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Intra and intersession repeatability and reliability of dynamic parameters in pressure platform assessments on subjects with simulated leg length discrepancy. A cross-sectional research
Get PDF[EN] BACKGROUND: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) may play a key role in exercise biomechanics. Although the Podoprint platform has been used in dynamic pressure studies, there are no data regarding the reliability and repeatability of dynamic measurements under simulated LLD conditions. OBJECTIVES: To determine the intra and intersession repeatability and reliability of dynamic parameters of the Podoprint pressure platform under simulated LLD conditions. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational cross-sectional study at a public university. METHODS: Thirty-seven healthy volunteers participated in this study. LLD was simulated using ethyl vinyl acetate plantar lifts with heights of 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm and 20 mm located under the right shoe of each volunteer. The procedure was performed to capture the dynamic parameters of each participant under five different simulated LLD conditions. Stance time, mean pressure and peak pressure measurements were registered in three trials for each foot and each LLD level. Data were collected during two separate testing sessions, in order to establish intrasession and intersession reliability. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for intrasession reliability ranged from 0.775 to 0.983 in the first session and from 0.860 to 0.985 in the second session. The ICCs for intersession reliability ranged from 0.909 to 0.990. Bland-Altman plots showed absence of systematic measurement errors. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study indicate that the Podoprint platform is a reliable system for assessing dynamic parameters under simulated LLD conditions. Future studies should evaluate plantar pressures under LLD conditions, in association with exercise, biomechanics and musculoskeletal disordersS
Maus-tratos infantis e burnout parental. revisão sistemática
Get PDF[ES] La crianza y la parentalidad pueden causar agotamiento y estrés en los padres
y las madres. Si este estrés se prolonga en el tiempo surge el burnout parental, que aparece
cuando los recursos parentales son insuficientes para afrontar los factores estresantes
vinculados al cuidado y la educación de la descendencia. El estudio del burnout parental
es muy importante porque provoca graves consecuencias negativas que afectan a los/as
progenitores/as y su familia. Así, el burnout parental puede propiciar la aparición del maltrato
infantil, que produce efectos irreversibles en el desarrollo físico, emocional y social de los y
las menores. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la relación que existe entre el
burnout parental y el maltrato infantil. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática tomando
como referencia el protocolo PRISMA. Las bases de datos empleadas para la búsqueda
de información fueron ERIC, WoS y SCOPUS. Tras el proceso de selección, aplicando los
criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos, se seleccionaron 15 artículos. Los resultados
encontrados permiten concluir que el burnout parental está relacionado con la negligencia y
la violencia parental. Además, tras el análisis de los artículos se identifican diferentes factores
que pueden prevenir la aparición del burnout parental y que deben ser considerados a la
hora de planificar las intervenciones de educación parental. Se destaca la necesidad de llevar
a cabo iniciativas para la sensibilización social, la formación familiar y la detección precoz del
burnout parental para evitar la aparición de las consecuencias indeseadas.[EN] Education and parenting can generate exhaustion and stress in mothers and
fathers. If this stress continues over time, parental burnout arises, which appears when parental
resources are insufficient to cope with the stress factors linked to the care and education
of their children. The study of parental burnout is very important because it causes serious
negative consequences that affect parents and their families. Thus, parental exhaustion can lead
to the emergence of child abuse, which has irreversible effects on the physical, emotional, and
social development of minors. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze the relationship between parental exhaustion and child abuse. A systematic review was carried out using
the PRISMA protocol as a reference. The databases used to search for information were
ERIC, WoS and SCOPUS. After the selection process, applying the established inclusion
and exclusion criteria, 15 articles were selected. The results found allow to conclude that
parental exhaustion is related to neglect and parental violence. Furthermore, after analyzing
the articles, different factors were identified that can prevent the occurrence of parental
burnout and that should be considered when planning parental education interventions. The
need to carry out social awareness initiatives, family training and early detection of parental
exhaustion is highlighted to avoid the emergence of undesirable consequences.[PT] A educação e a paternidade podem causar exaustão e estresse em pais e mães.
Se este stress se prolongar ao longo do tempo, surge o esgotamento parental, que aparece
quando os recursos parentais são insuficientes para fazer face aos fatores de stress ligados
ao cuidado e à educação dos filhos. O estudo do esgotamento parental é muito importante
porque provoca graves consequências negativas que afetam os pais e a sua família. Assim, o
esgotamento parental pode levar ao aparecimento de abusos infantis, que produzem efeitos
irreversíveis no desenvolvimento físico, emocional e social dos menores. Portanto, o objetivo
deste trabalho é analisar a relação que existe entre o esgotamento parental e o abuso infantil.
Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática tomando como referência o protocolo PRISMA. As
bases de dados utilizadas para busca de informações foram ERIC, WoS e SCOPUS. Após
o processo de seleção, aplicando os critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos, foram
selecionados 15 artigos. Os resultados encontrados permitem concluir que o esgotamento
parental está relacionado com a negligência e a violência parental. Além disso, após a
análise dos artigos, identificam-se diferentes fatores que podem prevenir o aparecimento do
esgotamento parental e que devem ser considerados no planeamento de intervenções de
educação parental. Destaca-se a necessidade de realizar iniciativas de sensibilização social,
formação familiar e deteção precoce do esgotamento parental para evitar o aparecimento de
consequências indesejáveis.S
The Impact of Firmographics on Philanthropic Engagement in the Global Wine Industry
No full text[EN] The pursuit of community engagement and support is commonly considered to be essential to the achievement of corporate social responsibility goals, irrespective of a firm's age, size, legal formation, or industry sector. Less well understood are the firmographic characteristics that may influence these philanthropic pursuits, namely, firm formation, firm closure, firm growth or decline, and firm relocation. This investigation into philanthropic engagement seeks to understand the impact of firmographics across the global wine industry. Data were collected via survey from 302 firms in the Old and New World wine sectors: Spain, France, Germany, New Zealand, and the United States. Ordinal logistic and multiple linear regressions were applied. Findings reveal that the cultural heritage of a wine business, and, to a lesser extent, its form of ownership, appear to be the two major determinants of philanthropic engagement
Caprine ovarian follicle requirements differ between preantral and early antral stages after IVC in medium supplemented with GH and VEGF alone or in combination
Get PDF[EN] The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of growth hormone (GH) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) added alone, sequentially or in combination, in the presence of insulin at physiological concentration (10 ng/mL) on the IVC of two different follicular categories: preantral (experiment 1; Exp.1) and early antral (experiment 2; Exp.2). Isolated follicles were individually cultured for 24 (Exp.1) and 18 days (Exp.2) in the following treatments: αMEM+ (Control), or Control medium supplemented with 50 ng/mL GH (GH), 100 ng/mL VEGF (VEGF), the combination of both (GH + VEGF), GH during the first 12 days and VEGF from Day 12 until the end of the culture (GH/VEGF) and vice versa (VEGF/GH). At the end of the culture, cumulus-oocyte complexes from in vitro–grown follicles were recovered and subjected to IVM. The following end points were evaluated: Follicle morphology, growth rates and antrum formation, production of estradiol, progesterone and testosterone, oocyte viability and meiotic stage, as well as relative expression of LHR, Amh, HAS2, PTGS2, CYP17, CYP19A1, and 3βHSD. A considerable amount of viable fully grown oocytes were recovered after the IVC of early antral follicles in all treatments. Nevertheless, the GH treatment presented the highest percentage of fully grown oocytes (60%), mean oocyte diameter (117.74 ± 2.61 μm), and meiotic resumption (50%). Furthermore, GH treatment produced higher (P < 0.05) rates of metaphase II oocytes than all the other treatments, and similar LHR, Amh, and PTGS2 transcript levels to in vivo. Contrary to early antral follicles, preantral follicles were not affected by medium supplementation. In conclusion, the addition of GH to a culture medium containing physiological concentrations of insulin improves oocyte growth and maturation after the IVC of goat early antral follicles.SINational Council for Scientific and Technological DevelopmentFUNCAP/C
Clasificación automática de macroalgas marinas mediante análisis discriminante lineal (LDA) a partir de reflectancia medida en campo
Get PDF[ES] Las macroalgas marinas están sufriendo cambios en su distribución y abundancia en los últimos años debido, principalmente, a factores relacionados con la actividad humana. Al mismo tiempo, cada vez son más frecuentes eventos de introducción de especies no nativas, con graves consecuencias para el ecosistema marino. En este trabajo se han medido las reflectancias con un espectrorradiómetro portátil (350-2500 nm), con sonda de contacto, de ocho especies de macroalgas marinas presentes en la zona intermareal rocosa del entorno de las Islas Cíes (NO de España). El objetivo principal fue desarrollar un protocolo para clasificación automática, identificando la época de medidas en campo, el rango
espectral y la transformación de datos que ofrece los mejores resultados. Las mejores clasificaciones se obtuvieron con los datos de septiembre y usando el espectro completo. Las exactitudes globales han variado entre 0.58 (0.45–0.71) en fechas con presencia de las ocho especias, hasta 1.00 (0.83 – 1.00) en los días en la que sólo había cuatro especies presentes. Asimismo, la exactitud global fue de 0.81 (0.56 – 0.94) cuando las especies de algas se agruparon en las categorías pardas, rojas y verdesFundación Biodiversida
Mobile LiDAR System: New Possibilities for the Documentation and Dissemination of Large Cultural Heritage Sites
Get PDF[EN] Mobile LiDAR System is an emerging technology that combines multiple sensors. Active sensors, together with Inertial and Global Navigation System, are synchronized on a mobile platform to produce an accurate and precise geospatial 3D point cloud. They allow obtaining a large amount of georeferenced 3D information in a fast and efficient way, which can be used in several applications such as the 3D recording and reconstruction of complex urban areas and/or landscapes. In this study the Mobile LiDAR System is applied in the field of Cultural Heritage aiming to evaluate its performance with the purpose to document, divulgate, or to develop an architectural analysis. This study was focused on the Medieval Wall of Avila (Spain) and, specifically, the performed accuracy tests were applied in the "Alcazar" gate (National Monument from 1884). The Mobile LiDAR System is then compared to the most commonly employed active sensors (Terrestrial Laser Scanner) for large Cultural Heritage sites in regard to time, accuracy and resolution of the point cloud. The discrepancies between both technologies are established comparing directly the 3D point clouds generated, highlighting the errors affecting the architectural structures. Consequently, and based on a detailed geometrical analysis, an optimization methodology is proposed, establishing a segmented and classified cluster for the structures. Furthermore, three main clusters are settled, according to the curvature: (i) planar or low curvature; (ii) cylindrical, mild transitions and medium curvature; and (iii) the abrupt transitions of high curvature. The obtained 3D point clouds in each cluster are analyzed and optimized, considering the reference spatial sampling, according to a confidence interval and the feature curvature. The presented results suggest that Mobile LiDAR System is an optimal approach, allowing a high-speed data acquisition and providing an adequate accuracy for large Cultural Heritage sitesSIThe authors wish to thanks Insitu Engineering S.L. for providing the LiDAR data. The first author would also like to thank the University of Salamanca, for the financial support given through human resources grants (Special Program for Post-Doctoral Contracts). The authors would like to thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for their valuable feedback. This research has been partially supported by CHT2—Cultural Heritage through Time—funded by JPI CH Joint Call and supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Ref. PCIN-2015-07
Treatment of hydrothermal carbonization process water by electrochemical oxidation: assessment of process performance
Get PDF[EN] Herein electrochemical oxidation (EO) is proposed as a novel path to treat the process water obtained from hydrothermal carbonization of olive tree pruning. The aim of this work is to analyze the organic matter removal achieved by the treatment along with the identification of the chemical species formed after the electro-oxidation process at different experimental conditions. Three different tests were performed in a boron doped diamond cell, using Na 2 SO 4 and NaCl as supporting electrolytes to compare the results obtained with the raw process water. The organic matter removal was evaluated by means of total organic carbon and chemical oxygen demand, while Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry was used to determine the chemical species present before and after the treatment. The addition of a promoter considerably increased the organic matter removal. In fact, the experiments performed using supporting electrolytes showed the best results in terms of organic matter removal compared to the control experiment (30–40% vs. 17%); This reduction agrees with the volatile fatty acids’ measurements. Almost all the chemical species identified in the different feedstocks were partially or totally removed after the EO treatment depending on the experimental conditions. The specific energy consumption and the cost calculated for the treatment is highly dependent on the time of electro-oxidation and the supporting electrolyte used, obtaining values from 1 to 45 € /kg COD removed . All in all, this work suggests an interesting path towards a further utilization of process water from hydrothermal carbonization processesS
Optimizing hydrothermal carbonization of olive tree pruning: a techno-economic analysis based on experimental results
Get PDF[EN] In this study the optimization of the hydrothermal carbonization process for the conversion of olive tree pruning into biofuel is presented. To this end, a combined experimental-economic assessment is performed. Experimental data obtained at laboratory scale were used to estimate the economic performance of a hypothetical industrial scale plant. To evaluate the viability of the project, three different plant sizes according to their capacity were selected (1250–625–312.5 kg/h). The discounted cash flow method was applied for the profitability analysis. Different scenarios were analyzed considering the reduction of associate costs or the improvement of the revenues compared to the baseline case. Results indicate that with the sizes studied, none of the alternatives are profitable. Despite that, the larger capacity shows the best outcomes. In this case, minimum selling price of 0.39 €/kg for hydrochar is required to reach profitability. Lower plant sizes would require higher selling prices (i.e., 0.46 €/kg for 625 kg/h capacity and 0.59 €/kg for 312.5 kg/h capacity). Similarly, a reduction of 33% in the electrical energy consumption can make the plan be profitable for the larger capacity. Likewise, a reduction until 0.053 €/kWh in the electricity price must be reached for achieving profitability. Thus, importance of government incentives is revealed in this work given that the reduction of costs along with the improvement in the revenues for the selling of the product can make the project economically viable. Other parameters like the number of workers are also interesting to consider as for example the reduction by two units improves the NPV value in almost 600 k€ for all the plant sizesSIJudith González-Arias would like to thank the Junta de Castilla y León (Consejería de Educación) fellowship, Orden EDU/1100/2017, co-financed by the European Social Fund. This work was also supported by the University of Seville (V PPTI
Instrumentos de tutela preventiva frente a la violencia de género contra la trabajadora
No full text[ES] La violencia contra las mujeres supone una discriminación intolerable en una sociedad que pretende la igualdad entre todas las personas, además de comportar unos costes económicos muy elevados. Su erradicación necesita un cambio en las actitudes sociales, incluyendo aquellas que se producen dentro de los ámbitos laborales. Para esto, las empresas disponen de varios instrumentos que, con carácter preventivo, pueden coadyuvar a evitar que se produzcan estas inadmisibles situaciones y conseguir el objetivo de un entorno de trabajo seguro para sus trabajadoras. Instrumentos que, inevitablemente, pueden ser mejorados legalmente, tal vez con alguna de las recomendaciones que aquí se ofrecen
Experiencias de duración y de perduración. Un comentario a la noción de punto de vista temporal
Get PDF[ES] Artículo sobre experiencias de duración y de perduración y un comentario a la noción de punto de vista temporalS