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Ecosystem Service Trade-offs in Coral Reefs: A Global Analysis
Get PDFCoral reefs are biodiversity hotspots that provide humans with extractive ecosystem services like fisheries and non-extractive services like tourism. Though no studies have examined these trade-offs among these services at a global scale, there are now large, open datasets that make this possible. Using these datasets, we asked whether spatial protection and the level of protection (World Database on Protected Areas) impacted coral reef tourism value (Atlas of Ocean Wealth). We also examined whether proximity to regions of high fishing effort, defined as the top 25th percentile of the average annual effort from Global Fishing Watch, impacted tourism values. Since our data were zero-inflated, we used a two-step modeling approach for statistical analysis, examining predictors of tourism presence/absence then predictors of tourism value magnitude. We found that protected coral reefs are more likely to have a tourism value than those that are not. Among reefs with tourism value, protected areas had a higher average value than unprotected areas. In addition, the level of protection influenced the likelihood and magnitude of tourism value, though in some instances in unexpected ways, possibly due to restrictions on tourism in strongly protected reefs. Coral reefs in closer proximity to high fishing effort had a lower chance of having tourism value, but in areas that did have tourism value, areas closer to high fishing effort had a higher average value. Using large, global datasets of ecosystem services, our study informs management trade-offs in coral reef ecosystems
Book Review: A Critical Analysis of Miroslav Volf’s 2015, Flourishing: Why We Need Religion in a Globalized World
Get PDFBook review of Miroslav Volf\u27s (2015) Flourishing: Why We Need Religion in a Globalized World
Economic Interdependence and Conflict: An International Relations Theory Analysis
Get PDFTheories of International Relations are constructed to help make sense of how power is divided amongst international actors. Three prominent theories: Realism, Liberalism, and Neo-Marxism, interpret international phenomena differently based on their assumptions about structures of global power. Economic interdependence is seen by each theory to impact who has power and how that power is maintained. These theories diverge in interpreting how economic interdependence impacts forms of conflict. These pieces do not interpret which theory is correct but work to emphasize the contextual foundations and analytical framework for how each theory perceives the entanglement of economic interdependence and conflict
Co-education and Collaboration: Women at Gettysburg from 1945-1955
Get PDFWomen studying at Gettysburg College in the years following World War II (from 1945 to 1955) were given many freedoms and opportunities not previously experienced by female students of the college. The inclusion of sororities and co-educational social clubs open to both men and women expanded the social lives of female students at Gettysburg. Meanwhile, the dormitory environment and intramural sports teams helped women at Gettysburg create a sense of community through healthy competition. With all of these new social, academic, and extracurricular opportunities, there were still setbacks for women. Rules dictated how a woman could dress in certain settings or wear her hair, a concept that now seems ridiculous. Expectations surrounding a woman’s place in society led many women to not continue their studies after getting engaged or married during their college years. All that considered, women at Gettysburg had rich academic and social lives, complete with opportunities to expand their horizons inside and outside of the class, even if they were not always considered equal to their male classmates
Rhapsody of Agonizing Contemplations on an Autumn Night and The Torment of Lady Daffodil （〈秋夕怨思賦〉與〈水仙怨〉）
Get PDF“A spirit of extreme magnitude and fortitude that spreads passionately and boldly.” — Dr. Pu Yi-Nan, poet, scholar, and Professor at the Department of Chinese Literature of Tamkang University in Taiwan on the publications by Rivolia Chen Xiao-Yu’s that he has read 「浩氣慷慨。」 ——臺灣淡江大學中文系教師、詩人、學者普公義南，評其所閱陳瀟玉已刊之
JCCTL Mailer - August 19, 2022
Get PDFUpdates on training and support and useful pedagogical resources compiled and sent by the JCCTL on August 19, 2022.
Contents:
Upcoming Events: Strategies for an Effective First Day of Class
Resource Guides: Practical Ideas for Creating Effective Syllabi (attached) Setting Up Your Moodle Gradebook (attached
Friends of Musselman Library Newsletter Spring 2022
Get PDFFrom the Dean (Robin Wagner)
Library News Cupola Celebrates 10 Years Take a Break New Summer Program Summer Reading (Devin McKinney) Caffeine Boost
Educating Women: Progress and Pushback
Martin Luther: The Face of Reformation
Food in the Stacks (Beth Carmichael)
The Imaginary Dinner Party (McKinley E. Melton; Joanne Myers; Len Goldberg; Stephanie Sellers; Chris Fee; Stefanie Sobelle; Caroline Ferraris-Besso)
What\u27s Cookin\u27 in Special Collections
Hardtack
Democracy\u27s Shield: Voices of World War II
Play Me a Tune: Piano Man Donates Treasured Instrument
History of the Player Piano (Betsy Bein)
Recent Additions
Back Cover: Batter up
Indigenous Pennsylvania: Past, Present, and Future
No full textGettysburg College recently adopted an official Land Acknowledgment Statement. However, there is little publicly accessible media that helps students, or the greater Gettysburg community, understand Indigenous presence in our region. This project, Indigenous Pennsylvania: Past, Present, and Future seeks to address the primary question, “How can we represent Indigenous presence within our region to be informative and inclusive of Indigenous worldviews and perspectives?” The study tackles two sub-questions: a) what are the best digital tools to generate a virtual and informative interactive map that can represent Indigenous senses of space, time, and land relations? and b) what aspects of Indigenous presence should and can be mapped? I engaged with Indigenous scholarship to answer these questions. Specifically, Indigenous cartography emphasizes the idea of “depth of place” that involves mapping land as a storied space of ongoing relations. Following other Indigenous cartographers who have highlighted ArcGIS StoryMap\u27s ability to generate rich multimedia narratives, I used the platform to create a StoryMap Collection.
The collection includes an interactive map and four sites: Painted Turtle Farm, the 42nd New York Infantry “Tammany Regiment” Monument, the Fulton Theatre, and Big Indian Rock. Criteria used to develop each multimedia site included proximity to campus, the ability to organize site content thematically rather than linearly, and importantly, the availability of primary research to supplement secondary research-- field site visits and interviews were crucial in providing visual and audio evidence of ongoing Indigenous presence in our region. The second two criteria are attentive to decolonial methodologies that prioritize Indigenous knowledges in opposition to how they are often ignored in mapping. The project will be publicly accessible on the Gettysburg College’s LAS page and can continue to incorporate more local sites
Young Unemployed People Rebel: A Political Economy Law or Assumption?
Get PDFIn this paper, I investigate the validity of the widely held assumption that high rates of youth unemployment will lead a state to experience internal armed conflict. I hypothesize that as youth unemployment rates increase, a state will have a larger number of internal armed conflicts occur annually. This can happen via three causal mechanisms: 1) opportunity cost calculations; 2) private frustrations, resentment, and feelings of stagnation turning into public grievances; 3) and emotional and psychological triggers leading to participation in violent insurgent activities. I find that while youth unemployment does have a statistically significant influence on the number of internal armed conflicts within a given state, other variables have a far greater effect. This research contributes to the growing body of literature arguing that the assumption above is empirically unsupported, and that more weight should be placed on other causal factors that have a far greater influence on the incidence of internal armed conflicts
Monuments of Legitimacy: 17th Century Tokugawa-Sponsored Architecture as Political Objects
Get PDFThis work aims to synthesize art history, historical memory, and Tokugawa-era Japanese politics with an art history approach and cultural analysis. It takes a more complete look at the politics of Tokugawa Ieyasu’s death and the significance of memorial and religious architecture as political works. It examines the utilization of architecture as a way to elevate and legitimize the Tokugawa, demonstrating that policy was not the only way for the Tokugawa to solidify their legacy and suggesting that key figures like Ieyasu were more important to the religious and political structures of Tokugawa Japan in death than they were in life.
This paper begins by discussing the immediate political effects of Ieyasu’s death and the establishment of the Nikko Toshogu before discussing the physical aspects of the shrine and comparing it with the Ise Shrine to establish the relationship between the shogun and the Emperor. Finally, it examines the mausoleum of Sūgen-in, Tokugawa Iemitsu’s mother, in order to contextualize the shift of the architectural style of female mausoleums to emulate those of their male counterparts, showing a growing inclusivity towards women in establishing the legacy of the Tokugawa during the early Edo Period