Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
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Performance evaluation of an effluent treatment plant for a pulp & paper mill.
No full textMonitoring and performance evaluation studies were carried out for an effluent treatment plant of a pulp and paper mill located in central part of India. The paper presents the characteristics of wastewater from different units of effluent treatment plant (ETP). Effluent samples from different locations of ETP area including combined treated effluent and river water samples were collected at monthly interval and analyzed for detailed physico-chemical and biological parameters for a period of ten months. The pH of raw as well as treated effluent indicates its neutral nature. The BOD, COD and suspended solids in treated effluents were reduced significantly, whereas very small reduction was observed in dissolved solids and chlorides in treated effluents in comparison to raw effluents. Most of the parameters of combined effluent were well within the permissible limits of Central Pollution Control Board, India. Recommendations were given to increase the efficiency of ETP
Influence of SiC Particle Addition on the Corrosion Behaviour of 2014 Al-Cu Alloy in 3.5% NaCl Solution
No full textThe influence of silicon carbide particles (SiCp) addition on the corrosion behavior of Al–Cu alloy (2014) was evaluated in 3.5% NaCl solution at 30 °C using microstrucural and electrochemical measurements. Addition of 10 wt.% SiCp to the base alloy is found to increase its corrosion resistance considerably. Incorporation of SiCp beyond this proportion leads to an increase in corrosion rate of the synthesized composites. Addition of 25 wt.% SiCp to base alloy decreases corrosion resistances considerably. Microstructural studies reveal the agglomeration of SiC particles in the composites. This results an increase of corrosion reaction with the increase of SiC particles in the composites. EIS measurement indicates the occurrence of adsorption/diffusion phenomena at the interfaces of the composites that ultimately initiate the localized or pitting corrosion
Characterization of Corrosion Resistance Properties of Sol-Gel Alumina Coating in Mine Water Environment
No full textSol-gel alumina coating was developed on mild steel surface by using dip coating technique. Prior to the sol-gel coating, the substrate was treated with zinc-phosphating solution to improve the bonding of the coating. The corrosion resistance properties of the sol-gel alumina coated, uncoated and surface pre-treated substrates were evaluated in an artificial mine water solution. Electrochemical measurements like OCP variation with time, partial polarisation and electrochemical impedance analysis were carried out to evaluate corrosion resistance properties of the coatings. The microstructure and compositional analysis of the sol-gel coated specimens were investigated by SEM and XRD, respectively. The experimental results exhibited a significant improvement in the corrosion resistance of the sol-gel coated specimens as compared to the uncoated and surface pre-treated specimens. The SEM micrographs showed the presence of a compact coating of thickness 20 micron (approx). The XRD spectrum of the sol-gel coated specimens suggested the presence of -alumina phase in the coating
Influence of Fibre Orientation on Friction and Sliding Wear Behaviour of Jute Fibre Reinforced Polyester Composite
No full textJute fibre reinforced polyester composites were developed and characterized for friction and sliding wear properties. Effect of fibre orientation and applied load on tribological behaviour of jute fibre reinforced polyester composites were determined. It is found that wear resistance was maximum in TT sample, where fibres were normal to sliding direction. Wear rate under sliding mode follows this trend; WTT < WLT <WLL LL sample showed higher capability to sustain the load whereas lowest wear resistance found in this case. The coefficient of friction found highest for TT sample and lowest for LT sample. The coefficient of friction decreased with increase of applied load. Worn surfaces were analysed and discussed with the help of SEM
Discoloration of Rhodamine B dyeing wastewater by\ud schorl-catalyzed Fenton-like reaction
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Corrosion Behaviour of Nano-Structured Sol-Gel Alumina Coated 9Cr-1Mo Ferritic Steel in Chloride Bearing Environment
No full textA stable boehmite sol was synthesized using Al-isopropoxide as a precursor in an appropriate ratio with water. Afterwards, the 9Cr–1Mo steel specimens were coated with prepared boehmite sol by dip coating technique. AFM analysis of the coated specimens confirmed the presence of nano sized particles (8–12 nm) in the coating. Electrochemical measurements like potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarisations, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in different concentrations of Cl− ions indicated that the sol-gel alumina coating is able to make an appreciable improvement in the corrosion resistance of the base alloy. It was also observed that the sol-gel coatings can control the pitting attack up to a certain extent in 100 ppm Cl− containing solution. However, the coatings become susceptible towards pitting attack in 200 ppm Cl− bearing solution. The SEM micrographs of the corroded surfaces revealed the occurrence of severe pitting on the uncoated specimens in 100 ppm Cl− solution and also on the coated specimen in 200 ppm Cl− solution
Modelling the Adsorption Kinetics of Divalent Metal Ions onto Pyrophyllite Using the Integral Method
No full textThe adsorption system was modeled and simulated to predict kinetic parameters for the adsorption of metal cations (lead, copper, and zinc) onto pyrophyllite, a low-cost adsorbent. The developed nonlinear sorption kinetic (NSK) mathematical model was solved using numerical integration (trapezoidal method), the gradient descent method, and least-squares analysis. It was based on application of the Freundlich isotherm to mass transfer across the film surrounding the adsorbent. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out for cation concentrations varying from 5.0 to 100.0 mg L−1. Code was developed in C language both for numerically integrating the model equation and for obtaining the best simulated values of the Freundlich constants, K and N; the order of reaction, n; and the film transfer coefficient, α. The model was sensitive to parameters α, n, and N, whereas it is insensitive to K. The values of parameters N, n, and α lie in the ranges of 0.185−2.06, 0.943−1.341, and 0.009−0.113 [(L/mg)n−1 min−1], respectively, under different experimental conditions
Copper Alginate-Cotton Cellulose (CACC) Fibers with Excellent Antibacterial Properties
No full textThe present work describes synthesis of copper \ud
alginate-cotton cellulose (CACC) composite fibers \ud
and detailed investigation of antimicrobial action \ud
against the model bacteria E.coli. The CACC fibers \ud
were prepared by immersing cotton fibers in aqueous \ud
solution of sodium alginate, followed by ionic \ud
crosslinking of alginate chains within the cotton \ud
cellulose fibers with Cu(II) ions to yield CACC \ud
composite fibers. The resulting CACC fibers were \ud
investigated for their biocidal action against E.coli, \ud
by using zone inhibition and colonies counting \ud
method. Finally, CACC fibers were reduced with \ud
sodium borohydride to yield copper nanoparticles- \ud
loaded composite fibers and investigated for biocidal \ud
action. It was found that CACC fibers possessed \ud
both, the fair mechanical strength and antibacterial \ud
action. The extent of biocidal action was found to \ud
depend upon the amount of Cu(II) loaded and \ud
concentration of alginate into cotton- cellulose fibers. \ud
The fibers showed higher Cu(II) release in \ud
physiological fluid as compared to distilled water. \ud
Copper alginate-cotton cellulose (CACC) fibers show \ud
fair mechanical strength and release copper ions in \ud
the presence of physiological fluid and protein \ud
solution. These fibers have great potential to be used \ud
as dressing materials. \u