events (NLEs) influence spirituality, particularly that of the Nigerian Catholic sisters living in the United States.Methods: In 2018, interviews were conducted in New York with Nigerian Catholic Sisters to explore how NLEs influence their spirituality. Twenty sisters who have lived in the United States for 2-25 years were interviewed. A coding scheme was developed using the grounded theory. Key themes were identified and examined by participants’ year of profession, length of stay in the USA, employment type, and educational level.Results: Content analysis of twenty transcripts generated four significant themes. The themes followed a specific pattern of dealing with a difficult life situation, beginning with 1) the basic instant internal reactions to the stressor such as crying, feeling shocked, and alone. 2) Movement from self-absorption toward an expanded view of life through reframing the NLE using spiritual approaches. 3) Outcomes of the process which include, a deeper relationship with God, a positive outlook on life, and a strong sense of meaning in life.Conclusion: While the impact of spirituality on stress is known, we discovered that the state of one’s mental health as affected by an NLE also influences one’s spirituality.Mental Health Policy Implication: This research highlights the need for spirituality to be integrated into clinical practice to improve the mental and emotional health of individuals
Perkins, J. B. (in press). Accessing the Sacred, the Essence of Nursing: Watson’s Ten Caritas Processes™ Revisited Through the Lens of Unitary Human Caring Science.
No full textThis paper articulates how Watson’s Caritas ProcessesTM evolved to Caritas-Veritas Light on Virtues, facilitating unitary transformative experience. This shift builds harmonic coherence between major streams of consciousness that focus on: 1. The physical and conceptually concrete (objective/quantitative/ particulate/determinate); 2. The mental, emotional, meaningful/belief systems, (subjective/qualitative/interactive/integrative); and 3. The gestalt of spirit and the natural environment (virtual/quantum/unitary/transformative). The lived experience of harmonically braided streams of consciousness, meld human-environment/universe, potentiating health, healing, love and compassion. Unitary/transformative pandimensional awareness unfolds in the consciousness and everyday life, of the practicing nurse, facilitating a direct experience of sacred praxis
Blastomyces dermatitidis Environmental Prevalence in Minnesota: Analysis and Modeling Using Soil Collected at Basal and Outbreak SitesTitle
No full textOutbreaks of blastomycosis, caused by the fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis, occur in areas of endemicity in the United States and Canada, but the geographic range of blastomycosis is expanding. Previous studies inferred the location of B. dermatitidis through epidemiologic data associated with outbreaks because culture of B. dermatitidis from the environment is often unsuccessful. In this study, we used a culture-independent, PCR-based method to identify B. dermatitidis DNA in environmental samples using the BAD1 promoter region. We tested 250 environmental samples collected in Minnesota, either associated with blastomycosis outbreaks or environmental samples collected from regions of high and low endemicity to determine the basal prevalence of B. dermatitidis in the environment. We identified a fifth BAD1 promoter haplotype of B. dermatitidis prevalent in Minnesota. Ecological niche analysis identified latitude, longitude, elevation, and site classification as environmental parameters associated with the presence of B. dermatitidis. Using this analysis, a random forest model predicted the presence of B. dermatitidis in basal environmental samples with 75% accuracy. These data support the use of culture-independent, PCR-based environmental sampling to track spread into new regions and to characterize the unknown B. dermatitidis environmental niche.IMPORTANCE Upon inhalation of spores from the fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis from the environment, humans and animals can develop the disease blastomycosis. Based on disease epidemiology, B. dermatitidis is known to be endemic in the United States and Canada around the Great Lakes and in the Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys but is starting to emerge in other areas. B. dermatitidis is extremely difficult to culture from the environment, so little is known about the environmental reservoirs for this pathogen. We used a culture-independent PCR-based assay to identify the presence of B. dermatitidis DNA in soil samples from Minnesota. By combining molecular data with ecological niche modeling, we were able to predict the presence of B. dermatitidis in environmental samples with 75% accuracy and to define characteristics of the B. dermatitidis environmental niche. Importantly, we showed the effectiveness of using a PCR-based assay to identify B. dermatitidis in environmental samples
