Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
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Study Of Effect Of Load On Springback In Sheet Metal Bending.
No full textSpringback remains a major concern in sheet metal bending in\ud
fabricating any final product within the permissible tolerance. Apart from the geometrical and material parameters, springback is significantly affected by the forming load also and the present study is focused on it. Sheet metal bending process involves large rotation and strain as well as large springback due to elastic recovery of the material. Therefore, a large deformation algorithm based Finite Element software was used to model a typical sheet metal bending process employed in manufacturing cylindrical structures. A Total-Elastic- Incremental-Plastic (TEIP) algorithm has been incorporated in an in-house software to handle large deformation and the elastic\ud
recovery during the unloading process. In addition, experiments have been performed on aluminum, brass, copper and mild steel sheets and substantiated with the FEM analysis
Comparison of Mesh Adaptivity Schemes in Finite Element\ud Simulation of Tube Extrusion Process.
No full textIn this study, finite element simulation of tube extrusion process has been carried out considering different mesh adaptivity schemes. A comparison of these schemes has been made based on stress, strain distribution, and load-stroke curves. Based on the finite element results, it is observed that the success of the computer simulation is dependent on the mesh refinement criteria
Dielectric Behavior of Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene (MAgPP) Modified Sisal Fiber Reinforced PP Composites.
No full textSisal fiber reinforced polypropylene composites having\ud
different weight percent sisal fiber with and without Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAgPP) have been developed by melt mixing method. Dielectric properties such as ε′, tanδ, and a.c. conductivity of sisal fibers reinforced polypropylene composites with and without MAgPP have\ud
been determined. Dielectric constant, tan δ, and a.c. conductivity increases with increase in temperature at different frequencies. 10 wt% sisal fiber addition to PP gave two tanδ peaks. First peak appears at 90°C, which is\ud
similar to 5 wt% sisal fiber PP composite. Another peak appears at 105°C, which is due to the sisal fiber. MAgPP addition to sisal-PP composite suppresses the first 90°C peak. There is a peak that appears at 123°C, 126°C,\ud
135°C, and 140°C in 1 phr (parts per hundred) MAgPP added sisal-PP composite. On adding 2 phr maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MagPP) to 5wt% sisal-PP composite the peak appears at 125°C, 128°C, 132°C, and 135°C. Peak is shifted to higher temperature side due to the improved bonding between the sisal fiber and PP matrix. The relaxation\ud
time values calculated at 70°C for sisal fiber/PP composites with and without MAgPP show that addition of sisal fiber decreases the relaxation time due to shortening of PP chains. Addition of low concentration of coupling agent increased the relaxation time and further increase of MAgPP concentration decreased the relaxation time value, increase is due to increased bonding between sisal fiber and polypropylene chains. Better bonding between fiber and polypropylene would have created hindrance in the\ud
movement of the dipoles, which would have increased the relaxation time
Development and Sliding Wear Behavior of Milled Carbon Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Gradient Composites
No full textMilled carbon fibre reinforced epoxy gradient composites were developed at different centrifugation speeds having 3 wt% of milled carbon fibre. Composites were also prepared at different RPMs. There is a gradient formation at all the speeds, which has been confirmed by variation in density of different zones. Highest rpm centrifuged sample gave best wear resistance as compared to others up to transition zone, i.e. 7.0 mm from outer most side. After transition zone, wear resistance suddenly decreased. This is because maximum compaction of milled carbon fibres occurred at outer most surface at 1100 rpm, which has been confirmed by observing the worn microstructure of composite. Sample prepared at 900 rpm after the transition zone shows maximum wear resistance due to the presence of more number of carbon fibres. In the worn microstructure flower formation as occurred at few places, after sliding where a few milled carbon fibres segregated in the composite due to minimum energy consideration
Synergic effect of reinforcement and heat treatment on the two body abrasive wear of an Al- Si alloy under verying loads and abrasive sizes.
No full textIn the present study, an attempt was made to examine the synergic effect of SiC particle reinforcement and heat treatment on the two body abrasive wear behavior of an Al–Si alloy (BS: LM13) under varying loads and abrasive sizes. Silicon carbide particles with size 50–80 μm were reinforced in Al–Si alloy, in varying concentration (10 wt% and 15 wt%), by solidification process (vortex technique) and the composite melt was solidified by gravity casting in a cast iron die. The alloy and composites were solution treated at 495 °C for 8 h, quenched in water and aged at 175 °C for 6 h and cooled in air. Two body abrasive wear behaviour of cast and heat-treated alloy and composite, was examined against abrasives of different sizes (40 μm, 60 μm and 80 μm), at varying applied loads (1 N, 3 N, 5 N and 7 N), up to a sliding distance of 108 m. It has been noted that the alloy suffers from higher wear rate than that of composites either in cast or heat-treated conditions, irrespective of applied load and abrasive size. Further, in most of the cases, the wear rate of composite decreases with increase in SiC particle content. Efforts were made to correlate wear behavior of Al alloy and composites in terms of mechanical properties, microstructural characteristics, applied load and abrasive size through an empirical equation
Plant fiber-industrial waste reinforced polymer composites as a potential wood substitute material.
No full textThis investigation deals with the property characterization and\ud
utilization of abundantly available and renewable resources of plant fibers such as\ud
jute and sisal. These plant fibers along with industrial wastes (fly ash and red mud)\ud
have been used for synthesizing value added composite materials. Relevant\ud
engineering properties such as physical and mechanical, resistance to abrasive wear,\ud
weathering and fire, etc., of the plant fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites so\ud
synthesized were characterized. The characteristics of conventional wood and other\ud
commercially available potential candidate building materials were also compared to\ud
assess the application potential of the newly developed materials vis-a-vis their\ud
conventional counterparts. The study reveals that the developed polymer–natural\ud
fiber–industrial (inorganic) waste composites attain far superior mechanical properties and resistance to abrasive wear, fire, water absorption, weathering, and chemical\ud
attack, as compared to their conventional counterparts such as wood, medium\ud
density fibre (MDF) boards, particle board, etc. The versatile material system so\ud
developed has potential for wood substitute applications like door shutters, flooring\ud
tiles, roofing sheets, partitions, etc., and is envisaged to significantly contribute\ud
towards forest conservation and environmental protection. The study strongly\ud
suggests that the newly developed plant fiber and/or industrial waste reinforced\ud
polymer composite materials are quite capable to serve as a potential cost and energy\ud
effective, technologically viable, and attractive substitute to the conventionally used\ud
wood and other identical materials. The study gains significance from the fact that\ud
earlier investigators have focussed their attention mainly towards exploring the use\ud
of chopped (sisal), and textile (jute) composites for different engineering applications\ud
including building while the present study examines the suitability of abundantly\ud
available natural fibers such as sisal and jute in the presence of otherwise harmful\ud
industrial wastes like red mud and fly ash for synthesizing polymer-based\ud
composites. This is followed by assessing the potential of the developed composite\ud
materials as a cost and energy effective wood substitute for building applications
Sliding Wear Response of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron as influenced by Applied Pressure, Sliding Speed and Test Environment
No full textThe present investigation pertains to the sliding wear response of spheroidal graphite (SG) cast iron in varying test conditions. The wear rate increased with pressure in general while sliding speed produced a mixed influence. Dry sliding caused the highest wear rate followed by one in oil and oil plus graphite lubricated conditions. The severity of frictional heating increased with pressure and speed. The\ud
influence of test environment on frictional heating was practically similar to that on wear rate. The operating wear mechanisms were observed to be adhesion associated with smearing of graphite particles and lubricating film formation. Microcracking also contributed to material removal, its severity being the highest in dry condition
Investigations on d.c. conductivity behaviour of milled carbon fibre reinforced epoxy graded composites.
No full textAA2014 Al alloy specimens (in the form of plates) have been shot peened to varying intensity levels (0.14 to 0.48 mm ALMEN ‘N’) and the effect of shot peening intensity on the subsurface plastic deformation, surface and subsurface residual stress field, depth of peening and microstructure evolution has been investigated. The influence of shot peening intensity on the high stress abrasive wear behaviour has also been investigated. The wear rate reduced significantly due to mild shot peening. Intensive shot peening did not lead to any significant improvement in wear resistance, rather beyond a critical peening intensity, the wear resistance of material starts deteriorating