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Empathy and Lacanian psychoanalysis? A qualitative study
Get PDFIn contrast to other major schools of psychoanalysis, Lacanian psychoanalysis views the concept of empathy with circumspection because as a way of knowing something about the analysand’s experience it is seen to operate in the Imaginary order; that is, empathy from this perspective understands the other’s experience on the basis of one’s own experience, thus colonizing the other’s difference and obscuring the domains of the unconscious and the Real, or that which escapes and resists being symbolized. The present research seeks to critically question and complicate this view of empathy in Lacanian psychoanalysis. Using transcriptions of our qualitative interviews with twelve practicing Lacanian analysts about their views on empathy and what place if any it has in their analytic practice, we conducted a reflexive thematic analysis to discern how empathy may play a number of unacknowledged roles in Lacanian psychoanalysis and/or be used in novel ways that might contribute to the theorizations of empathy within Lacanian as well as other traditions of psychoanalysis. To interpret the analysts’ viewpoints, we used Lacanian discourse theory because it provides an account of how Lacanian analysts listen and intervene in analytic practice. We applied a reflexive thematic analysis to identify four themes: empathy in the imaginary can be harmful, empathy in the imaginary can be helpful, empathy exercised from the analyst’s position in the Symbolic can honor the difference of the analysand, and such an empathy can be attuned towards the Real or the impossible but without claiming to understand
AI That Makes You Think: Designing Systems for Guided Reasoning and Reflection
Get PDFCurrent AI-augmented reasoning systems often optimize decision-making by providing rapid, automated insights. However, this can lead to cognitive overload and over-reliance, undermining human critical thinking. This paper explores how AI can take on the role of a structured reasoning guide rather than a passive assistant by actively shaping cognitive engagement. We propose that AI should strategically introduce guided reflection pauses, scaffold reasoning skills, and track cognitive progress, ensuring users actively engage with reasoning tasks rather than passively consuming AI-generated insights. Our framework adapts principles from intelligent tutoring systems (ITS), ensuring that AI fosters structured problem-solving and metacognitive growth rather than replacing human thought
Consensus Statements—Optimizing Performance of the Elite Athlete
Get PDFThe International Consensus Conference “Optimising Performance of the Elite Athlete,” held in November 2024, brought
together 29 scientists, some coaches, and athletes to establish evidence-based consensus statements aimed at enhancing elite
athletic performance and health. The conference addressed critical themes including training strategies, nutrition, female
athlete considerations, injury management, and emerging technologies. Key conclusions emphasize individualized, sportspecific approaches to training and nutrition, integrating concurrent training modalities to improve endurance, resilience,
and efficiency. Nutrition strategies highlight the importance of tailored energy and macronutrient periodization, recognition
of low energy availability risks, and cautious use of dietary supplements. Special attention was directed to female athletes,
advocating for improved monitoring of menstrual cycles and hormonal status, while acknowledging current knowledge gaps
in hormonal influences on performance and injury risk. Injury prevention remains a challenge, with tendon overuse and Achilles tendon ruptures significantly impacting athlete careers; rehabilitation should rely on criteria-based progression and multidisciplinary input. Emerging technologies, including wearable sensors and multi-omics analyses, hold promise for personalized training and nutrition but require further validation in elite contexts. Despite robust consensus, the panel identified substantial research gaps, particularly regarding female athletes, longitudinal training effects, and efficacy of novel interventions. This consensus provides a practical, scientifically grounded framework to optimize elite athlete performanceand health, while underscoring the need for continued research to address outstanding questions and promote inclusive evidence-based practices
Consensus Statements—Optimizing Performance of the Elite Athlete
Get PDFThe International Consensus Conference “Optimising Performance of the Elite Athlete,” held in November 2024, brought together 29 scientists, some coaches, and athletes to establish evidence-based consensus statements aimed at enhancing elite athletic performance and health. The conference addressed critical themes including training strategies, nutrition, female athlete considerations, injury management, and emerging technologies. Key conclusions emphasize individualized, sportspecific approaches to training and nutrition, integrating concurrent training modalities to improve endurance, resilience, and efficiency. Nutrition strategies highlight the importance of tailored energy and macronutrient periodization, recognition of low energy availability risks, and cautious use of dietary supplements. Special attention was directed to female athletes, advocating for improved monitoring of menstrual cycles and hormonal status, while acknowledging current knowledge gaps in hormonal influences on performance and injury risk. Injury prevention remains a challenge, with tendon overuse and Achilles tendon ruptures significantly impacting athlete careers; rehabilitation should rely on criteria-based progression and multidisciplinary input. Emerging technologies, including wearable sensors and multi-omics analyses, hold promise for personalized training and nutrition but require further validation in elite contexts. Despite robust consensus, the panel identified substantial research gaps, particularly regarding female athletes, longitudinal training effects, and efficacy of novel interventions. This consensus provides a practical, scientifically grounded framework to optimize elite athlete performance and health, while underscoring the need for continued research to address outstanding questions and promote inclusive evidence-based practices
The power of coaching in the professional learning and development of school leaders: an ecological framework and critical insights from a systematic review
Get PDFSchool leadership has been shown to have a profound influence on students’ experiences and outcomes. Following the success of leadership coaching in industry, coaching has started to feature as a mechanism in the professional learning and development of school leaders. However, to date, evidence of how the various elements of coaching are embedded in the professional learning and development of school leaders is limited. To fill the lacuna of research in this area, this study aimed to conduct a systematic literature review of coaching as a form of the professional learning and development of school leaders, based on papers published in peer-reviewed journals between July 2014 and July 2024. The
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used, and the work was framed within Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory. An overview of the concept of coaching and its development in the context of the professional learning and development of school leaders was provided. The methodology used in the study was then described, before the research evidence on coaching in the professional learning and development of school leaders was reported and discussed across five thematic findings, illuminating the factors that may advance the success of coaching as well as those that may
impede it. Gaps in the literature were identified that may inform further research on this important topic
Fighting Sexual Corruption in Public Services: Lessons from Women's Experiences in Brazil
Get PDFThis chapter examines the phenomenon of sexual corruption, where access to public services is conditioned on sexualized compliance. Sexual corruption, which predominantly targets women, imposes a unique violation of personal dignity and autonomy, leaving victims with few avenues for redress due to stigma, institutional disbelief, and fear of retaliation. Drawing on qualitative data from focus groups with women engaged in Brazil's public healthcare system, the chapter explores how sexual corruption operates not as isolated misconduct, but as a structural condition embedded in everyday service delivery. Sexual corruption is shown to thrive across multiple sectorsincluding healthcare, law enforcement, and education-facilitated by systemic impunity and discretionary institutional cultures. Sexual corruption disproportionately affects women from lower-income or peripheral areas, who are perceived as less informed or less protected. The chapter argues for reframing sexual corruption as both a failure of governance and a critical gender justice issue. This framing enables the development of effective anti-corruption policies that move beyond individual punishment to address the institutional cultures that allow sexual corruption to persist
Ionic photofragmentation cross sections of the HS+, H2S+ and HCl+ molecular ions near the 2p threshold
Get PDFThe absolute cross sections for the production of X2+ and X3+ ions following absorption of monochromatised SOLEIL synchrotron radiation by the HX+ hydride molecular ions (X = S, Cl) are presented
as a function of photon energy in the region of the X2p ionisation thresholds (B180 eV and B220 eV for sulphur and chlorine, respectively). The experimental results are interpreted with the help of extensive
ab initio density functional theory (DFT) and post-Hartree–Fock configuration interaction calculations including spin–orbit coupling to compute the absorption oscillator strengths of the X 2p core excitations
to valence and Rydberg states. In order to account for all the experimental features, the calculations must include vibrational dynamics and spin–orbit coupling. Similar experimental data are also presented
for the sulfaniumyl H2S+ molecular ion
Beyond the individual-company: from corporate social responsibilities to corporate social liability
Get PDFPrivate law, into which company law is assimilated, follows two basic models of liability: individual liability, which is the priority model, and organisational liability, which applies in special circumstances. Yet neither of these models map directly on to the fragmented or ‘networked’ structure of transnational value chains. The Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive demonstrates this point. EU legislators attempted to translate the organisationally framed responsibilities set out in the UNGPs into a private law framework. However, in doing so, they reverted to individual liability, the hallmark of national company law, due to, we believe the lack of a clear justification for making individual
companies responsible for their value chain. We argue that addressing the issues raised by transnational value chains requires going beyond this dichotomy and developing a network liability model from within interpersonal law
Risk factors for eating disorder symptoms at 15 years of age: a 9-year longitudinal cohort study
Get PDFEating disorders (EDs) are typically diagnosed in the later stages of puberty, but risk factors for EDs are present in pre-pubertal children. This longitudinal, population-based birth cohort study aimed to examine prospective predictors of eating disorder symptoms in 15-year-olds. Specifically, we sought to test an adapted dual pathway
model of disordered eating aetiology in this group. Participants in the Gateshead Millennium Study birth cohort (n = 326; 187 girls and 175 boys) completed self-report questionnaires assessing eating disorder symptoms and risk factors at ages 7, 9, 12, and 15 years. Measures included body image, depressive symptoms, and pubertal
development; we also measured BMI at each age. The data were fitted to a model of eating disorder symptom development to help us understand the role of puberty, adiposity, body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, and previous eating disorder symptoms. We found that previous eating disorder symptoms were the strongest predictor of eating disorder symptoms at 15, and that depressive symptoms prospectively predicted eating disorder symptoms in girls. We furthermore found that depressive symptoms at 12 partially mediated the relationship between body dissatisfaction at 12 and eating disorder symptoms at 15 in girls. Pubertal development predicted concurrent eating disorder symptoms at 12 in girls but not boys. Overall, our findings support the roles of pubertal development, body dissatisfaction, and depressive symptoms in the pathogenesis of eating disorder symptoms across puberty. They add to growing evidence that there are different pathways to eating disorder
symptoms in girls and boys
Holistic Approach to the Transport Safety Assessment: a Case of Multimodal Transport Ecosystem
Get PDFThis paper explores methodologies, criteria, and frameworks utilized in safety evaluation within multimodal transportations. However, existing
approaches to safety assessment have drawbacks when applied to complex systems, such as multimodal transportation. This includes issues, such as achieving local optimum, managing safety without direct infrastructure ownership, and unifying safety estimates across multiple modes of transport. The safety of these systems relies on both objective conditions and subjective factors aimed at preserving integrity and functionality. Therefore, there’s a need for modeling safety assessments specifically tailored to multimodal freight transportation. This research utilizes mathematical modeling methods to develop an approach for assessing safety, addressing shortcomings of previous studies. The proposed method was applied to an existing multimodal transportation system, demonstrating its potential in evaluating safety levels and optimizing transportation routes