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LaPbMnSbO6化合物的结构精修和磁性表征
采用半化学两步法合成了双钙钛矿氧化物LaPbMnSbO6,研究了其晶体结构和磁学性质。通过对XRD谱图进行Rietveld结构精修可以得到,该化合物为单斜晶系的P21/n(No.14)空间群,B位Mn O6和Sb O6八面体为岩盐有序结构。由于A位Pb2+离子的存在而产生二级Jahn-Teller效应,使得B位八面体内部晶格畸变具有各向异性。磁性测试表明该样品呈典型的反铁磁有序特征,反铁磁转变温度TN=9 K
原子力显微镜研究单链DNA引导单链DNA蛋白质分形自组装
基于单链DNA(single-stranded DNA,ss DNA)和单链DNA键合蛋白质(ss DNA binding protein SSBP)的高亲和力,在十六烷基硫醇修饰的金基底(HDT/Au)上构建了SSBP的分形结构。利用高分辨原子力显微镜表征了SSBP的枝状结构,在不同的组装时间下,SSBP在HDT/Au基底形成不同结构的可控形貌,形成的自组装结构具有高度有序性,可以有效地阻止生物分子的相互交叉或重叠。利用这种二维自组装方法形成的蛋白质纤维结构的变化遵循有限扩散凝聚(Diffusionlimited aggregation,DLA)过程。SSBP和ss DNA之间的高亲和力是整个自组装过程的驱动力,由DNA引导蛋白质构筑的分形结构提供了一种构建形貌可控的蛋白质纳米纤维的新方法
一种适用于紫外/近紫外光激发的白光LED用蓝/绿色荧光粉及其制备方法
本发明涉及一种适用于紫外/近紫外光激发的白光LED用蓝/绿色荧光粉及其制备方法,属于发光材料领域。解决现有实现白光LED所用YAG荧光粉由于缺少红光组分导致得到的白光色温偏高,显色指数低,热特性不好的技术问题。所述蓝/绿色荧光粉的化学组成为:Ca1.65-ySr0.35-xSi1-zO4:Eux,Cey/Lz,式中x=0.001-0.08,y=0.001-0.15,z=0-0.5,L为Al、Ga和B中的一种或多种。本发明还提供了该材料的制备方法。所得蓝/绿色荧光粉在365nm激发下,无L掺杂下出现发射峰位于436和508nm的宽带发射。蓝色荧光粉发射峰的位置和半高宽会随着L的含量的增加而增大。其发射强度在某些L掺杂条件下会增强。绿色荧光粉的半高宽约为87nm。该产品对制备高效、拥有潜在应用性的白光LED用发光材料具有一定的推广价值
一种红光LED荧光粉、其制备方法及其应用
本发明提供了一种红光LED荧光粉、其制备方法及其应用,该荧光粉具有式I所示通式:Sr9-a-b-x-yMaRyMg1.5+b-cZnc(PO4)7:xEu3+;M为Ca和Ba中的一种或两种;R为Li、Na和K中的一种或多种;0.001≤x≤0.9,0≤y≤0.9,0≤a≤1.0,0≤b≤2.3,0≤c≤1.5+b。该荧光粉以磷酸盐为基质,以Eu3+离子为激活离子,其激发带较宽,发光强度较高;且其化学性质稳定,无放射性,不会对环境产生危害。实验结果表明:该荧光粉可被250~500nm波段的光有效激发,发射较强红光,其主发射波长位于617nm附近。该制备方法工艺简单,成本较低,易于工业化生产
一种自支撑过渡金属-磷合金催化剂及其制备方法和应用
本发明提供一种自支撑过渡金属-磷合金催化剂及其制备方法和应用,属于碱性全电解池水分解领域。该催化剂是将过渡金属元素的金属盐和磷源混合,再加入表面活性剂或碱性溶液,得到电解液;然后将过渡金属导电基底做为工作电极,在上述电解液中进行电沉积,得到自支撑过渡金属-磷合金催化剂。本发明还提供上述制备方法得到的自支撑过渡金属-磷合金催化剂。所制备得到的过渡金属-磷合金催化剂应用在电解池中,具有优异的电催化析氢析氧性能
一种聚氨基酸及其制备方法和载药胶束
本发明提供了一种聚氨基酸,具有式I所示的结构,式I中,50≤n≤200,1≤i≤10,3≤j≤30。本发明提供的聚氨基酸一端是亲水的聚乙二醇单甲醚,另一端是疏水的瓜氨酸与缬氨酸共聚物,这种具有亲水链段和疏水链段的两亲性聚氨基酸在水中能够自发组装成具有核-壳结构的纳米尺寸的胶束,而且聚氨基酸中瓜氨酸与缬氨酸之间的化学键能够在组织蛋白酶B的作用下断裂,使本发明提供的聚氨基酸能够被酶降解。本发明还提供了一种聚氨基酸的制备方法和载药胶束。本发明提供的载药胶束中含有上述聚氨基酸,使这种载药胶束具有较好的组织蛋白酶B响应性。此外,本发明提供的载药胶束具有较好的生物相容性和生物降解
共沉淀型双金属氰化物催化剂、其制备方法及其应用
本申请提供了一种共沉淀型双金属氰化物催化剂及其制备方法,该方法将配体物质与中心分子物质在水溶液中进行反应,经分离,得到共沉淀型双金属氰化物催化剂;所述配体物质包括通式为M1iX1j的第一配体化合物、通式为M2lX2m的第二配体化合物和水溶性化合物;所述中心分子物质包括通式为M3(CN)c(A1)d的第一中心分子化合物和通式为M4(CN)e(A2)f的第二中心分子化合物;所述沉淀型双金属氰化物催化剂具有式1通式。本发明还提供了一种二氧化碳-环氧化物共聚物的制备方法。所述催化剂催化活性高、产物选择性更优,能使环氧化物与二氧化碳共聚产物的碳酸酯单元含量高和环状碳酸酯含量低。式1:M1a[M3(CN)c(A1)d]r·q{M2b[M4(CN)e(A2)f]g}·hM1iX1j·kM2lX2m·nH2O·pL
一种有机染料、其制备方法与其应用
本发明提供一种具有式(Ⅰ)或式(Ⅱ)结构的有机染料,其中三键苯并噻二唑三键苯甲酸作为电子受体,三苯胺或三苯胺-苝酰亚胺作为电子给体,该有机染料具有较宽的光谱响应范围和较高的摩尔吸收系数,同时具有良好的光、热及化学稳定性;因此,由此类染料制备的染料敏化太阳电池具有较高的短路光电流密度,其功能转化效率可以达到11%
基于稀土金属催化剂的烯烃选择性聚合研究
本论文通过合成和选用一系列适当的稀土金属催化剂,实现了对传统烯烃单体和合成烯烃单体的选择性聚合及共聚合。具体工作内容如下: (1) 合成了一系列芴基官能化的氮杂环卡宾稀土金属双烷基配合物(Flu-NHC)Ln(CH2SiMe3)2 (Flu-NHC = C13H8CH2CH2(NCHCHN(C6H2Me3-2,4,6)C), Ln = Sc, Er, Dy),并对中心金属为Er和Dy的配合物进行了单晶结构表征。在40 oC和乙烯压力为1atm时,中心金属为Sc的配合物在等摩尔量的有机硼盐[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]和20当量的AliBu3的活化作用下能够催化乙烯/α-烯烃(1-己烯,1-辛烯)共聚,活性最高分别可达4120和3640 kg?molSc–1?h–1?atm–1,共聚物中1-己烯和1-辛烯插入率分别可达20.2%和38.7%。但具有类似结构的Er和Dy的配合物却不能引发乙烯均聚或者乙烯/α-烯烃共聚。 (2) 合成了脒基氮杂环卡宾镥双烷基配合物(Am-NHC)Lu(CH2SiMe3)2 (Am-NHC = 2,6-iPrC6H3N=C(C6H5)NCH2CH2(NCHCHN(C6H2Me3-2,4,6)C),并对其进行了核磁共振和X-射线单晶结构表征。在有机硼盐的活化作用下,该配合物可以催化异戊二烯高3,4-选择性活性聚合,选择性最高可达99.3%。该体系的3,4-选择性几乎不受温度、单体浓度、溶剂和硼盐种类的影响。同时,二元催化体系(Am-NHC)Lu(CH2SiMe3)2/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]还能催化己内酯均聚和与异戊二烯共聚,通过序列加料,可以获得3,4-异戊二烯-己内酯两嵌段共聚物。 (3) 通过Wittig反应,合成了1-位取代的丁二烯单体:(E)-1-(4-甲基苯基)-1, 3-丁二烯(E-1-MPBD),在三组分体系(Flu-NHC)Lu(CH2SiMe3)2/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] /AliBu3的催化作用下,可以获得高间规(rrrr > 99%)高3,4-选择性(> 99%)的反式聚合物P(1-MPBD)。为了研究聚合物的高间规选择性,还合成了具有高3,4-含量(90.9%)、低间规度(rrrr = 49.3%)的模型化合物,通过对比二者的核磁谱图,证实了前者的高区域和立体选择性。此外,高间规聚合物P(1-MPBD)通过氢化反应获得了高间规选择性的聚(4-甲基苯基)-1-丁烯。 (4) 合成了一系列2-位芳基取代的丁二烯单体:2-苯基-1, 3-丁二烯(2-PB)、2-(4-甲基苯基)-1, 3-丁二烯(2-MPB)、2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1, 3-丁二烯(2-MOPB)、2-(4-氟苯基)-1, 3-丁二烯(2-FPB)。其中,2-PB在(Am-NHC)Lu(CH2SiMe3)2/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]的催化下可以实现高3,4-选择性活性聚合,3,4-选择性最高可达96.7 %。选用β-双亚胺配体螯合的钇双烷基配合物(BDI)Y(CH2SiMe3)2(THF) (BDI: CH3C=N(C6H3-2,6-Me2)CHCNH(C6H3-2,6-Me2)CH3)作为催化剂前体,在等摩尔量的[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]和10当量的AliBu3作用下,上述4种单体均能实现顺-1,4选择性聚合,其中2-MOPB和2-FPB的选择性都大于98%,而2-PB和2-MPB的顺-1,4选择性都在80-90%之间。同时,该三组分催化体系还能催化4种单体分别与异戊二烯共聚,所得共聚物中各自的顺式选择性都能够与均聚物保持一致。 (5) 选用噻吩稠合的取代环戊二烯基钪双烷基配合物作为催化剂前体{2,5-Me2-3-Ph-6H-cyclopenta[b]thiophenyl)Sc(CH2SiMe3)2(THF)},在[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]和AliBu3的作用下,它能催化苯乙烯高间规选择性聚合(rrrr > 99%);而对于合成的功能化苯乙烯单体——4-烯丙氧基苯乙烯(AOSt),该三元体系虽然能高活性地催化其聚合,但所得聚合物PAOSt却没有立体选择性,同时苯乙烯和AOSt的共聚物也没有立体选择性。为了探索功能化单体均聚和共聚失去选择性的原因,我们合成了两种单体——4-丙氧基苯乙烯(POSt)和4-(3-丁烯基)-苯乙烯(BTSt),发现前者在与苯乙烯共聚时能够保持间规选择性,而后者与苯乙烯的共聚物同样没有立体选择,证明AOSt均聚或者共聚失去立体选择性的原因是由于单体中的烯丙基双键造成的。同时,通过Thiol-ene反应,合成了接枝共聚物PS-g-PEG。A series of rare-earth metal complexes has been synthesized and used to (co)polymerize the commercial or synthetic monomers with special selectivities. The details are listed as follows. (1) Rare-earth metal bis(alkyl) complexes (Flu-NHC)Ln(CH2SiMe3)2 (Ln = Dy, Er, Sc) attached by fluorenyl modified N-heterocyclic carbene ligands ((Flu H–NHC–H)Br) (Flu-NHC = C13H8CH2CH2(NCHCHN(C6H2Me3-2,4,6)C) were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. Under mild conditions (40 oC and normal ethylene pressure), the scandium precursor, upon activation of AliBu3 and [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], showed high activity (4120 or 3640 kg?molSc–1?h–1?atm–1) for the copolymerization of ethylene and 1-hexene or 1-octene with moderate 1-hexene insertion ratio (20.2%) and high 1-octene incorporation ratio (38.7%). Unfortunately, the Dy and Er analogous complexes were inert towards ethylene polymerization or the copolymerization of ethylene with α-olefins. (2) Amidino modified N-heterocyclic carbene ligated lutetium bis(alkyl) complex, (Am-NHC)Lu(CH2SiMe3)2 (Am-NHC = 2,6-iPrC6H3N=C(C6H5)NCH2CH2(NCHCHN(C6H2Me3-2,4,6)C), was synthesized and characterized by NMR spectrum and X-ray diffraction analysis. Under the activation of an organoborate, complex (Am-NHC)Lu(CH2SiMe3)2 exhibited distinguished catalytic performances for the polymerization of isoprene with respect of high activity, 3,4-regioselectivity (99.3%) and livingness mode. This binary system seemed not to be affected obviously by the polymerization temperature (0–80 oC), solvents, monomer-to-initiator ratios (500–5000) and the type of organoborates. In addition, the living lutetium-polyisoprene active species could further initiate the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone to give selectively the poly(3,4-isoprene)-b-polycaprolactone block copolymers with controllable molecular weight and narrow polydispersity. (3) (E)-1-(4-Methylphenyl)-1,3-butadiene (E-1-MPBD) synthesized via the ‘Wittig-type’ reaction was polymerized with the ternary catalytic system (Flu-NHC)Lu(CH2SiMe3)2/AliBu3/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] to afford a new product containing exclusively trans-3,4 (> 99%) units with perfect syndiotacticity (rrrr > 99%). The regio-3,4 tacticity was proved by the IR and NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopic analyses, while the 3,4-stereotacticity was confirmed by a model polymer with lower regularity (3,4 = 90.9%, rrrr = 49.3%) prepared by the binary catalytic system (Am-NHC)Lu(CH2SiMe3)2/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]. Moreover, hydrogenating the resulting polymer gave the high syndiotactic poly(4-methylphenyl-1-butene) that cannot be achieved by any other manner at the present stage. (4) A series of 2-aryl-1,3-butadienes including 2-phenyl-1,3-butadiene (2-PB), 2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-butadiene(2-MPB), 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-butadiene(2-MOPB) and 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-butadiene(2-FPB) was synthesized and polymerized with various rare-earth metal precursors. Under the catalysis of the binary system (Am-NHC)Lu(CH2SiMe3)2/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], the monomer 2-PB showed highly 3,4-selectivity(96.7%) and livingness mode. And all of the four monomers showed high cis-1,4 selectivity polymerized with the ternary system BDI-Y/AliBu3/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] (BDI-Y={CH3C=N(C6H3-2,6-Me2)CHCNH(C6H3-2,6-Me2)CH3}Y(CH2SiMe3)2(THF) ) The selectivities of monomers 2-MOPB and 2-FPB are more than 98% but the other two monomers are between 80% and 90%. Additionally, this ternary catalytic system could copolymerize each substituted butadiene and isoprene with highly cis-1,4 selectivities. (5) Thiophene-fused methylcyclopentadienyl scandium bis(alkyl) complex, upon the activation of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] and AliBu3, exhibited highly activity for styrene (St) polymerization with highly syndioselectivity (rrrr > 99%) and 4-allyloxystyrene (AOSt) polymerization with atactic-selectivity. Other two monomers 4-propoxystyrene (POSt) and 4-(3-butenyl)styrene(BTSt) were synthesized and used for copolymerization with styrene. The obtained copolymer P(St-co-BTSt) was still atactic but the copolymer P(St-co-POSt) displayed syndioselectivity. Moreover, the graft copolymers PS-g-PEG had been obtained via thiol-ene coupling reaction between the alkene-functional groups along the side chains of the copolymer P(St-co-AOSt) and the sulfydryl in the terminal of PEG