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APPC Minutes - April 18, 2023
No full textMinutes of the Academic Policy and Program Committee Meeting, April 18, 2023
Criminal Justice Update - October 2023
Get PDFThe Criminal Justice Update is a monthly newsletter created by the Adams County Bar Foundation Fellow providing updates in criminal justice policy coming from Pennsylvania\u27s courts and legislature as well as the US Supreme Court.
Contents: Updates from PA Governor\u27s Office (no updates this month) Updates from the PA Legislature: Criminal Law and Procedure Updates from the Courts U.S. Supreme Court (no updates this month) PA Supreme Court PA Superior Cour
Unvaxxed and Unafraid: Unvaccinated Americans Perceive Less Disease Risk Than Do Vaccinated Americans
Get PDFIs disease risk perception accurately calibrated among the unvaccinated? People shift their attitudes to rationalize their choices, so those who choose to be unvaccinated may be motivated to feel less at risk. In three studies (total N = 1446), we asked Americans how worried they were about catching/spreading influenza and COVID-19 and whether they were vaccinated against those diseases. Unvaccinated participants felt less at risk of catching/spreading the diseases they were unvaccinated against than vaccinated participants. For instance, unvaccinated participants felt ∼24% less at risk of catching/spreading COVID-19 and had ∼28% stronger intention to engage in activities that carried a high risk of COVID-19 transmission (Study 3). Overall, those who choose to be the most vulnerable to disease feel and act the least vulnerable
Gendered STEM Beliefs and Major Choice
Get PDFBeliefs and expectations about who can and should pursue STEM careers contribute to a student’s sense of STEM identity and may help to explain the gender gap in pursuing STEM in higher education. The formation of these beliefs is a long and complex process, starting very early on in an individual’s life. We analyze how gendered STEM beliefs of students, parents, and teachers in ninth grade affect a female student’s probability of majoring in STEM in college. We add to an analysis done by Sansone (2019) in an appendix of his paper by using actual majors instead of intended majors. We slightly alter Sansone’s model and find a positive effect of beliefs in female superiority in science, both at the student and teacher level
Battling History: A Discussion of How Controlling Images and the Matrix of Domination Causes Recreations of Oppression Affecting Black Female Athletes in Gymnastics Today
Get PDFThe history of the slave era led to the creation of several different tropes of African American women used throughout history including the jezebel and the strong Black woman. Coupled with the matrix of domination, researchers are able to understand how this history has led to recreations of oppression among Black female athletes. This has been particularly evident among the sport of gymnastics in which several athletes have experienced severe oppression, which in many cases, has prevented them from speaking up about other serious concerns within their sport such as sexual assault and mental health. The creation of tropes for Black females, coupled with the matrix of domination, have contributed to the reproduction of oppression among Black female gymnasts
Care and the Funny Business of Unsettling Land Acknowledgements
Get PDFThis article points to the “funny business” that invariably accompanies the practice of land acknowledgments. By highlighting the idea of “funny business,” we illuminate its double entrendre – its humor as well as the smoke and mirrors of what The Care Collective ([2020]. The care manifesto: The politics of interdependence. Verso.) describes as “carewashing,” communication strategies designed to proffer a sense of concern, while all the while continuing exploitative practices that deny and obstruct these very concerns. We meld humor with seriousness to interrogate land acknowledgments, expose the perplexing dilemmas of Indigenous and colonial contexts, and push past to work towards responsible relationality between Indigenous communities and settler institutions
Self-Compassion and Women\u27s Experience of Social Media Content Portraying Body Positivity and Appearance Ideals
No full textIn two experiments, we compared the effects of viewing randomly assigned Instagram posts featuring body-positive, appearance-ideal, or appearance-neutral content on young women\u27s self-compassion. In each experiment, we considered trait self-compassion and disordered eating symptoms as potential moderators of these effects, and considered self-evaluative and self-comparative thoughts as potential mediators. In Study 1, participants (N = 142) viewed body-positive body photos, body-positive quotes, fitspiration body photos, or landscapes. In Study 2, participants (N = 105) viewed photos of the same individuals’ faces with or without makeup, or landscapes. As predicted, viewing content consistent with appearance ideals (fitspiration bodies and makeup faces) had significant detrimental effects on state self-compassion and thoughts about the self, relative to viewing body-positive content (body-positive bodies, body-positive quotes, and no-makeup faces) or appearance-neutral content (landscapes), especially among participants with low trait self-compassion or high disordered eating symptoms. We also found that relative to viewing landscapes, exposure to body-positive content increased state self-compassion and had no observed detrimental effects, even among participants low in trait self-compassion or high in disordered eating symptoms. Furthermore, the negative effects of exposure to appearance ideals for state self-compassion were mediated by more self-critical thoughts and unfavorable self-comparisons, while the benefits of viewing body-positive content were mediated by more self-affirming thoughts. Our results extend previous research on the psychological effects of body-focused media by further considering self-compassion as a relevant outcome variable and moderator
A Novel Subcluster of Closely Related Bacillus Phages with Distinct Tail Fiber/Lysin Gene Combinations
Get PDFBacteriophages (phages) are the most numerous entities on Earth, but we have only scratched the surface of describing phage diversity. We isolated seven Bacillus subtilis phages from desert soil in the southwest United States and then sequenced and characterized their genomes. Comparative analyses revealed high nucleotide and amino acid similarity between these seven phages, which constitute a novel subcluster. Interestingly, the tail fiber and lysin genes of these phages seem to come from different origins and carry out slightly different functions. These genes were likely acquired by this subcluster of phages via horizontal gene transfer. In conjunction with host range assays, our data suggest that these phages are adapting to hosts with different cell walls