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Financial Compensation for Mental Pain Caused by a Death of a Close Person
Get PDFAbstract: In normal life circumstances, due to a harmful event which results in a death of a person, it is an undisputed fact that the closest relatives of a deceised person experience mental distress.The closest relatives are indirectly damaged, and the right for compensation for mental distress that they have suffered from due to the death of a close person is the right on behalf of the indirect loss they have experienced.
As the mental distress belongs to the scope of an immaterial damage, an intangible loss and there is no possibility to go back to the previous state of things, the only way to compensate for this type of loss is monetary compensation. The amount of money that is adjudicated in these cases represent satisfaction for the loss that has been experienced and are a mean which serves the purpose of relieving the pain for the loss of a close person.
It is widely known that the pain a parent experiences, especially the one a mother experiences when she loses a child, and the trauma children experence when they lose a parent are of high intensity.
Children will suffer form the experience longer than older persons due to their youth. The pain parents experience is more permanent than the pain a spouse experiences, especially if it is a young spouse from a short marriage since there is a possibility to establish a new marriage or cohabitation. All these circumstances are of the vital importance when determining the amount of mone
ORGANIZATIONAL-PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF FORMING PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF TEACHERS
Get PDFThis article highlights the issues of development of teachers’ professional competence, the necessity of cooperation and experience exchange between teachers, and the correlation of personal interests with the requests and needs of the state and society. The author considers the main means of the development of competence of the teacher (entry into communication, the establishment of friendly relations with the participants of the educational process, creation of an enabling environment), given the emphasis to the role of external factors on the development of professional competence of teachers
NERAVNOPRAVNOST DJECE U OSTVARIVANJU SOCIJALNIH PRAVA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
Get PDFUkoliko bi građani bili osjećajni, kada je u pitanju socijalna zaštita socijalno osjetljivih kategorija stanovništva, a posebno djece, pravne norme jedva da bi bile i potrebne, a moralne norme bi bile dovoljan garant socijalne zaštite djece. No, pošto smo svjedoci porodične disfunkcionalizacije i njene intenzivne dezorganizacije te nadolazećeg plimnog talasa sveopće društvene desenzibilizacije, na državi je obaveza normiranja socijalne zaštite djece. Shodno tome i naša država je donijela brojne pravne akte i pristupila najznačajnim međunarodnim pravnim dokumentima kojima je garantovan visok stepen zaštite djece. U praksi to baš i ne izgleda tako. Pitanje provođenja onoga što su organi vlasti u zemlji preuzeli kao „breme na svojim plećima“ je na vrlo niskom nivou, što uveliko ugrožava pravnu sigurnost djece i dovodi u opasnost njihov socijalni status. Stepen jurizacije socijalne zaštite djece je na dosta višem nivou od faktizacije zagarantovanih prava. S druge strane, postoji još jedan očigledan problem. Mnogobrojnim zakonskim i podzakonskim pravnim aktima unutar države djeca su često dovedena na rub diskriminacije, jer je očigledno poželjnije biti rođen u jednom kantonu spram drugog ili u jednom entitetu spram drugog. Treći problem je odsustvo empatije i senzibiliteta onih koji vladaju spram onih kojima vladaju.
Ključne riječi: neravnopravnost, socijalna zaštita, dijete, društvo
Derivative and Stylistic Features of Verbs of Words of Persian Origin in the Bosnian Language
Get PDFBefore it was fully adopted by the Bosnian language, a Persian loanword, from the moment it was borrowed from the source (Persian) to the receiver (Bosnian) language, would undergo various stages of adaptation on the phonological, morphological, and semantic plane. Due to the fact that many Persian words entered the Bosnian language through Turkish as the mediator language, a great number of semantic changes occurred when the word was borrowed from Persian and later used in Turkish. Later on, the same meaning from Turkish would be transferred to Bosnian language. Words of eastern origin, i.e. words from Turkish, Arabic or Persian, made their way into the Bosnian language due to various influences and during various periods of time. These words were introduced to the Bosnian language mostly through Turkish and are, for that reason, referred to as turcisms. However, a more scientifically approved term is orientalisms since not all of these words belong to the Turkish lexical material, and since they involve a great number of Arabic and Farsi phrases. This paper examines the significance and role of the Turkish language as the language mediator in the case of words of Persian origin entering the Bosnian language. As loanwords, turcisms were used mainly during the 500-year-long Ottoman rule in Bosnia-Herzegovina, when the contact with the Turkish language and culture was most immediate. For that reason, the number of turcisms in the Bosnian language is quite impressive. For instance, Škaljić’s Rječnik turcizama (Dictionary of Turcisms) contains 8,742 words (expressions) and 6,878 terms (1979: 23). During the Ottoman period, Persian was the language of literature, especially poetry. The most of the lexis of Persian origin entered the Bosnian language owing to great Iranian classics, but also, indirectly - through Turkish. Compared to Turkish and Arabic, lexis of Persian origin is the least present – more than 600 words in Škaljić’s Dictionary of Turcisms (Akopdžanjan 2010: 18).
Keywords: Persian loanwords, Turkish language, Bosnian language, semantics change
Strategies for appropriate and helpful teacher response to stressful situations caused by disruptive students in the classroom
Get PDFWhether you have been teaching for 20 years or have just started your teaching career, there’s always a possibility you will have a student in your classroom with disruptive behavior. This behavior can go beyond the limits of what is considered to be acceptable in a learning environment. An obvious example of disruptive behavior is when the student verbally attacks, is late for class, experiences angry outbursts, social problems, etc. or simply rebels against something that is happening beyond the classroom door. However, very rarely are we, as teachers, aware of the possibility that the student might be having a mental health crisis. We, the Language Centre at South East European University, have encountered various stressful situations, while at the same time we struggle for balance and try to find appropriate responses for students’ complaints about grades, “unfair” treatment, the policy of the faculty, etc. In an effort to resolve this dilemma, we will conduct research within the Language Centre through interviews with the academic and administrative staff as well as the students and their supervisors. In our presentation, we will present several strategies to deal with stressful situations that affect the entire learning environment, including the teachers themselves, such as: defining the problem, the reason behind it, the time of occurrence, its impact, introducing meta-communication and early communication by setting early expectations, ways to stay calm when responding to a crisis event and setting limits. We will also explore basic principles related to classroom management and a variety of strategies for early intervention in order to create a dynamic learning environment that promotes learning safety.
Keywords: Disruptive behaviour, strategies, safe learning environmen
The Role of Intercultural Communication Competence on Service Reliability and Customer Satisfaction
Get PDFAbstract: The article presents an inclusive framework on three major constructs namely intercultural communication competence, service reliability and customer satisfaction in the grocery retail settings in Malaysia. The constructs’ validity and reliability were examined based on structural equation modeling. Based on the proposed framework, a number of propositions were developed to facilitate empirical investigation on intercultural communication competences of the selected grocery retail outlets. This contributes to the development of a theory based path model that links the intercultural communication competence to service reliability and customer satisfaction. While numerous scholars have considered the extensive topics of service quality and customer satisfaction, however, none of those studies explored on the critical role of intercultural communication competence and incorporated the construct with perceived service quality and customer satisfaction. One of the most critical finding of the study is the dimension of perceived service quality and intercultural communication competence have positive relationship and it also progressive finding for further research on other dimensions of perceived service quality
Truths about Bosnia and Herzegovina, Conflict or Synergy
Get PDFAbstract: The author discusses the importance of the ECtHR ruling in the case Sejdić and Finci in terms of necessary constitutional amendments that will establish Bosnia and Herzegovina as a normal European democratic country, which is independent and capable of integration in the EU. According to the author, BH is facing an inter-personal conflict of interests of constituent peoples which are harming them and the development of the state they reside in. He agrees the greater prominence of the constitutional system of BH should be given civic on the account of the national principle, however, this should not mean neglecting the concern for the equality of the constituent peoples and entities. Since the last war ended, these peoples have been living next to each other far too separately, and several times still against each other. In BH, various truths of the constituent peoples, "the others" and the international community are fronting. So far they have mostly been in conflict with one another rather than cooperating in synergy. The international community is undeniably accredited for terminating war-oriented hatred and maintaining permanent peace in BH. However, the "imposed" Dayton constitutional system has become the reason for inhibiting the development of BH. For that reason, the international community should transform its influence in such manner that it still stays the peace guarantor, but at the same time not jeopardize the BH independence to such an extent that it continues to represent the insurmountable obstacle to enter the EU. Strengthening the position and influence of "the others", i.e. those who are not the members of the constituent peoples, and considering their truths about BH, may bring fresh solutions in current problems and in searching for the new constitutional solutions. Therefore, the realization of the ECtHR ruling in the case Sejdić and Finci represents a small, yet constructive step in the right direction
A Notion and Forms of International Criminal Justice Assistance with Special Emphasis on Rights of Suspects and the Accused in an Extradition Proceeding
Get PDFAbstract: One of the forms of international cooperation among States in fighting against criminality is to provide for mutual legal assistance in criminal matters. International criminal justice assistance includes a set of different actions and measures undertaken by judicial and other state bodies in order to achieve the cooperation among States to exercise criminal justice system. This cooperation takes place on the basis of international and national legislation. Due to the increasing number of these regulations, the phrase “Law on International Criminal Justice Assistance” could be increasingly used today which is therefore becoming completely formed and recognizable legal field.
Fundamental international documents on providing for international criminal justice assistance are: the European Convention on Extradition with additional protocols (1957), the European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters with additional protocols (1959), the European Convention on the International Validity of Criminal Judgments (1970) and the European Convention on the Transfer of Proceedings in Criminal Matters (1972). The main domestic legal act in Bosnia and Herzegovina is the Act on International Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters (ZMPPKS). In addition to these already mentioned legal acts, basic principles of international criminal justice cooperation are also very significant: identity of norm, reciprocity, ability of extradition, the principle locus regit actum and the principle ne bis in idem
Position of the Assignor in the Cession
Get PDFAbstract: Cession is a contract between assignor and assignee by whom assignor cede its demands towards debtor (cesus). In cession, debtor is not a party, so it is necessary enable it legal protection. Ours, German and Austrian law protects conscientious debtors by enabling it to state certain objection. Namely, if the debtor has not been informed about the assignment he has no information about the new creditor, and if he fulfilled obligation towards asignee afterwards, he can state an abjection that he had already fulfill obligations towards the creditor for whom he had known that he was its creditor.
Similarly, in case of multiple cessions, debtor can state a claim that he had fulfilled obligation towards the creditor for whom he had known that it was his creditor. Except mentioned objections to the debtor are all other objective or subjective objections intended to protect it stance, which is primarily related to the right for offsetting for ceded claims. The provisions of the Act relating to the protection of the debtor are dispositive nature of the debtor and its about it whether you will invite them or not
ROLE OF JADID REPRESENTATIVES IN THE FORMATION OF PRESENT UZBEK LITERAL LANGUAGE NORMS
Get PDFLanguage is the mirror of a nation. All changes occurring in the life of a nation, undoubtedly, find their reflection in language. In this regard, patriots and eminent figures of a nation have always considered language as good means of self-apprehension, elevation of its greatness and glory, reservation and reiteration of spirituality during hard times. Particularly during the first quarter of the XX century, known in history as the National Renaissance, academicians and scholars paid a lot of attention to language as they believed it was engendering national spirituality and elevation of national ideology in people. They considered language to be an invaluable pearl which indicates the existence of a nation. In this regard, in the view of development of our own language, we have accumulated all the facilities and initiated elaboration of rules of Uzbek language