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Emission taxation, green innovations and inverted-U aggregate R&D efforts in a linear state oligopoly game
No full textWe revisit the well known differential Cournot game with polluting emissions dating back to Benchekroun and Long (1998), proposing a version of the model in which environmental taxation is levied on emissions rather than the environmental damage. This allows to attain strong time consistency under open-loop information, and yields two main results which can be summarized as follows: (i) to attain a fully green technology in steady state, the regulator may equivalently adopt an appropriate tax rate (for any given number of firms) or regulate market access (for any given tax rate); (ii) if the environmental damage depends on emissions only (i.e., not on industry output) then the aggregate green R&D effort takes an inverted-U shape, in accordance with Aghion et al. (2005), and the industry structure maximising aggregate green innovation also minimises individual and aggregate emissions
Narrare la medicina
No full textIl volume trae spunto e sviluppa i contributi presentati al Convegno "Narrare la medicina" (Bologna, Ficlit, 2 ottobre 2015) e ha per oggetto le Medical Humanities
La formazione alla ricerca nel dottorato tra competenze disciplinari e transferable skills
No full textIl contributo pone a tema la questione della formazione alla ricerca nell’ambito del dottorato di area pedagogica all’interno dello scenario complesso che caratterizza l’intero comparto della Higher Education a livello mondiale. Ci si concentra sul settore educativo muovendo da una riflessione più ampia e generale sul dottorato di ricerca e, in particolare, sugli ambiti disciplinari ricompresi nel settore ERC Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH). Il nucleo portante della preparazione dottorale è la formazione alla ricerca che, nell’attuale scenario, si colloca al crocevia tra la formazione specifica, finalizzata alla realizzazione del proprio progetto, e quella alle cosiddette transferable skills. All’interno del quadro sopra accennato, si problematizza la questione della formazione alla ricerca empirica in ambito educativo muovendo dalla disamina delle attività specifiche rivolte ai dottorandi, erogate dagli atenei italiani
Risposte adattive delle organizzazioni scolastiche e percezione del cambiamento da parte degli insegnanti di scuola primaria. Un’indagine esplorativa
No full textL’organizzazione delle scuole è strettamente collegata alle riforme del sistema educativo di istruzione e formazione, e pertanto sottoposta a costanti azioni adattive. Il contributo presenta i risultati di un’indagine esplorativa sul grado di soddisfazione degli insegnanti condotta nelle scuole primarie della provincia di Pistoia nel primo anno di attuazione della cosiddetta «Riforma Gelmini». A partire dalla somministrazione del questionario semistrutturato Pri.Sc.O.Quest. (Primary School Organization Questionnaire) sono analizzati sia i cambiamenti organizzativi adottati dalle scuole sia il grado di soddisfazione degli insegnanti in merito alla qualità dei processi di insegnamento-apprendimento. I risultati dell’indagine mettono in luce una scuola primaria capace di agire come un’«organizzazione che apprende», impegnata nel fronteggiare - non senza difficoltà - i cambiamenti introdotti a livello di sistema, avvalendosi delle soluzioni organizzativo-didattiche e delle forme di flessibilità messe a disposizione dall’autonomia scolastica
The European Migration System and Global Justice A First Appraisal
No full textThe large inflow of migrants to Europe over the last two years has made the refugees and migrants issue a focal point of the current political debate. The strain on the Dublin System and the blatant inconsistencies of the European approach to migration have served as a ‘wake up call’, bringing to the fore the need to overhaul the EU’s role in the governance of this policy area, riddled with tensions between Member States. Some Member States have accused the European Union (EU) of imposing regulations that affect them negatively; on the other hand, the EU has accused countries such as Italy and Greece of failing to comply with the existent rules. Inter-state solidarity has frequently been lacking, and violations of human rights with respect to the migrants have been documented. Moreover, the migration crisis has disclosed a number of normative and ethical issues connected to the current management of migration in the EU: to what extent can such a system be reasonably deemed just? Just for whom? Does the European management of migration live up to the principles of global justice?
Following the objective of establishing to what extent the EU’s approach to migration has become decoupled from the question of justice, the book collects the first results of an analysis the definitions and legal provisions regarding migration and asylum in different member states (Italy, France, UK and Germany), one EU associated country (Norway) and the EU as such. The text introduces the concept of EU Migration System of Governance (EUMSG) to describe the different levels of government involved in partially cooperative and partially conflicting relations between the EU and the MSs, against the simplistic view of mutually exclusive or hierarchically ordered relations
Cross-border mobility, European identity and participation among European adolescents and young adults
Get PDFCross-border mobility is one of the most important factors that are assumed to strengthen young people’s commitment as European citizens. However, the existing empirical evidence does not provide consistent support. In this paper, we tested the hypothesis that cross-border mobility is associated with a stronger European identification, more positive attitudes toward the EU, and with specific visions of the EU, and that these factors, in turn, have a positive effect on engagement at EU level. Data were collected as part of the multinational research project CATCH-EyoU. Analyses were performed controlling for gender, income, country, and migrant status. Results mostly confirmed the hypotheses among both adolescents and young adults, and for both short-term and long-term mobility. EU level participation and EU voting intentions appeared to be influenced by partly different factors. The implications of the findings, both at theoretical level and for the development of international mobility programs, are discusse
Bringing the European Union Closer to its Young Citizens: Youth Active Citizenship in Europe and Trust in EU Institutions
Get PDFEuropean Union countries are participatory and representative democracies. Therefore, active citizenship in the EU and trust in EU institutions are paramount for the continuation and the strengthening of the EU project. Young Europeans who hold the future in their hands need to be actively engaged not only in the social and political life within their national communities, but also in the wider European community. The papers in this special issue examine whether and how European youth identify with the EU, trust EU institutions and engage in EU issues, and which societal and proximal-level contexts and/or individual-level attributes promote or hinder young people’s active citizenship in European context. They are based on results from the Horizon 2020 CATCH-EyoU project, standing for Constructing AcTive CitizensHip with European Youth: Policies, Practices, Challenges and Solutions. Scientists from different disciplines (Psychology, Political Science, Sociology, Media and Communications, Education) and from eight European countries (Sweden, Estonia, UK, Germany, Czech Republic, Greece, Portugal, Italy). Together, the papers contribute to the development of a new, cutting-edge conceptualization of youth active citizenship in the EU, and to a better understanding of the factors promoting or inhibiting young EU citizens’ engagement, participation and active citizenship at the European level
Introduzione alla Fisica del Terreno
No full textDispense di Fisica del Terreno per i primi anni di universit
All’origine dell’Indagine Campionaria sulle Forze di Lavoro. La monografia Emilia della Commissione Parlamentare d’Inchiesta sulla Disoccupazione
No full textAt the beginning of the Fifties, Istat started in Italy the first experiments of the Labor Force sampling survey. At the same time Italian Parliament promoted and official enquire about unemployment, with regional studies among which distinguishes that dedicated to Emilia, composed by the Institute of Statistics of the University of Bologna under the direction of Paolo Fortunati. Fortunati criticized harshley the assumption at the basis of the survey sampling, “that each household is would equally possible” with respect to the situation of employment, unemployment and underemployment. In this work we aim to revisit Fortunati’s contribution and to interpret at his light the recent evolution of labor market in Italy
PERCEIVE project - Deliverable D5.1 "Short contribution (report) to be used in dissemination events about the empirical relevance of a social constructivist and discursive approach to EU identity emergence and integration"
No full textEuropean integration has been a long and complex, at times problematic process ever since 1957, encompassing the emergence of new institutions and actors. In spite of the centrality that such institutions and actors play in all Europeans’ everyday life, as of today the European project remains fragile and subject to eroding pressures from factors such as macro-economic cycles and anti-EU political movements, among many others. It is important to advance our insights into how citizens’ knowledge of relevant aspects of everyday social, political, and economic life in the EU is shaped and how this impacts their identification with the European project and affects European integration more generally.
We argue that citizens’ understandings of the EU as institution are socially constructed and that communicative and discursive processes play an essential role in these construction processes. Identification and integration essentially depend on such shared social meanings.
European studies increasingly recognize the importance of social constructivism and discourse as perspectives to better understand different aspects of European integration – a process through which new supra-national institutions and social identities emerge as well as existent local institutions and identities transform. Different from previous approaches, both social constructivism and a focus on discourse entail that institutions, as well as the identities of social actors, matter in a particular way. That is, they are not given or easy for any political elite to manipulate, rather they get shaped through ongoing social interactions with language playing a central role. Paying close attention to the complexities of integration as a transformative and discursive process seems to be a more promising approach than regarding integration as an exercise of ‘simple’ institutional design.
We argue that in spite of the increased importance of social constructivist and discourse approaches in social sciences during the last 30 years, their applications in EU studies, which are more recent, continue to constitute a rather ‘closed’ scholarly field. In order to increase the empirical relevance of social constructivism and discourse in EU studies and beyond, we offer three contributions. First, we review extant literature in this scholarly domain. In particular, we find that work that has fruitfully utilised a social constructivist perspective has somehow spanned three main areas: a) integration as Europeanization of legal systems and norms, b) integration as the Europeanization of discourses on polity ideas and public debates about EU governance, and c) integration as the Europeanization of citizens’ identities and definitions of what ‘Europe’ means. Second, in order to open up this literature to interdisciplinary research we highlight overlaps and parallels especially to institutional organization theory that shares with this literature the social constructivist perspective and has been fruitfully used to analyse questions of institutional change and identity formation. Third and finally, we extend the analytical tool box by highlighting methods that can be used to explore integration and identification from a social constructive and discursive perspective