Centro de Documentación de las Artes Escénicas y de la Música
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Ethical research for all: Protection from harm, informed consent and the right to withdraw for qualitative researchers
No full textContributing to arguments about the impact of research on researchers, we reconsider three key ethical concepts – protection from harm, informed consent, and the right to withdraw. We ask how can protection from harm be equally applied to all? How might researchers be given the opportunity to think seriously about what they are consenting to? What might ethical endings look like for researchers who wish to withdraw from their research? In asking these questions, we interrogate what it means to be ‘professional’ in qualitative research, and support calls for a ‘cultures of care’ approach and dynamic, process-oriented ethical procedures
The global regulation of international nurse recruitment and migration: a historical-critical institutional ethics of care enquiry
No full textSince the Second World War, international nurse recruitment has become a high-level political matter in spheres of cross-border global governance. This paper traces the global politics-ethics nexus of this development through a focus on two multilateral agreements that regulate such recruitment: the International Labour Organization Nursing Personnel Recommendation (1977) and the World Health Organization Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel (2010). Innovating a global historical-critical institutional ethics of care enquiry to frame and structure the analysis, the paper argues that these global-level agreements have been consistently intentionally permissive of the international recruitment of nurses. International organisations and the international community of state and non-state stakeholders have facilitated these global nurse labour dynamics, not despite two major regulatory initiatives but through them. We find that both multilateral agreements mostly meet the standards of a global ethic of care, but do not do so as far as a critical ethic of care is concerned. The weak global institutional framework, the lack of strong connecting mechanisms in the Global Code to national spheres of governance and law, the absence of lateral links to international legal codes in the areas of social and labour policy, and the failure to address historical (including colonial) legacies underpinning the systematic depletion of national nursing workforces in poorer countries present significant challenges in realising the level of nursing workforce sustainability necessary to achieving the health and health-related SDGs
Challenges and synergies in the co-implementation of Lean Construction with LEED certification: a perspective from Brazilian civil construction professionals
No full textThe construction industry plays a crucial role in the economy, but it is often associated with negative environmental impacts. The study aims to explore both the challenges and synergies involved in combining Lean Construction (LC) with Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification. To gain insights, we conducted 11 in-depth interviews with Brazilian construction professionals experienced in implementing either LC and/or LEED certification. A content analysis approach was employed to examine the interview transcripts, supported by NVivo software. The findings reveal several challenges to the joint adoption of Lean-LEED, including the dominant culture in the Brazilian construction industry and higher initial costs. Nevertheless, the analysis revealed that integrating Lean-LEED can promote industrial development while effectively addressing the three pillars of sustainability: environmental, social, and economic. This study contributes to understanding how combining LC with LEED certification can help professionals incorporate lean practices into projects seeking LEED certification and align certification processes with lean principles
Testing the hypothesis, ‘planetary protection is expensive’ from the European Space Agency perspective
No full textInvestments in planetary protection (PP) are to ensure that space hardware does not carry harmful contamination in the solar system (forward PP), or to safeguard Earth’s biosphere (backward PP) from potentially harmful extraterrestrial material. The implementation of PP in projects has at times been perceived as a cost driver. Here, we examine the cost of PP in European Space Agency (ESA) missions. From an evaluation made since ESA’s first deep-space exploration in 1985, we have found that for forward PP: (i) for missions to target bodies with little relevance for PP (category I–II), supplementary investments or manpower is not required; (ii) for missions orbiting bodies relevant for PP (category III—orbiters to Mars and Icy Worlds), the effort to maintain those targets pristine has been estimated to be less than 1% of total mission cost; (iii) for landing missions (category IV) to Mars, the estimated cost is up to approximately 5% of total mission cost. For backward PP, the nature of restricted Earth-returned sample endeavours (category V-r), with the potential release of unwanted material from space, requires that safety must be an essential part of the mission, so by some measure the whole mission is a PP endeavour, and not an ‘additional cost’ per se. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Planetary Protection for sustainable space exploration’
Accurate and robust real-time prediction of September Arctic sea ice
No full textWe describe the real-time forecasting of September 2024 Arctic sea ice extent using a theory-guided machine learning method based on data-adaptive harmonic decomposition and frequency-based nonlinear stochastic modeling, as part of the Sea Ice Outlook. Compared to standard statistical and machine learning models, this method adeptly accounts for non-linear behavior, effectively incorporates memory effects, and handles a wide range of time scale variations, from synoptic (stochastic-like) weather effects to low-frequency (red-noise like) variability, significantly enhancing the accuracy and reliability of sea ice prediction
Spatiotemporal epidemiology, geographic hotspots, and risk factor associations of drug-resistant tuberculosis incidence in Indonesia: a Bayesian hierarchical modelling approach
No full textBackground: Indonesia ranks among the countries with the highest burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), contributing approximately 7.4% of global cases, many of which are likely underdiagnosed. To support targeted public health surveillance and control efforts, this study aimed to characterize the spatiotemporal distribution of DR-TB incidence in Indonesia, identify geographic hotspots, and examine associations with health system and socioeconomic factors.
Methods: We conducted a nationwide retrospective analysis using annual DR-TB notification data from 2017 to 2022 across all 514 districts, obtained from the national tuberculosis information system. Multivariable Bayesian spatiotemporal regression models were fitted under alternative likelihood assumptions and space-time random effect structures. Model selection criteria were used to identify the best-fitting models for hotspot detection and estimation of risk factor associations.
Results: DR-TB predominantly affected individuals aged 25–54 years, aligning with the working-age population. Hotspots were concentrated in urbanized regions, including the Jabodetabek megacity, Greater Surabaya, and districts in South Sumatra. The best-fitting model identified a protective association between first-line treatment success rates and DR-TB incidence [incidence rate ratio (IRR): 0.508; 95% credible interval (CrI): 0.368–0.702]. In contrast, DR-TB incidence was positively associated with the proportion of the population living below the poverty line (IRR: 1.028; 95% CrI: 1.013–1.044), households with improved sanitation access (IRR: 1.006; 95% CrI: 1.002–1.010), and increased municipal human development index (IRR: 1.068; 95% CrI: 1.049–1.094).
Conclusions: DR-TB hotspots were primarily concentrated in urban areas, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. Improving first-line tuberculosis treatment success rates and addressing socioeconomic drivers, such as poverty, are critical for controlling DR-TB. Public health policies should prioritize workplace-based support for improving treatment adherence, provide safeguards for TB patients affected by poverty, and underscore the importance of a multisectoral TB surveillance and control program
Curatorial Ways of Making Cities and Navigating Futures Through Urban Experiments
No full textFocused on urban experiments such as electric vehicle deployments and the development of requisite urban technologies and infrastructures, this contribution argues that such developments become sites where place-based, relationally constructed futures can take shape. We outline a curatorial approach founded in relational geography to inform the construction and navigation of such futures. Drawing parallels with nineteenth-century curatorial approaches centred on exhibits as instruments of power and seduction, a critical perspective on contemporary technology demonstrators foregrounds how urban experiments promote specific futures and implicitly pare down alternatives. A curatorial lens is applied to urban experiments to reveal the tensions and topologies of power as technology developers, communities and local authorities add new elements to urban constellations and in doing so (re)negotiate the meanings and futures associated with urban technologies such as low-carbon vehicles
Scaling Social Innovation: A Cross-Cultural Comparative Study of School-Based Mentoring Interventions
No full textSocial innovation is increasingly recognised as a powerful vehicle to address unmet societal needs. Nonetheless, research into how contexts and agency interact to determine outcomes/risks of its scaling appears still limited. This study draws on structuration theory to fill some gaps. By comparing two school-based mentoring interventions, it first shows that comparable external catalysts can trigger diverging ambitions and paths to scale. Second, it finds that certain strategic/agentic choices (e.g. entrepreneurial, political, coalition-building skills; evaluation), combined with specific contextual features, help to achieve more rapidly a larger scale of expansion. Finally, it highlights which risks, in this field, more strongly relate to agentic and/or contextual factors, providing insights for research, policy and practice
Conveni de col·laboració entre l'Institut de Cultura de Barcelona i la Fundació Orfeó Català Palau de la Música per adherir-se al projecte Quadern Cultura
No full textAprovat per resolució del president de l'Institut de Cultura de Barcelona de 21-04-202
ARTERIAL an AI framework for mechanical thrombectomy Planning through the automated characterization of vascular tortuosity
No full textSystem requirements: For deployment, Arterial has been partly tested on Ubuntu 18.04 and 20.04. Check for Cuda compatibility (cuDNN, cudatoolkit) between your Nvidia GPU and the PyTorch version installed through the nnU-Net package5 . Your GPU should have at least 3GB of VRAM to correctly perform inference with the segmentation models (otherwise, you could run into memory problems). For development, Arterial, has been tested on MacOS 10.15 or newer, excluding the segmentation module due to the lack of Cuda support.L'accés als materials dipositats no estarà disponible fins la fi de la data d'embargament. Si esteu interessats a accedir-hi, contacteu amb [email protected][cat] Arterial és un programari d’anàlisi d’imatges mèdiques per a cirurgia de l’ictus, mitjançant l'avaluació quantitativa de la tortuositat vascular, derivada de la imatge mèdica abans de la intervenció en el context de l’ictus. L’objectiu final de l’Arterial és optimitzar el tractament endovascular de l 'ictus isquèmic agut, mitjançant prediccions rellevants abans de la intervenció, de manera que els neurointervencionista pot prendre decisions sobre les possibilitats de tractament de cada individu.[eng] Arterial framework is an AI-powered medical image analysis framework for stroke surgical planning through the quantitative assessment of vascular tortuosity, derived from medical imaging prior to intervention in the stroke context. The ultimate goal of Arterial is to optimize endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke by delivering relevant predictions regarding the difficulty of endovascular treatment in stroke patients prior to intervention, such that neurointerventionalists can make supported decisions regarding the treatment possibilities for each individual patient, and advanced towards a more personalized medicine through the power of AI.Projecte: UBTT0437-