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Reliability-aware Optimization of Task Offloading for UAV-assisted Edge Computing
Get PDFUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are widely used for
edge computing in poor infrastructure scenarios due to their deployment flexibility and mobility. In UAV-assisted edge computing
systems, multiple UAVs can cooperate with the cloud to provide
superior computing capability for diverse innovative services.
However, many service-related computational tasks may fail due
to the unreliability of UAVs and wireless transmission channels.
Diverse solutions were proposed, but most of them employ timedriven strategies which introduce unwanted decision waiting
delays. To address this problem, this paper focuses on a taskdriven reliability-aware cooperative offloading problem in UAVassisted edge-enhanced networks. The issue is formulated as an
optimization problem which jointly optimizes UAV trajectories,
offloading decisions, and transmission power, aiming to maximize
the long-term average task success rate. Considering the discretecontinuous hybrid action space of the problem, a dependenceaware latent-space representation algorithm is proposed to represent discrete-continuous hybrid actions. Furthermore, we design
a novel deep reinforcement learning scheme by combining the
representation algorithm and a twin delayed deep deterministic
policy gradient algorithm. We compared our proposed algorithm
with four alternative solutions via simulations and a realistic
Kubernetes testbed-based setup. The test results show how our
scheme outperforms the other methods, ensuring significant
improvements in terms of task success rat
Statistical Data Processing Technologies for Sustainable Aviation: A Case Study of Ukraine
Get PDFAviation is widely recognised as a system of systems where interconnected components interact dynamically within a structured framework. Failures in aviation equipment, inconsistencies in technological procedures, and operational inefficiencies contribute to stochastic variability, making robust data-driven approaches essential for enhancing sustainability and resilience. This study proposes a comprehensive statistical data processing framework aimed at enhancing the sustainability and resilience of civil aviation systems, using Ukraine
as a case study. Our analysis identifies two major gaps: an insufficient application of modern data processing techniques and a lack of consideration for the changepoint effect—a critical factor influencing reliability indicators, diagnostic parameters, and technological
process trends. The scientific novelty and value of this article lie in the development of a new approach to data processing in civil aviation, which includes a set of methods for changepoint detection, the estimation of the model parameters after the changepoint, and the prediction of future values in trends of processed data. The practical value is associated with the possibility of implementing such processing for all components of civil
aviation, where process parameters and trends of diagnostic variables for components of civil aviation systems are monitored. The analysis of the efficiency of the proposed approach to data processing showed the possibility of reducing operating costs, which can be considered within the framework of sustainable development of civil aviation. An
important practical result is that the authors propose a Datahub model to facilitate the efficient collection, processing, and usage of aviation-related statistical data, supporting both sustainable decision-making and cost minimisation. A case study on aviation radio equipment demonstrates the application of statistical data processing techniques, incorporating
the changepoint effect through Monte Carlo simulations
Constitutionnalisme numérique : théories et approches critiques
Get PDFAu cours de la dernière décennie, le concept de constitutionnalisme numérique a attiré l’attention des auteurs de diverses disciplines. Cet article vise à fournir une cartographie systématique de la manière dont cette notion a été utilisée et critiquée au cours des dernières années. En particulier, on propose de reconstruire les temps d’évolution des théories du constitutionnalisme numérique, de leurs formulations initiales jusqu’aux travaux scientifiques récents. Cette notion est apparue dans un
sens innovant et progressiste, faisant référence à une dimension constitutionnelle élargie au-delà de l’État. Des études récentes ont avancé une conception plus holistique et ont simultanément appliqué cette notion à des domaines ou à des sources normatives spécifiques. L’article offre trois modèles de catégorisation des approches scientifiques émergentes du constitutionnalisme numérique et présente
trois catégories d’arguments critiques qui ont été adressés à la théorie du
constitutionnalisme numérique. Ce travail se termine par une contre-critique personnelle de ces arguments
EU Policy Enforcement and Anti-Money Laundering Overhaul in the EU – A New Analytical Approach
Get PDFThis paper examines the revised enforcement system for anti-money laundering (AML)in the EU, focusing on the creation of a new EU agency – the Anti-Money Laundering Authority (AMLA). The paper asks how the reformed framework ensures a more consistent and efficient AML enforcement in the EU, compared with prior regimes. The literature primarily examines agencification in the EU through the dimensions of centralisation/decentralization and direct/indirect enforcement powers, however, this analytical lens is incomplete for the revised AML enforcement system. We therefore devise a third dimension for analysing enforcement that relies on operational and collaborative integration throughout the system. This third dimension highlights specific features, namely, how agencification in a common system enables a shared operational responsibility, steered by legal and institutional integration, common methodologies and practices. These features bind the various actors together, moving beyond a network model based on coordination towards a more harmonised and cooperative system of enforcement. The three-dimensional (3D) model serves as an analytical approach for studying the EU enforcement regime for AML, one that could also be used in other areas of EU policy enforcement
Trends in digital technologies to address children's online safety education: A systematic scoping review
Get PDFThis scoping review aims to identify trends in studies related to children's online safety education facilitated by digital technologies. The review is guided by the five-stage framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley. We searched in four electronic databases: ERIC,Web of Science, Scopus, and the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). The studies identified in the search were independently reviewed by two authors using the PRISMA checklist for scoping reviews and the Rayyan software. Following the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria, we incorporated 34 papers into the scoping review. Our analysis revealed a growing number of educational technologies designed for children's Internet safety education over the years. Among various approaches, game-based learning emerged as the most popular method for delivering educational content within the broader domain of online safety education for children. The majority of the studies focused on children aged 11–14 years old, with sample sizes ranging from 6 to 976 child participants. Additionally, intervention-based research designs were the most frequently employed methodology. Our study advances the knowledge base on technology-based education in online safety training of children by mapping the literature of this field and unveiling the trends over the past decade. These insights can shape future research directions in online safety education and inform the educational technology industry
Term planning in a lesser-used EU language. The Irish case
Get PDFThis chapter considers the current state of terminology planning for Irish. In it the unusual and paradoxical sociolinguistic situation of Irish — a symbolically important and often learned language in a bilingual country, where community language transmission is in decline — is summarised, and the consequent implications for corpus development and terminology domains are examined. The thorny questions of term acceptance, term implantation, and in vivo term creation are discussed and the main structures for terminology planning — Foras na Gaeilge, An Coiste Téarmaíochta, Gaois, and Rannóg an Aistriúcháin — presented. A section is devoted to the transformative effect of official language status in the EU since 2007, and the terminology structures created to support that status
Reminder of Jaynes’ views on two key issues of Gibbsian statistical mechanics
No full textGibbs’ approach to statistical mechanics incorporates key foundational concepts and is at the core of modern statistical thermodynamics. However, two aspects of Gibbs’ approach still cause problems for students and teachers alike. The first is the conservation of phase space density in a thermally isolated system (the Liouville theorem) which means that the entropy of the system, according to Gibbs’ definition, is necessarily constant. This then leads to measures such as coarse-graining to enable an approach to statistical equilibrium. The second aspect is the Gibbs’ paradox, concerning the extensivity of the entropy of ideal gas mixtures in classical statistical mechanics. However, Edwin Jaynes addressed both of these issues in a logically consistent manner many decades ago, and provided interesting and insightful alternative ways to view them. Surprisingly Jaynes’ treatment of both these issues seems to be largely forgotten. In the present work Jaynes’ treatment is recalled and linked back to Gibbs’ original work. Several important issues merit being highlighted once again for a new generation of teachers and students, including the details of Gibbs’ statistical mechanical definition of entropy, the exact definition of entropy in classical thermodynamics, as well as Jaynes’ insights on the distinction between physical and thermodynamical systems, the relationship to the anthropomorphic nature of entropy, and the information known about a system
Indirect Influence of Prejudice: How and Why People Accommodate the Prejudices of Others
No full textResearch on social discrimination has traditionally focused on the direct influence of individuals' prejudice on their behavior toward members of minoritized groups. In this review, we highlight recent theory and research findings on the indirect influence of prejudice, which can produce discriminatory outcomes, even among low-prejudiced people, to accommodate the prejudices of others. Key to this process of prejudice accommodation is instrumental goals, which often derive from formal organizational roles. To illustrate the dynamics of prejudice accommodation, we focus on the context of hiring decisions with the potential to produce gender employment discrimination. When organizations focus on person-environment or cultural fit, personnel decisions become interdependent with the attitudes of relevant constituents, promoting the accommodation of those attitudes to fulfill instrumental goals. We discuss evidence for the centrality of instrumental goals associated with cultural fit among hiring professionals, and recent research connecting those instrumental goals to prejudice accommodation in hiring decisions that produce gender discrimination. We also review evidence suggesting that instrumental goals (rather than personal attitudes) underlie prejudice accommodation, creating a conundrum for decision-makers low in prejudice and/or highly motivated to respond in unprejudiced ways. In closing, we provide practical recommendations to counter the indirect influence of prejudice in hiring, including reframing decision-makers’ goals to foster independence and educating people about the consequences of prejudice accommodation
T-EAGLE: Capturing Temporal Narratives via Sequence Captioning and Text Matching
No full textThere is a growing need to retrieve specific events or information
from personal lifelog data, but this is particularly challenging due
to the massive scale and the passive nature of data capture by lifelogging devices. Current systems typically rely on image similarity
for single, isolated images, which struggle to capture the user intent
expressed in natural language and the semantic links between the
images and activities occurring over time. To address this issue, we
propose a novel lifelog retrieval framework that explicitly combines
both visual and temporal similarity in a multi-stage process, shifting the focus from single images to coherent sequences of actions.
Our approach uses image embeddings to initialize a set of candidate images. Importantly, the system then re-evaluates the query
similarity based on action descriptions which contain temporal
information across image sequences. Action captioning, integrated
into the indexing process, captures richer temporal and semantic context, allowing the system to distinguish between visually
similar but semantically distinct events. Additionally, the system
incorporates an evidence-based question answering mechanism, in
which the narratives of the retrieved sequences provide contextual
grounding for the answering model. The paper proposes a hybrid
retrieval framework that combines image similarity for candidate
initialization and visual-textual similarity for event retrieval. The
integration of action descriptions enables language-based temporal representation of events. These are extracted offline through
semantic content analysis and serve as the basis for building an
evidence-based Question Answering module using these narratives
as context. This approach helps bridge the gap between user intent
and the multimodal, temporally structured nature of lifelog data
On Sex Crimes in Italy
No full textHistorians have long noted that sexual violence was underreported and rarely prosecuted in early modern Europe. While this is undoubtedly true, the prosecution of sexual violence in 18th century Venice is not nearly as rare as this line of argument might suggest. While not always defined by early modern courts as rape (or at least not as ‘violent rape’), there are well over one hundred cases in eighteenth-century Venice that include descriptions of the sexual violation of victims, frequently with physical force and/or coercion. The courts used varying language to describe these crimes: they might be labelled stupro (rape), but more often were ‘defloration,’ ‘seduction’ (often ‘under pretence of marriage’), ‘sodomy,’ or ‘violation,’ and attempted versions of these same crimes. But many of them were described by victims and sometimes by witnesses in ways that we would now unequivocally label rape. And regardless of how the crime was officially defined, much of the courts’ investigation was fairly standard, and determining if a crime had occurred (and how precisely to define it) required three types of evidence: the victim’s own account of the crime, accounts of family and neighbours (ideally but not necessarily witnesses to the crime itself), and physical evidence garnered through examination of the victim’s body. This chapter will examine the collection of forensic evidence in cases involving both unmarried women and young girls, and argue that this evidence was key to the state’s determination of their status and compensation as victims and the penalties of their violators