Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Size-dependent activity of unsupported Co–Mo sulfide catalysts forthe hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene
No full textCoupling of N2O decomposition with CO2 reforming of CH4 in novel cobalt-free BaFe0.9Zr0.05Al0.05O3 d oxygen transport membrane reactor
No full textCoupling of N2O decomposition with CO2 reforming of CH4 in novel cobalt-free BaFe0.9Zr0.05Al0.05O3-delta oxygen transport membrane reactor
No full textCoupling of N2O decomposition with CO2 reforming of CH4 was demonstrated in cobalt-free perovskite BaFe0.9Zr0.05Al0.05O3-delta (BFZ-Al) membrane reactor. Perovskite oxide BFZ-Al was synthesized by EDTA-citric acid complexing method. The stability of BFZ-Al and BaFexZryCo1-x-yO3-delta (BFZ-Co) was studied under hydrogen atmosphere. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that BFZ-Al shows a better stability compared to cobalt-based perovskite BFZ-Co. The oxygen permeation rate of BFZ-Al dense membrane was investigated from 810 to 960 degrees C, and the oxygen permeation rate reached 0.85 ml min(-1) cm(-2) at 960 degrees C. N2O decomposition in BFZ-Al membrane reactor was studied under three different sweep gas atmospheres including He, He/CH4, and He/CH4/CO2. Comparatively, a higher N2O conversion was achieved by using the sweep gas mixture He/CH4/CO2 than only using He or He/CH4. Therefore, the simultaneous N2O decomposition and syngas production via dry reforming was studied in BFZ-Al membrane reactor by using N2O and He/CH4/CO2 as feed gas and sweep gas, respectively. At 900 degrees C, almost complete N2O conversion was achieved owing to the efficient in situ removal of the inhibitor oxygen through BFZ-Al membrane. CH4 conversion was found to be around 97% with 94% CO selectivity at 900 degrees C, and no obvious decline in the activity and selectivity was observed even after 100 h of the operation. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Chenggangzhangella methanolivorans gen. nov., sp nov., a member of the family Methylocystaceae, transfer of Methylopila helvetica Doronina et al. 2000 to Albibacter helveticus comb. nov and emended description of the genus Albibacter
No full textA Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile and aerobic bacterial strain, designated CHL1(T), was isolated from a sludge sample collected from a sewage treatment tank of an agricultural chemical factory. The strain grew at salinities of 0.5-5% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2.5 %). Growth occurred at pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and 5-40 degrees C (optimum 28-30 degrees C). The genomic DNA G+C content was determined to be 70.4 mol%. Q-10 was detected as the respiratory quinone. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were C-18:1 omega 7c and/or C-18:1 omega 6c and C-16:0. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, two unidentified phospholipids and two unidentified aminophospholipids. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CHL1(T) formed a distinct clade with Albibacter methylovorans DSM 22840(T) and Methylopila helvetica DM9(T) within the family Methylocystaceae. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, the strain merits recognition as a representative of a novel species of a new genus within the family Methylocystaceae, for which the name Chenggangzhangella methanolivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is CHL1(T) (=KCTC 42661(T) =CCTCC AB 2015175(T)). In addition, the species Methylopila helvetica Doronina et al. (2000) is proposed to be transferred to the genus Albibacter as Albibacterhelveticus comb. nov. (type strain DM9(T) =CIP 106788=VKM B-2189) on the basis of the phylogenetic analysis. An emended description of the genus Albibacter is also provided
Characterization of energy carriers obtained from the pyrolysis of white ash, switchgrass and corn stover - Biochar, syngas and bio-oil
No full text<p>
The pyrolysis of three representative sources of biomass, namely, white ash, switchgrass and corn stover were investigated using a fixed-bed reactor to observe and compare the characterizations of three energy carriers, bio-char, syngas and bio-oil. The characteristics of biochar were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the carbon content of biochar increased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. More than 52 wt.% of the carbon was captured in the biochar. The infrared spectra of char samples illustrated that various bands in the spectra were identified, corresponding to stretches -NH-, aliphatic stretches -CH-, stretches conjugate -C=C-, -CH3 and stretches -C-O-. The surface morphology of biomass sample changed after pyrolysis and carbon fiber can be formed at the temperature of 500 degrees C. The content of combustible gas CH4, H-2 and CO was changed from 50% to 70%. The GC-MS analysis of bio-oil showed that most of the chemical compounds detected were phenolic ones. This study provides a useful reference for energy carriers from the pyrolysis of biomass. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p
Deletion of arcA increased the production of acetyl-CoA-derived chemicals in recombinant Escherichia coli
No full textAcetyl-CoA is used to produce many valuable metabolites in Escherichia coli. However, acetate overflow is a major shortcoming. Knockout of the global regulator gene, arcA, may solve this problem
A novel MVA-mediated pathway for isoprene production in engineered E-coli
No full text<p>
Background: To deal with the increasingly severe energy crisis and environmental consequences, biofuels and biochemicals generated from renewable resources could serve as a promising alternative for replacing petroleum as a source of fuel and chemicals, among which isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) in particular is of great significance in that it is an important platform chemical, which has been used in industrial production of synthetic rubber for tires and coatings or aviation fuel.</p
Ultrafast Nonadiabatic Dynamics of Singlet Fission: Quantum Dynamics with the Multilayer Multiconfigurational Time-Dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) Method
No full textSinglet fission (SF) is supposed to potentially improve the efficiency of solar energy conversion in organic photovoltaic systems. The multilayer multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) method was employed to describe the singlet fission of the pentacene system with a three-state model. The ML-MCTDH result agrees well with the previous simulations using the Redfield theory, the hierarchical equation of motion (HEOM) and the symmetrical quasi-classical (SQC) theory. We carefully investigated the role of vibrational modes with different frequencies in singlet fission dynamics. Interestingly, we observed the important contribution of a few modes with frequency resonance to electronic transition. Such a finding can be understood by revisiting the superexchange mechanism within the framework of Fermis golden rule. As a numerically exact method, ML-MCTDH not only provides an accurate description of the microscopy insight of the SF dynamics but also provides benchmark results to examine the performance of other approximated dynamical methods
Integration of bacterial expansin-like proteins into cellulosome promotes the cellulose degradation
No full text<p>
Cellulosomes are multi-enzyme complexes assembled by cellulases and hemicellulases through dockerin-cohesin interactions, which are the most efficient system for the degradation of lignocellulosic resources in nature. Recent genomic analysis of a cellulosome-producing anaerobe Clostridium clariflavum DSM 19732 revealed that two expansin-like proteins, Clocl_1298 and Clocl_1862, contain a dockerin module, which suggests that they are components of the cellulosome. Bacterial expansin-like proteins do not have hydrolytic activities, but can facilitate the degradation of cellulosic biomass via synergistic effects with cellulases. In this study, the synergistic effect of the expansin-like proteins with both native and designer cellulosomes was investigated. The free expansin-like proteins, including expansin-like domains of Clocl_1298 and Clocl_1862, as well as a well-studied bacterial expansin-like protein BsEXLX1 from Bacillus subtilis, promoted the cellulose degradation by native cellulosomes, indicating the cellulosomal expansin-like proteins have the synergistic function. When they were integrated into a trivalent designer cellulosome, the synergistic effect was further amplified. The sequence and structure analyses indicated that these cellulosomal expansin-like proteins share the conserved functional mechanism with other bacterial expansin-like proteins. These results indicated that non-catalytic expansin-like proteins in the cellulosome can enhance the activity of the cellulosome in lignocellulose degradation. The involvement of functional expansin-like proteins in the cellulosome also implies new physiological functions of bacterial expansin-like proteins and cellulosomes.</p