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Economic and social assessment of fish farming in cages in the southern Caspian Sea
Get PDFThis study aimed to assess the social, economic and fish farming in cages in the Southern Caspian Sea. The Caspian Sea is considered as one of the most important water resources of Iran, in which due to the appropriate weather conditions in the north of the country, has the potential for marine aquaculture. With the implementation of this plan would say that with respect to the proposed initial selection from Kheshtsar in Mazandaran province and Kiashahr in Guilan province with along coastline of about 250 km from the depth of 20 to 100 meters and an the area of about 2027km^2 has the cage aquaculture talent. Of course, at the depths of greater than 100 M by using the world technology procedure, there is also the possibility of the establishment of marine cage aquaculture. Now, with the regards of the above potential in the Caspian Sea coastline, it is expected at least 200 cages fish sites farming in with the establishment of 40 cages per site and produce 160,000 tons with creating of 1,000 direct jobs and 2,000 indirect jobs and income 2000 billion gross annual average net profit of 40% could be 800 billion in which will produce of proteins needed part of the country, creating jobs, welfare, prosperity and economy in the region. With the implementation of such national project, it is needed to establish pilot farms to reach the goals: environmental assessment studies, risk assessment, aquatic selection and the use of appropriate cage structures according to ecological conditions of southern Caspian Sea
Human rights: slavery, don't jump ship
Get PDFThe Seafood Slavery Risk Tool helps inform businesses about abuses of labour and human rights in their seafood supply chains
Identification of vitellogenin gene expression patterns in liver and ovary of Rutilus frisii kutum exposed to genistein and β-sitosterol
Get PDFThe vitellogenin gene expression can be altered by some estrogenic plant compounds like Genistein and β-sitosterol. Therefore, the measurement of vitellogenin gene expression can be used as an indicator to determine their effect on reproductive performance of aquatic animals. In order to evaluate the effects of genistein and β-sitosterol on the expression of vitellogenin gene in the liver and ovary of Rutilus frisii Kutum, the fish were separately exposed to 3 levels of genistein and beta-sitosterol (500, 50 and 10 ng/L). After 21 days, the RNA extracted and expression of vitellogenin gene in both the liver and ovary was investigated by Real-time PCR. The results showed the level of vitellogenin gene expression in fish exposed to genistein was higher in liver than control and β-sitosterol treatment. This difference was not observed in the ovarian tissue. Because the main site of vitellogenin synthesis expressed liver and it was controlled by endogenous estrogen (E2), so, it seems phytoesterogenic compound such as genistein has been able to increase the relative expression of this gene in fish Exposed to 500 mg/L
Effects of feeding levels on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, energy and protein maintenance requirement of fingerling, rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum 1792)
Get PDFA 10-week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding level, energy and protein maintenance requirement of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, fingerling (5.65±0.45cm; 1.42±0.25g) by feeding casein-gelatin based purified diet (45% CP; 3.67 kcal g^-1 GE) at six feeding levels from 2 to 7% of BW/day in two equal meals, at 0800 and 1700 h, in triplicate, with 20 fish per trough equipped with continuous water flow-through system water (60L volume). Maximum live weight gain, best feed conversion ratio (FCR), best specific growth rate (SGR) and highest protein efficiency ratio (PER) were reported in fish fed 4-5% BW day^-1. However, quadratic regression analysis for weight gain, FCR, PER, protein retention efficiency and energy retention efficiency data indicated the break-points occurred at 5.33, 4.50, 4.48, 4.63 and 4.74% BW day^-1 , respectively. Body composition also produced significant (p<0.05) differences with respect to each feeding level, maximum protein, lowest moisture and intermediate fat contents were reported at 4-5% feeding levels. Protein and energy retention values also produced significant (p<0.05) differences among each feeding level with maximum values were reported at 5% feeding level. Based on the results, it is recommended that feeding in the range of 4.6 to 5.3% BW day^-1, corresponding to 2.07-2.39g protein and 16.88-19.45 kcal energy g100g^-1 of the diet day^-1 is optimum for the growth and efficient feed utilization of rainbow trout, while 2-3% feeding levels (0.90-1.35g protein and 7.34-11.01 kcal energy) suggests that these amounts approximate the maintenance requirement of fish
Guardians of the Sea
Get PDFThe Regional Plan of Action for Small-scale Fisheries in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea is a model for other regional fisheries management organizations. For the first time since the endorsement of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-scale Fisheries in the context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (the SSF Guidelines) in Rome in June 2014, a regional fisheries body has adopted a plan of action for sustainable small-scale fisheries that draws upon these Guidelines and other instruments
Information-Seeking Behavior (ISB) of IAMSLIC Members in Response to a Query
Get PDFUsing a three-part survey instrument, a quantitative study was conducted to determine the information-seeking behavior of the members of the International Association of Aquatic and Marine Science Libraries and Information Centers (IAMSLIC) in response to queries. Specifically, the study aimed to determine if aquatic science librarians, like other professionals, would opt to go to the Internet first rather than library databases when searching for information (Jamali & Asadi, 2010; Niu et al., 2010; and Superio et al., 2018). Likewise, the study documented the most commonly used websites, open access databases, and repositories used by the respondents. All of the IAMSLIC members were included in the study. An online survey instrument was used. After 40 days, 76 valid responses had been received. Findings of the study revealed that regardless of the librarians’ gender, age, educational attainment, position or designation, regional group affiliation, and library type, they would prefer to use their library’s online public access catalog (OPAC) first when searching for information. Moreover, Aquatic Commons, FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Statistics (FAO Stat), and OceanDocs were the most commonly accessed open access databases and repositories. IAMSLIC established the Aquatic Commons, so it was no surprise that it was the most frequently accessed repository by the IAMSLIC member librarians. The results also suggest that academic social-networking sites (SNS), specifically ResearchGate and Google Scholar, were essential search tools for some of the respondents. Google Scholar has made searching and retrieval of scholarly articles easy
Application of cucurbit [6]uril nonporous as a new adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous ecosystems
Get PDFIn this study, the removal of congo red and erythrosine as anionic dyes were investigated by using the cucurbit[6]uril nonporous as a new adsorbent. In the proposed mythology, the batch removal method was applied. In order to obtain maximum removal efficiency, the effects of acidity of solution, adsorbent dosage and contacting time were investigated and optimized. Adsorption experimental data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the best-fitted data was obtained with the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity was 128.2 mg g^-1 and 95.9 mg g^-1 for congo red and erythrosine, respectively. This method was successfully applied for the removal of congo red and erythrosine dyes from Karron and Bahmanshir water river and Persian Gulf water samples
Determination of median lethal concentration lead (II) nitrate and behavioral responses of hermit crab, Diogenes avarus
Get PDFThe LC50-96h test paradigm is used to measure the susceptibility and survival potential of organisms exposed to particular toxic substances, such as heavy metals. In this study, the statically acute toxicity of Pb on hermit crab D. avarus was determined according to standard methods O.E.C.D in 96h. 84 individual hermit crab with 0.19±.0.01 g weight average were used in five different treatments (75, 100, 150, 175, 200 microgram per liter of lead) with three replicates and a control treatment (15 hermit crab per in each treatment). The effective physical and chemical parameters of water including pH, total hardness, dissolved oxygen and temperature were controlled throughout the experiment. Finelly, the rate of the acute toxicity (LC50 96h) was determined to be 184.045 µg/l by using the statistic method Probity analysis. Furthermore, the rates of LC10, LC50, LC90 (24, 48, 72 and 96h) were calculated. Results indicate that when the experiment time is extended, lower concentration of Pb is leading to mortality in hermit crab D. avarus. The percentage of mortality increased with increasing duration of exposure of crab to different amounts of lead concentration. The behavioral changes observed in hermit crabs D. avarus in the experiment period included an imbalance in walking, reduced activity and movement, slow motion, no irritability and also color change of the abdomen
India: ships of hope
Get PDFInnovative boat clinics bring health and hope to thousands of men, women and children, among India’s poorest, who live along the mighty Brahmaputra river
Investigation on white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in Penaeus monodon brood, nauplii, post larvae and cultured shrimp in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh by using nested PCR techniques
Get PDFInvestigations were carried out between April 2014 to June 2016 for detecting white spot syndrome virus (WSV) in tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon broods, nauplii, post larvae and cultured shrimp by using nested PCR techniques. The presence viral DNA was observed in shrimp culture farms in Cox’s Bazar. Of 558 grow out shrimp samples tested, 239 (42.83%) were found to be positive for WSSV by PCR assay. Of 91 post larvae collected in adjacent river and canal, 41 (45.05%) were infected with WSSV and 70 juvenile shrimps collected, 45 (64%) of the samples were positive for WSSV infection. Selected shrimp hatcheries in the region also showed continual occurrence of WSSV infection and 149 nauplii were tested, 39(26.17%) were positive for WSSV by PCR assay. In hatcheries, 248 nos. P. monodon broods collected, 125(50.40%) were found positive for WSSB. The average WSSV infection in brood shrimps were increased as 32%, 34% and 69% for the years 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. P. monodon broods collected from the deep sea zone, WSSV prevalence was 57% in summer (May), falling to 0% during winter month (November). Many of the brooders and juveniles did not exhibit any external symptoms of WSSV infection, however, following PCR amplification with WSSV detection primers clear products were revealed, indicating the presence of latent infection. Thus, effective prevention and control measures are urgently needed to control the spread of the WSSV disease in the shrimp industry. Diagnostic PCR can be applied to screen for carrier brood stock and shrimp larvae used for shrimp culture