Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
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Cast In-Situ Cu-TiC Composites: Synthesis by SHS Route and Characterization.
No full textThe present investigation discusses observations pertaining to the synthesis of Cu-based composites containing TiC particles in the range of 45–50 volume % by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) process. A composite with 11–13 volume % TiC dispersion was also synthesized through remelting and dilution. The composites were observed to contain a copper matrix together with a Cu–Ti intermetallic\ud
compound, TiC dispersoid particles and partially reacted graphite. The regions showing partially reacted graphite (carbon) became less prominent in the diluted omposites. Al addition led to the refinement of TiC particles, higher hardness, reduced density and improved degree of formation and better homogeneity of the distribution of TiC particles. Dilution caused reduced hardness, while the density followed a reverse trend
Synthesis of nano-TiC powder using titanium gel precursor and carbon particles
No full textThe paper presents a novel process for synthesis of nano-size titanium carbide by reaction between titanium bearing precursor gel and nano carbon particles derived from soot at different temperatures in the range of 1300–1580 °C for 2 h under argon cover. The HRTEM studies of TiC powder synthesized by heating at 1580 °C show the presence of cube shaped particles (~ 60–140 nm) and hollow rods (diameter ~ 30–185 nm). The average particle size of crystallites, calculated by Scherer equation is observed to be ~ 35 nm while the surface area–density measurements indicate it to be ~ 113 nm. The surface area decreases with increase in reaction temperatur
Modeling the Adsorption Kinetics of Divalent Metal Ions onto Pyrophyllite Using the Integral Method
No full textThe adsorption system was modeled and simulated to predict kinetic parameters for the adsorption of metal\ud
cations (lead, copper, and zinc) onto pyrophyllite, a low-cost adsorbent. The developed nonlinear sorption\ud
kinetic (NSK) mathematical model was solved using numerical integration (trapezoidal method), the gradient\ud
descent method, and least-squares analysis. It was based on application of the Freundlich isotherm to mass\ud
transfer across the film surrounding the adsorbent. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out for cation\ud
concentrations varying from 5.0 to 100.0 mg L-1\ud
. Code was developed in C language both for numerically\ud
integrating the model equation and for obtaining the best simulated values of the Freundlich constants, K and\ud
N; the order of reaction, n; and the film transfer coefficient, R. The model was sensitive to parameters R, n,\ud
and N, whereas it is insensitive to K. The values of parameters N, n, and R lie in the ranges of 0.185-2.06,\ud
0.943-1.341, and 0.009-0.113 [(L/mg)n-1\ud
min-1\ud
], respectively, under different experimental conditions
Cast in situ Cu-TiC composites: Synthesis by SHS route and characterization.
No full textThe present investigation discusses observations pertaining to the synthesis of Cu-based composites containing TiC particles in the range of 45–50 volume % by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) process. A composite with 11–13 volume % TiC dispersion was also synthesized through remelting and dilution. The composites were observed to contain a copper matrix together with a Cu–Ti intermetallic compound, TiC dispersoid particles and partially reacted graphite. The regions showing partially reacted graphite (carbon) became less prominent in the diluted composites. Al addition led to the refinement of TiC particles, higher hardness, reduced density and improved degree of formation and better homogeneity of the distribution of TiC particles. Dilution caused reduced hardness, while the density followed a reverse trend
Pitting Resistance of Nano-Structured Sol-Gel Alumina Coatings in Chloride Containing Acidic Environment
No full textSol–gel coatings were applied on AISI 304L stainless steel and their pitting resistance was evaluated in different concentrations of chloride ions in 0.01 M H2SO4 solution. AFM and XRD analyses of the coated surface confirmed the presence of nano structured α-alumina phase in the coating. Anodic polarisation indicated a considerable shift of pitting potential of the substrate in the noble direction after applying coatings. The SEM micrographs of the polarised specimens revealed the presence of relatively less number of pits on the coated surface. EIS analysis demonstrated the occurrence of diffusion process at the coating/metal interfaces in chloride ions presence
Process and Die Profile Design for Tube Extrusion of g Iron
No full textThis study is related to material modeling and die and process design of tube extrusion of γ iron. Strain dependent rate power law is used for material modeling whose coefficients are arrived at through genetic algorithm (GA). Die profile of the tube extrusion process is optimized to produce microstructurally sound product at maximum production speed and minimum left out material in the die. The design problem is formulated as a nonlinear programming problem which is solved using GA. Selection of the processing parameters is carried out using dynamic material modeling (DMM). Using this approach tube extrusion process of γ iron is successfully designed
Influence of MA-g-PP on Abrasive Wear Behaviour of Chopped Sisal Fibre Reinforced PP Composites
No full textIn this paper, chopped sisal fibre reinforced polypropylene composites with and without maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MA-g-PP) were developed. Different amounts of MA-g-PP, e.g. 1, 2 and 5-wt% were added to modify the composites. Abrasive wear and mechanical properties of sisal fibre reinforced polypropylene composites were determined. Addition of MA-g-PP improved the mechanical properties of the composite. Effects of MA-g-PP coupling agent, sliding distance and load on abrasive wear behaviour of sisal fibre reinforced PP composites were studied by using a SUGA abrasion tester. Addition of MA-g-PP coupling agent has significantly influenced the wear resistance of sisal fibre reinforced PP composites. It is observed in chopped sisal fibre reinforced polypropylene composite that initially at low loads (i.e. 1 N and 3 N), sample having 1-wt% MA-g-PP exhibited maximum wear resistance but at higher applied loads (i.e. 5 N and 7 N), sample having 2-wt% MA-g-PP offered maximum wear resistance. The higher concentration of MA-g-PP, i.e. 5-wt% has increased the internal slippage of chain molecules, leading to lowering the wear resistance of composite. Worn and fractured surfaces were analyzed and discussed using SEM
Dry sliding wear behaviour of aluminum syntactic foam
No full textDry sliding wear behaviour of cenosphere reinforced aluminum syntactic foam having density of 1.9 g/cc (around 30% porosity) has been studied using a pin-on-disc apparatus at load range of 1–5 kg and sliding velocity of 2–4 m/s. Coefficient of friction and wear rate of the syntactic foam has been compared with that of 10 wt% SiC reinforced aluminum composite. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to characterize the microstructure and the worn surface for examining the wear mechanism. The craters on the\ud
specimen surface due to presence of cenosphere play important role in the wear process
Removal of lead from aqueous solution by hybrid precursor prepared by rice hull
No full textUse of low-cost hybrid precursor, prepared from rice hull has been studied as a sorbent for the removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions. Effect of contact time, initial concentration, pH and temperature has been studied. The effect of temperature (30, 40, 50 and 60 degrees C) on adsorption phenomena has been studied and data have been analyzed using Langmuir isotherm. The change in enthalpy (Delta H) (-14.6179 kJ/mol), free energy (Delta G) and entropy (DeltaS) has also been evaluated. The negative values of Delta G and Delta H indicate the adsorption of lead ions on the surface of hybrid precursor to be spontaneous and exothermic under the experimental conditio
