Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Enhanced durability and activity of the perovskite electrocatalyst Pr0.5Ba0.5CoO3-delta by Ca doping for the oxygen evolution reaction at room temperature
No full textA promising Ca doping approach was reported to improve the durability and electrocatalytic OER activity of the perovskite Pr0.5Ba0.5CoO3-delta (PBC). Compared to the pristine PBC, the electrocatalytic activity of Ca-doped Pr0.5Ba0.3Ca0.2CoO3-delta perovskite was increased by ca. 90%. More importantly, its durability was significantly enhanced after doping with calcium
Electrophoretic deposition of carbon nanotube on reticulated vitreous carbon for hexavalent chromium removal in a biocathode microbial fuel cell
No full textFor Cr(VI)-removal microbial fuel cell (MFC), a more efficient biocathode in MFCs is required to improve the Cr(VI) removal and electricity generation. RVC-CNT electrode was prepared through the electrophoretic deposition of carbon nanotube (CNT) on reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC). The power density of MFC with an RVC-CNT electrode increased to 132.1 +/- 2.8 m Wm(-2), and 80.9% removal of Cr(VI) was achieved within 48 h; compared to only 44.5% removal of Cr(VI) in unmodified RVC. Cyclic voltammetry, energydispersive spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry showed that the RVC-CNT electrode enhanced the electrical conductivity and the electron transfer rate; and provided more reaction sites for Cr(VI) reduction. This approach provides process simplicity and a thickness control method for fabricating three-dimensional biocathodes to improve the performance of MFCs for Cr(VI) removal
Inoculation of AM Fungi: An Effective Tool to Reduce Cd Accumulation in Peanut Kernel
No full textChina is an important global peanut producer and exporter. Nevertheless, excessive Cd in peanut kernels has become an important constraint of peanut exportation. Concerns over the heavy metal contamination in food crops have prompted scientists to find ways to solve these problems, including applications of microbiology. In the present research, a greenhouse pot culture experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation on cadmium (Cd) uptake and translocation in peanut plants at different Cd levels. The peanut seeds were sown in pots, where culture substrate was previously mixed with a given amount of Glomus intraradices and 0, 2 and 10 mg kg(-1) Cd. In the control plot, G. intraradices was inactivated before mixed into culture substrate. Symbiotic relationships were successfully established between AMF and peanut root at all Cd levels with an average colonization rate of 65.0%. Compared with control plants, AMF inoculation significantly improved phosphorus nutrition supply to peanut plants, increased chlorophyll by 7.5%, photosynthesis by 11.8%, transpiration by 13.9% and root dry weight by 27.0%. In AMF inoculated peanut plants, the concentration and accumulation of Cd were 45.9 and 87.4% higher, respectively, in root system but 31.1 and 31.8% lower, respectively in the aboveground part than in the control plants. At the Cd level of 10 mg kg(-1), the translocation rate of Cd in AMF inoculated peanut plants was 51.8% lower than in AMF non-inoculated plants. In summary, AMF inoculation could improve peanut plant growth, result in Cd immobilisation in the peanut root system and inhibit Cd translocation in peanut plants. In conclusion, AMF inoculation may be an effective way to reduce Cd accumulation in peanut kernels. (C) 2017 Friends Science Publisher
Pyran-bridged indacenodithiophene: A novel building block for constructing efficient A-D-A type nonfullerene acceptor for polymer solar cells
No full textSignificantly enhancing the efficiency of a new light-harvesting polymer with alkylthio naphthyl substitutents compared to their alkoxyl analogs
No full textCompatible topologies and parameters for NMR structure determination of carbohydrates by simulated annealing
No full textThe use of NMR methods to determine the three-dimensional structures of carbohydrates and glycoproteins is still challenging, in part because of the lack of standard protocols. In order to increase the convenience of structure determination, the topology and parameter files for carbohydrates in the program Crystallography & NMR System (CNS) were investigated and new files were developed to be compatible with the standard simulated annealing protocols for proteins and nucleic acids. Recalculating the published structures of protein-carbohydrate complexes and glycosylated proteins demonstrates that the results are comparable to the published structures which employed more complex procedures for structure calculation. Integrating the new carbohydrate parameters into the standard structure calculation protocol will facilitate three-dimensional structural study of carbohydrates and glycosylated proteins by NMR spectroscopy
Development of a facile droplet-based single-cell isolation platform for cultivation and genomic analysis in microorganisms
No full textWider application of single-cell analysis has been limited by the lack of an easy-to-use and low-cost strategy for single-cell isolation that can be directly coupled to single-cell sequencing and single-cell cultivation, especially for small-size microbes. Herein, a facile droplet microfluidic platform was developed to dispense individual microbial cells into conventional standard containers for downstream analysis. Functional parts for cell encapsulation, droplet inspection and sorting, as well as a chip-to-tube capillary interface were integrated on one single chip with simple architecture, and control of the droplet sorting was achieved by a low-cost solenoid microvalve. Using microalgal and yeast cells as models, single-cell isolation success rate of over 90% and single-cell cultivation success rate of 80% were demonstrated. We further showed that the individual cells isolated can be used in high-quality DNA and RNA analyses at both gene-specific and whole-genome levels (i.e. real-time quantitative PCR and genome sequencing). The simplicity and reliability of the method should improve accessibility of single-cell analysis and facilitate its wider application in microbiology researches
Metabolic Remodeling of Membrane Glycerolipids in the Microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica under Nitrogen Deprivation
No full textAn electrospray ionization mass spectrometry-based lipidomics method was developed and integrated with transcriptomics to elucidate metabolic remodeling and turnover of microalgal membrane lipids by using Nannochloropsis oceanica as a model.
The lack of lipidome analytical tools has limited our ability to gain new knowledge about lipid metabolism in microalgae, especially for membrane glycerolipids. An electrospray ionization mass spectrometry-based lipidomics method was developed for Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1, which resolved 41 membrane glycerolipids molecular species belonging to eight classes. Changes in membrane glycerolipids under nitrogen deprivation and high-light (HL) conditions were uncovered. The results showed that the amount of plastidial membrane lipids including monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and the extraplastidic lipids diacylglyceryl-O-4′-(N, N, N,-trimethyl) homoserine and phosphatidylcholine decreased drastically under HL and nitrogen deprivation stresses. Algal cells accumulated considerably more digalactosyldiacylglycerol and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols under stresses. The genes encoding enzymes responsible for biosynthesis, modification and degradation of glycerolipids were identified by mining a time-course global RNA-seq data set. It suggested that reduction in lipid contents under nitrogen deprivation is not attributable to the retarded biosynthesis processes, at least at the gene expression level, as most genes involved in their biosynthesis were unaffected by nitrogen supply, yet several genes were significantly up-regulated. Additionally, a conceptual eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) biosynthesis network is proposed based on the lipidomic and transcriptomic data, which underlined import of EPA from cytosolic glycerolipids to the plastid for synthesizing EPA-containing chloroplast membrane lipids
Lipid Accumulation and Anti-Rotifer Robustness of Microalgal Strains Isolated from Eastern China.
No full textPreparation of concrete water reducer via fractionation and modification of lignin extracted from pine wood by formic acid.
No full textIn this work, a lignin-based concrete water reducer was prepared through organic solvent fractionation
and chemical modification of lignin extracted from pine wood
with formic acid. The fractionated lignin with different molecular weight was modified via oxidation−sulfomethylation
(OS), and the effects of fractionation on the performance of
lignin-based concrete water reducer were investigated. It was
found that the sulfonation degree (SD) of the fractionated
lignin after OS was clearly higher compared to the
unfractionated lignin, and the SD of fractionated lignin was
linearly correlated with its workability (i.e., the fluidity of
cement paste) based on the results obtained. By adding the
same quantity of modified lignin-based concrete water reducer, the fluidity of cement paste with the fractionated lignin (by pure
acetone) after OS modification was 21% higher than the sulfonated FAL (M-FAL) without fractionation. The organic solvents
used in this study could be easily recovered and reused. Thus, the whole fractionation process was sustainable. In addition, the
structure changes of lignin samples before and afte