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Age Related Macular Degeneration
Get PDFThis paper is a literature review on the subject Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) with a focus on its etiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. AMD is the leading cause of severe and irreversible central vision loss in in individuals over the age of 55. There are two subtypes of AMD referred to as dry and wet respectively. The etiology of this disease is multifactorial and complex, with no hallmark of disease definitively identified. The distinct pathophysiological features differing in dry and wet AMD are explored in this review as well as its diagnosis and treatment. This disease is primarily untreatable, other than stabilizing wet AMD. Although untreatable there are methods of slowing the progression of AMD. These methods are also explored in this review. The final portion of this paper features a “Patient Focus” section in which the disease is humanized via an interview with an Optometrist who regular treats patients with AMD
Oxygen Deprivation Masks for Training
Get PDFOxygen deprivation masks are being advertised towards athletes as a piece of fitness equipment that can simulate the effects of high altitude, as well as a respiratory muscle training device. Studies that investigated the claims as to whether ODMs increased VO2max and improved endurance were looked into. Experimental data did not find that the use of these masks increased VO2max, nor was there any supporting data to prove that it improved endurance. The function of ODMs as a training tool to increase respiratory muscle strength was also examined. There were contradicting results between the three different studies examined. One study found that ODMs did not show any improvement in respiratory muscle strength as participants in the ODM group perceived breathing efforts as higher, which can be seen as an indicator for weak muscular strength. In the second study, researchers found that participants in the ODM group had increased contraction of respiratory muscles and higher maximal voluntary ventilation than the control group which indicates stronger respiratory muscles. The final study found that the use of ODMs did not lead to any statistical significance in a 5-kilometer run, nor did it significantly increase diaphragm thickness which is associated with diaphragm strength. To conclude this paper, the claims made by oxygen deprivation masks with regard to increasing VO2max and improving endurance are incorrect. Claims that oxygen deprivation masks increase respiratory muscular strength are inconclusive, however, there is more data that indicates ODMs do not increase strength. It should be noted that the type of physical activity used for training, flow rate of oxygen, and period of training time all varied and should be considered when analyzing the findings
APPC Minutes - October 25, 2022
No full textMinutes of the Academic Policy and Program Committee Meeting, October 25, 2022
Responses to Validating Versus Reframing Support Strategies as a Function of Borderline Personality Features and Interpersonal Problems
Get PDFWe examined whether borderline personality features may be differentially associated with reactions to social support strategies involving validation (acknowledging distress as normal) vs. reframing (highlighting opportunities for positive outcomes). After completing self-report measures of their borderline personality features and interpersonal problems, participants rated their reactions to receiving either validation or reframing support (randomly assigned) from a close friend with whom they imagined sharing hypothetical negative experiences. Borderline personality features were associated with less positive responses to reframing than to validation, and a tendency to interpret reframing support as an assertion of dominance. Moderated mediation analyses further showed that associations between borderline features and negative responses to reframing support were specifically explained by hostile-dominant interpersonal problems. Findings highlight the importance of validation to help individuals high in borderline features experience the emotional benefits of social support
SNAPSHOT USA 2020: A Second Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textManaging wildlife populations in the face of global change requires regular data on the abundance and distribution of wild animals, but acquiring these over appropriate spatial scales in a sustainable way has proven challenging. Here we present the data from Snapshot USA 2020, a second annual national mammal survey of the USA. This project involved 152 scientists setting camera traps in a standardized protocol at 1485 locations across 103 arrays in 43 states for a total of 52,710 trap-nights of survey effort. Most (58) of these arrays were also sampled during the same months (September and October) in 2019, providing a direct comparison of animal populations in 2 years that includes data from both during and before the COVID-19 pandemic. All data were managed by the eMammal system, with all species identifications checked by at least two reviewers. In total, we recorded 117,415 detections of 78 species of wild mammals, 9236 detections of at least 43 species of birds, 15,851 detections of six domestic animals and 23,825 detections of humans or their vehicles. Spatial differences across arrays explained more variation in the relative abundance than temporal variation across years for all 38 species modeled, although there are examples of significant site-level differences among years for many species. Temporal results show how species allocate their time and can be used to study species interactions, including between humans and wildlife. These data provide a snapshot of the mammal community of the USA for 2020 and will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, and the impacts of species interactions on daily activity patterns. There are no copyright restrictions, and please cite this paper when using these data, or a subset of these data, for publication
Criminal Justice Update - May 2022
Get PDFThe Criminal Justice Update is a monthly newsletter created by the Adams County Bar Foundation Fellow providing updates in criminal justice policy coming from Pennsylvania\u27s courts and legislature as well as the US Supreme Court.
Contents: Updates from PA Governor\u27s Office Updates from the PA Legislature (No new updates this month) Updates from the Courts U.S. Supreme Court PA Supreme Court PA Superior Cour
Criminal Justice Update - July 2022
Get PDFThe Criminal Justice Update is a monthly newsletter created by the Adams County Bar Foundation Fellow providing updates in criminal justice policy coming from Pennsylvania\u27s courts and legislature as well as the US Supreme Court.
Contents: Updates from PA Governor\u27s Office (No new updates this month) Updates from the PA Legislature Updates from the Courts U.S. Supreme Court (No new updates this month) PA Supreme Court PA Superior Cour
Open Textbooks: Access, Affordability, Inclusion, and Academic Success
Get PDFAre you curious about how a textbook choice can influence students’ sense of belonging and their academic success?
Open textbooks are full, real textbooks used by many professors here at Gettysburg and across the U.S. They are completely free to access online and also free of most copyright restrictions, meaning it’s legal to copy, share, edit, mix, keep and use those materials. Adopting an open textbook ensures that all students have immediate access to a zero-cost book and provides faculty 100% control over their learning materials. Attend this workshop to learn more about how an open textbook may align with your learning goals and commitment to inclusion and belonging.
After the workshop, participants will be invited to write a short review of an open textbook they might assign in a course (please note: open textbooks are not available for all subjects). Your review will be shared in the Open Textbook Library so it may benefit other faculty considering open textbooks
Brown Fat in Humans: The Significance of Thermogenic Active Tissue
Get PDFBrown adipose tissue is a metabolically active form of fat in the body that performs a crucial function in non-shivering thermogenesis. It can be compared to the prevalent white adipose tissue which is generally understood to be energy storage in the body, with brown tissue performing an opposing role. The tissue itself contains unique gene and protein markers such as uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) which allows for the thermogenic process inside the cell, burning lipids to do so. These gene and protein markers have proven to be crucial in the detection of brown adipose tissue, which had previously been thought to be lost in humans after early childhood. Activation and proliferation of brown adipose tissue has been linked with acute and chronic cold exposure, diet, obesity, age, and more. Ways to increase or monitor this are of considerable interest to the field of obesity studies. Insight into brown adipose tissue corresponds to insights into further energy expenditure processes in the body in areas such as muscles, potentially offering a wide variety of therapeutic options for obesity treatment
Extreme Exposure to Cold: A Method to Enhance Physical Wellness and Recovery
Get PDFThis paper reviews the current literature on Cryotherapy and its ability to enhance physical wellness and recovery. The paper details the proposed mechanisms of Cryotherapy as well as its various clinical applications regarding the treatment of numerous diseases and physical exercise recovery. The paper also details the possible limitations/detrimental effects of Cryotherapy usage