Institute of Chemistry
Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy Of SciencesNot a member yet
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Cancer biomarker detection: recent achievements and challenges
No full textThe early detection of cancer can significantly reduce cancer mortality and saves lives. Thus, a great deal of effort has been devoted to the exploration of new technologies to detect early signs of the disease. Cancer biomarkers cover a broad range of biochemical entities, such as nucleic acids, proteins, sugars, small metabolites, and cytogenetic and cytokinetic parameters, as well as entire tumour cells found in the body fluid. They can be used for risk assessment, diagnosis, prognosis, and for the prediction of treatment efficacy and toxicity and recurrence. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in cancer biomarker detection. Several representative examples using different approaches for each biomarker have been reviewed, and all these cases demonstrate that the multidisciplinary technology-based cancer diagnostics are becoming an increasingly relevant alternative to traditional techniques. In addition, we also discuss the unsolved problems and future challenges in the evaluation of cancer biomarkers. Clearly, solving these hurdles requires great effort and collaboration from different communities of chemists, physicists, biologists, clinicians, material-scientists, and engineering and technical researchers. A successful outcome will result in the realization of point-of-care diagnosis and individualized treatment of cancers by non-invasive and convenient tests in the future
Meso/Macroporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Architectures with Iron Carbide Encapsulated in Graphitic Layers as an Efficient and Robust Catalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Both Acidic and Alkaline Solutions
No full textSide-Chain Engineering for Enhancing the Thermal Stability of Polymer Solar Cells
No full textAn effective strategy of engineering side chains is proposed for enhancing solar-cell-device thermal stability. As the conjugated length of the side chains increases, the morphological stability of the blend film is enhanced. The thermal stability of corresponding devices is consequently improved
Solvothermal synthesis of metal nanocrystals and their applications
No full textSolvothermal synthesis has advanced significantly over the past decades and became a versatile approach to achieve the morphology control of well-defined metal nanostructures. This review covers the most recent progress on the solvothermal syntheses and applications of metal nanocrystals. Key synthetic factors are summarized, including temperature, reaction time, solvent effects, ligand effects, facet-specific capping agent effects, and reductant effects. The synthetic strategies, growth mechanism, and enhanced properties of metallic nanocrystals and multimetallic nanocrystals are introduced. The perspectives in the solvothernnal syntheses and applications of metal nanocrystals are discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Inorganic nanocarriers for platinum drug delivery
No full textNowadays platinum drugs take up almost 50% of all the clinically used anticancer drugs. Besides cisplatin, novel platinum agents including sterically hindered platinum (II) drugs, chemically reductive platinum (IV) drugs, photosensitive platinum (IV) drugs, and multinuclear platinum drugs have been developed recently, with a few entering clinic trials. Rapid development of nanobiotechnology makes targeted delivery of anticancer platinum agents to the tumor site possible, while simultaneously minimizing toxicity and maximizing the drug efficacy. Being versatile drug carriers to deliver platinum drugs, inorganic nanovehicles such as gold nanoparticles, iron oxide nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous nanosilica, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), have been extensively studied over the past decades. In contrast to conventional polymeric and lipid nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles based drug carriers are peculiar as they have shown excellent theranostic effects, revealing themselves an indispensable part of future nanomedicine. Here, we will elaborate recent research advances on fabrication of inorganic nanoparticles for platinum drug delivery
Reversibility of Noble Metal-Catalyzed Aprotic Li-O-2 Batteries
No full textThe aprotic Li-O-2 battery has attracted a great deal of interest because, theoretically, it can store far more energy than today's batteries. Toward unlocking the energy capabilities of this neotype energy storage system, noble metal-catalyzed high surface area carbon materials have been widely used as the 02 cathodes, and some of them exhibit excellent electrochemical performances in terms of round-trip efficiency and cycle life. However, whether these outstanding electrochemical performances are backed by the reversible formation/ decomposition of Li2O2, i.e., the desired Li-O-2 electrochemistry, remains unclear due to a lack of quantitative assays for the Li-O-2 cells. Here, noble metal (Ru and Pd)-catalyzed carbon nanotube (CNT) fabrics, prepared by magnetron sputtering, have been used as the O-2 cathode in aprotic Li-O-2 batteries. The catalyzed Li-O-2 cells exhibited considerably high round-trip efficiency and prolonged cycle life, which could match or even surpass some of the best literature results. However, a combined analysis using differential electrochemical mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, revealed that these catalyzed Li-O-2 cells (particularly those based on Pd-CNT cathodes) did not work according to the desired Li-O-2 electrochemistry. Instead the presence of noble metal catalysts impaired the cells' reversibility, as evidenced by the decreased O-2 recovery efficiency (the ratio of the amount of O-2 evolved during recharge/that consumed in the preceding discharge) coupled with increased CO2 evolution during charging. The results reported here provide new insights into the O-2 electrochemistry in the aprotic Li-O-2 batteries containing noble metal catalysts and exemplified the importance of the quantitative assays for the Li-O-2 reactions in the course of pursuing truly rechargeable Li-O-2 batteries
Metal Organic Frameworks Route to in Situ Insertion of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in Co3O4 Polyhedra as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries
No full textHybridizing nanostructured metal oxides with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is highly desirable for the improvement of electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries. Here, a facile and scalable strategy to fabricate hierarchical porous MWCNTs/Co3O4 nanocomposites has been reported, with the help of a morphology-maintained annealing treatment of carbon nanotubes inserted metal organic frameworks (MOFs). The designed MWCNTs/Co3O4 integrates the high theoretical capacity of Co3O4 and excellent conductivity as well as strong mechanical/chemical stability of MWCNTs. When tested as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, the nanocomposite displays a high reversible capacity of 813 mAh g(-1) at a current density of 100 mA g(-1) after 100 chargedischarge cycles. Even at 1000 mA g(-1), a stable capacity as high as 514 mAh g(-1) could be maintained. The improved reversible capacity, excellent cycling stability, and good rate capability of MWCNTs/Co3O4 can be attributed to the hierarchical porous structure and the synergistic effect between Co3O4 and MWCNTs. Furthermore, owing to this versatile strategy, binary metal oxides MWCNTs/ZnCo2O4 could also be synthesized as promising anode materials for advanced lithium-ion batteries
Bamboo-like Carbon Nanotube/Fe3C Nanoparticle Hybrids and Their Highly Efficient Catalysis for Oxygen Reduction
No full textThe design of a new class of non-noble-metal catalysts with oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity superior to that of Pt is extremely important for future fuel cell devices. Here we demonstrate a one-pot, large-scale protocol for the controlled synthesis of new one-dimensional bamboo-like carbon nanotube/Fe3C nanoparticle hybrid nanoelectrocatalysts, which are directly prepared by annealing a mixture of PEG-PPG-PEG Pluronic P123, melamine, and Fe(NO3)(3) at 800 degrees C in N-2. The resulting hybrid electrocatalysts show very high ORR activity with a half-wave potential of 0.861 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) in 0.10 M KOH solution, 49 mV more positive than that of 20 wt% Pt/C catalyst. Furthermore, they exhibit good ORR activity in acidic media, with an onset potential comparable to that of the Pt/C catalyst. Most importantly, they show much higher stability and better methanol tolerance, with almost no ORR polarization curve shift and no change of the oxygen reduction peak in the cyclic voltammogram in the presence of 1.0 M methanol, than those of the commercial Pt/C catalyst in both alkaline and acidic solutions. This makes them one of the best non-noble-metal catalysts ever reported for ORR in both alkaline and acidic solutions
Donor/Acceptor Indenoperylene Dye for Highly Efficient Organic Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
No full textAn N-annulated indenoperylene electrondonor decorated with photochemically inactive segments is synthesized and further conjugated via triple bond with electron-acceptor benzothiadiazolylbenzoic acid for a metal-free donor/acceptor dye. Without use of any coadsorbate, the judiciously tailored indenoperylene dye achieves a high-power conversion efficiency of 12.5% under irradiance of 100 mW cm(-2) AM1.5G sunlight