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Sororities at Gettysburg College During the Haaland Era, 1990-2004
Get PDFFrom 1990 to 2004, Gettysburg College’s Greek system dominated student social life and, due to its prominence (and notoriety), attracted the attention of not only students but also faculty and administration during the era of President Gordon A. Haaland. Although fraternities were often the more influential and problematic Greek organizations on campus, Gettysburg’s sororities played a major role in the lives of female students -- offering women a chance to join a community of other women, participate in philanthropy events, and engage in Greek social life. Throughout the Haaland era, Gettysburg’s sororities consisted of a combination of Sigma Kappa, Alpha Xi Delta, Alpha Delta Pi, Chi Omega, Delta Gamma, Gamma Phi Beta, and Sigma Sigma Sigma. During the 14 years, some of these sororities were added, some disappeared, and all witnessed a reduction in membership by the end of Haaland’s presidency. Some sororities had more problematic reputations than others or hazed new members, but sororities were not often perceived as negatively as fraternities were by college faculty and administration -- primarily due to sororities’ lack of chapter houses. Nevertheless, sororities experienced the same administrative changes to Greek life that their male counterparts did, including three shifts in rush/pledge program timing. Beyond these broad changes, other transformations during the Haaland era were more specific to sororities, including the creation of new chapter rooms and the adoption of No Frills Rush
Expansion and Acquisition: The Built Environment Under Gettysburg College President, Gordon Haaland, 1990 to 2004
Get PDFGordon Haaland presided over Gettysburg College from 1990 to 2004. His goals included improving the national status of the college by increasing the student body, developing the academic departments, and creating a dynamic campus community. This paper outlines Haaland\u27s attempts to fulfill these goals through a plethora of construction projects, ranging from building a state of the art science center and extensively renovating a historic theater, to updating dormitories and revitalizing the appearance of campus. Some of the construction included projects that were planned under the previous president and carried out by Haaland, as well as scandals that accompanied these efforts. In addition, the paper covers the fundraising and planning processes, as well as the campus and community reactions to the building projects. Ultimately, this paper weighs the successes and challenges of Haaland\u27s construction plans during his highly productive presidency
Risk, Creative Labor, and the Integrative Jazz-Film: Producing the Improvised Soundtracks of Birdman and Afterglow
No full textImprovised film soundtrack production is rare, influenced by the film industry\u27s general risk-aversion. This article examines the behind-the-scenes production of two unique improvised scores: Antonio Sanchez’s jazz percussion score for Birdman (2014); and jazz trumpeter Mark Isham’s soundtrack for Afterglow (1997), illustrating how improvised film scores can shatter conventional scoring production methods, as well as generate opportunities for new creative directions in both jazz and film
Societal Rather than Governmental Change: Religious Discrimination in Muslim-Majority Countries after the Arab Uprisings
Get PDFThis study examines shifts in governmental religion policy and societal discrimination against religious minorities in Muslim-Majority states after the Arab Uprisings by using the Religion and State round 3 (RAS3) dataset for the years 2009-2014 and by focusing on 49 Muslim-majority countries and territories. We build on threads of literature on religious pluralism in transitional societies to explain the changes in governmental religion policy and societal discrimination against religious minorities after the Arab Uprisings. This literature predicts a rise in all forms of discrimination in Arab Uprising states as compared to other Muslim-majority states, and an even more significant rise in societal religious discrimination since societal behavior can change more quickly than government policy, especially at times of transition. The results partially conform to these predictions. There was no significant difference in the shifts in governmental religion policy between Arab Uprising and other Muslim-Majority states, but societal religious discrimination increased substantially in Arab Uprising states as compared to non-Arab Uprising states. Understanding the nature of religion policies and religious discrimination provides further opportunities to unveil the dynamics of regional politics as well as conflict prevention in the region
What is a Viola?
Get PDFA viola is a string instrument similar to a violin but larger in size,
producing a deeper sound to compliment the arrangement.
Two curled holes, allowing some light inside
the hallowed body, just delicate enough to float,
perched under the chin of its commander. [excerpt
Mixed Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning in the Game of Clue
No full textWe describe a means of mixed logical and probabilistic reasoning with knowledge in the popular game Clue. Using pseudo-Boolean constraints we call at-least constraints, we more efficiently represent cardinality constraints on Clue card deal knowledge, perform more general constraint satisfaction in order to determine places where cards provably are or are not, and then employ a WalkSAT-based solution sampling algorithm with a tabu search metaheuristic in order to estimate the probabilities of unknown card places. Finding a tradeoff between WalkSAT-heuristic efficiency in finding solution samples and the sampling bias such a heuristic introduces, we empirically study algorithmic variations in order to learn how such sampling error may be reduced
Cardiovascular, Neuromuscular, and Immune Responses and Adaptations to Blood Flow Restriction Training (BFR)
Get PDFBlood Flow Restriction Training (BFR) is an innovative training technique that has recently stupefied scientific research. Experiments continuously question the effectiveness of the phenomenon, which claims the ability to induce similar muscular hypertrophy and strength of higher-load resistance training, despite a resistance level of around 20-30% of an individual’s 1RM (O’Halloran, 2014; Scott, 2016). The most crucial aspect of BFR is that an individual needs to be engaging in physical activity while restricted by some sort of wrapping device. These devices could be a cuff, elastic knee wrap, or more, as long as there’s decreased blood flow to the recruited muscle (O’Halloran, 2014; Scott, 2016; Lixandrao, 2018). The restriction device should be placed at the upper arm and/or the upper thigh. Other positions on the body, such as the forearm or upper calf, may cause serious damage because of the superficial placement of nerves in those areas (O’Halloran, 2014; Scott, 2016; Lixandrao, 2018). The cuffing devices restrict venous return to the heart while maintaining arterial inflow during exercise (Laurentino, 2012; O’Halloran, 2014). The BFR concept stems from Kaatsu training, which was discovered by Dr. Sato in 1960’s Japan, who noticed edema building in his body while kneeling, a similar sensation to what he experienced during high resistance training (O’Halloran, 2014; Lixandrao, 2018). BFR’s hypertrophic results are provoked by the body’s cardiovascular, neuromuscular, and immune responses to the restricted blood flow (O’Halloran, 2014; Silva, 2019; Cook, 2010; Hwang, 2019; Da, 2019). The personal, acute, physiological response to BFR exercise translates differently due to the overload or disuse an individual exposes themselves to on the regular (Scott, 2016)
Faculty Meeting Minutes - October 17, 2019
Get PDFMinutes of the Gettysburg College Faculty Business Meeting, October 17, 2019