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Meio de Cultura: soro
No full textdubladoVídeo integrante do Curso Princípios básicos do cultivo de células de mamíferos, que aborda o subtema, Meio de Cultura: SoroFiocruzMP4Tópicos em cultura de células de mamíferosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologi
Galaxy and MEAN Stack to Create a User-Friendly Workflow for the Rational Optimization of Cancer Chemotherapy
No full textOne aspect of personalized medicine is aiming at identifying specific targets for therapy considering the gene expression profile of each patient individually. The real-world implementation of this approach is better achieved by user-friendly bioinformatics systems for healthcare professionals. In this report, we present an online platform that endows users with an interface designed using MEAN stack supported by a Galaxy pipeline. This pipeline targets connection hubs in the subnetworks formed by the interactions between the proteins of genes that are up-regulated in tumors. This strategy has been proved to be suitable for the inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis in vitro. Therefore, Perl and Python scripts were enclosed in Galaxy for translating RNA-seq data into protein targets suitable for the chemotherapy of solid tumors. Consequently, we validated the process of target diagnosis by (i) reference to subnetwork entropy, (ii) the critical value of density probability of differential gene expression, and (iii) the inhibition of the most relevant targets according to TCGA and GDC data. Finally, the most relevant targets identified by the pipeline are stored in MongoDB and can be accessed through the aforementioned internet portal designed to be compatible with mobile or small devices through Angular libraries
Immunoprophylactic Potential of a New Recombinant Leishmania infantum Antigen for Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis: An In Vitro Finding
No full textThe development and application of safe and effective immunoprophylactic/immunotherapeutic agents against canine visceral leishmaniasis (CanL) have been pointed out as the only means for the real control of the disease. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro cellular immune response of dogs, elicited by the new recombinant proteins of Leishmania infantum, Lci10 and Lci13, in order to investigate their potential for vaccinology. Twenty-four dogs were submitted to clinical, parasitological, serological and molecular tests, and then separated into two study groups: 12 infected (InD) and 12 non-infected dogs (NInD), and six of each group were directed for Lci10 and Lci13 evaluation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cultured and stimulated with Lci10 (10 μg/ml) or Lci13 (5 μg/ml), and with L. infantum soluble antigen (LSA) (25 μg/ml) or no stimulus (NS) as controls. Afterwards, the mRNA levels of different cytokines were quantified through qPCR, and Nitric Oxide (NO) production was assessed in the culture supernatants. Significant differences were considered when p ≤ 0.05. The comparative analysis revealed that, in the NInD group, Lci13 promoted a significant increase in the expression of IFN-γ in relation to LSA (p = 0.0362), and the expression of this cytokine in NInD was significantly higher than that presented in the InD (p = 0.0028). A negative expression for TGF-β was obtained in both groups. Lci13 also induced a greater production of NO in relation to the NS sample in the NInD group. No significant differences were observed after stimulation with Lci10. In conclusion, the results suggest a protective role of Lci13 for uninfected animals, thus with a potential for immunoprophylaxis. The results will help to direct the antigen Lci13 for further studies (pre-clinical trials), in order to determine its immunogenicity and reactogenicity effects, as a way to consolidate its real applicability for vaccinology against CanL
Genomic surveillance activities unveil the introduction of the SARS‐CoV‐2 B.1.525 variant of interest in Brazil: Case report
No full textThe appearance of new variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 has recently challenged public
health authorities with respect to tracking transmission and mitigating the impact in
the evolving pandemic across countries. B.1.525 is considered a variant under in vestigation since it carries specific genetic signatures present in P.1, B.1.1.7, and
B.1.351. Here we report genomic evidence of the first likely imported case of the
SARS‐CoV‐2 B.1.525 variant, isolated in a traveler returning from Nigeria
Género y política: igualdad de género y diversidad sexual en la crisis de la democracia
No full textFotografia: Flávia Biroli / Arquivo pessoal.Flávia Biroli da Universidade de Brasília, do Instituto de Ciência Política teve seu artigo submetido e aprovado na edição da RECIIS - Dossiê Feminismos: perspectivas em comunicação e informação em saúde, parte 2 v. 15 n.3 (2021)"A questão que atravessa tudo que faço são as disputas em torno do próprio sentido da democracia". Assim, a pesquisadora Flávia Biroli compreende sua trajetória na ciência. Em entrevista à Reciis, comenta sobre suas pesquisas que perpassaram a interface comunicação e política e seus estudos mais recentes sobre gênero e democracia. Biroli discute o que denomina de neoconservadorismo, que se dá por alianças de diferentes atores conservadores de escala transnacional as quais atuam contra as agendas de igualdade de gênero e diversidade sexual. Tais ações se utilizam da dimensão moral e de valores tradicionais ‘de família’ como justificativas para a promoção de processos de erosão da democracia. Em relação aos feminismos, entende que, tanto na expressão acadêmica quanto na expressão política, o diagnóstico interseccional das opressões de gênero é central para a compreensão e para solidariedades sociais e resistências políticas. Em contexto de pandemia, Biroli discorre sobre seus efeitos nas mulheres, mais responsabilizadas pelas práticas do cuidado. Para a pesquisadora, pensar nos modos de organização social que levam em conta relações de dependência e vulnerabilidade é também pensar na constituição de uma sociedade mais justa e sustentável. Flávia Biroli é professora associada do Instituto de Ciência Política da Universidade de Brasília (UnB)."The issue that runs through everything I do are the disputes over the very meaning of democracy." It is with these words that the researcher Flávia Biroli understands her path in science. In an interview for Reciis, she comments on her research that permeated the interface between communication and politics and her most recent studies on gender and democracy. Biroli discusses what she calls neoconservatism, which occurs through alliances of different conservative actors on a transnational scale, which act against the agendas of gender equality and sexual diversity. Such actions use the moral dimension and traditional 'family' values to justify promoting processes of erosion of democracy. In relation to feminisms, Biroli states that, both in academic and political expression, the intersectional diagnosis of gender oppression is paramount to understanding and to performing social and political solidarities. In the pandemic context, Biroli discusses its effects on women, who are more responsible for care practices. In her point of view, thinking about ways of social organization that take into account relations of dependency and vulnerability is also thinking about the formation of a fairer and more sustainable society. Flávia Biroli is an associate professor at the Institute of Political Science at the University of Brasília (UnB)."El tema que atraviesa todo lo que hago son las disputas sobre el significado mismo de la democracia". Así la investigadora Flávia Biroli comprende su trayectoria en la ciencia. En entrevista a Reciis, Biroli comenta sus investigaciones que impregnaran la interfaz comunicación-política y sus estudios más recientes sobre género y democracia. Biroli discute lo que llama neoconservadurismo, que ocurre a través de alianzas de diferentes actores conservadores en escala transnacional, que actúan en contra de las agendas de igualdad de género y diversidad sexual. Estas acciones utilizan la dimensión moral y los valores tradicionales de la 'familia' como justificación para promover procesos de erosión de la democracia. En relación a los feminismos, Biroli entiende que tanto en la expresión académica como en la expresión política el diagnóstico interseccional de la opresión de género es central para la comprensión y el desempeño de las solidaridades sociales y políticas. En contexto de pandemia, Biroli analiza sus efectos en las mujeres, que son más responsables de las prácticas de atención. La investigadora cree que pensar em formas de organización social que tengan en cuenta las relaciones de dependencia y vulnerabilidad es también pensar en la constitución de una sociedad más justa y sostenible. Flávia Biroli es profesora asociada del Instituto de Ciencias Políticas de la Universidad de Brasilia (UnB)
Putative mobilized colistin resistance genes in the human gut microbiome
No full textThe high incidence of bacterial genes that confer resistance to last-resort antibiotics, such as colistin,
caused by mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes, poses an unprecedented threat to human health.
Understanding the spread, evolution, and distribution of such genes among human populations will help in the
development of strategies to diminish their occurrence. To tackle this problem, we investigated the distribution and
prevalence of potential mcr genes in the human gut microbiome using a set of bioinformatics tools to screen the
Unified Human Gastrointestinal Genome (UHGG) collection for the presence, synteny and phylogeny of putative
mcr genes, and co-located antibiotic resistance genes
The implementation process of the Master Plan for Primary Health Care in Juiz de Fora - MG: contributions to local health programming
No full textO processo de municipalização do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) exigiu, nas últimas duas décadas, a institucionalização das práticas de planejamento e programação em saúde tanto para o melhor uso e alocação dos recursos para o setor quanto para atender às necessidades da população. Neste contexto, o Plano Diretor da Atenção Primária em Saúde (PDAPS) instituído no município de Juiz de Fora, MG, no período de 2014 a 2016, em especial no que se refere ao uso da Programação Local em Saúde pelas Equipes de Saúde da Família (EqSF), constitui-se em um dispositivo para a política de fortalecimento e estruturação da Estratégia da Saúde da Família (ESF) no âmbito do SUS no município. Seu desenvolvimento buscou o reconhecimento e a organização dos processos de trabalho existentes nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS). O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o processo da implantação do PDAPS instituído no município de Juiz de Fora - MG no período de 2014 a 2016, identificando os limites e possibilidades da Programação Local em Saúde na organização das práticas das EqSF. Os objetivos específicos foram: (a) descrever a experiência da elaboração da programação local nas EqSF; (b) verificar a utilização da programação local em saúde na organização das ações de saúde das ESF e (c) analisar os limites e possibilidades da programação local em saúde na ESF. Foi realizado grupo focal com trabalhadores da atenção primária em saúde do município e análise documental. Os resultados apontaram para a programação local em saúde como componente operacional conectado ao planejamento em saúde e indutor para novos arranjos das práticas da EqSF, assim como oportunizaria maior compreensão das ações e serviços prestados pelas equipes sendo um componente possivelmente favorecedor ao controle social, através dos conselhos locais de saúde. Apresenta-se ainda, os limites e contribuições da programação local em saúde para uma visão crítica e reflexiva acerca da sua forma de elaboração e utilização nas EqSF.The process of municipalization of the Unified Health System (SUS) demanded, in the last two decades, the institutionalization of planning and programming practices in health, both for the best use and allocation of resources for the sector and to meet the needs of the population. In this context, the Master Plan for Primary Health Care (PDAPS) established in the city of Juiz de Fora, MG, from 2014 to 2016, especially with regard to the use of Local Health Programming by Family Health Teams (EqSF), constitutes an important device for the policy of strengthening and structuring the ESF within the scope of the SUS in the municipality. Its development sought to recognize and organize the work processes existing in Basic Health Units (UBS). The aim of this study was to analyze the process of implementing the PDAPS instituted in the city of Juiz de Fora - MG from 2014 to 2016, identifying the limits and possibilities of Local Health Programming in the organization of the practices of Family Health Teams (EqSF). The specific objectives were: (a) to describe the experience of developing local programming in the ESF; (b) verifying the use of local health programming in the organization of health actions in the EqSF and (c) analyzing the limits and possibilities of local health programming in the ESF. A focus group was carried out with Primary Health Care workers in the city and document analysis. The results pointed to the local health programming as an operational component connected to health planning and a strong inducer for new arrangements of ESF practices, as well as providing opportunities for greater understanding of the actions and services provided by the teams, being a component possibly favoring social control, through of local health councils. It also presents the limits and contributions of local health programming for a critical and reflective view of its development and use in the EqSF
Essential properties and pitfalls of colorimetric Reverse Transcription Loop‑mediated Isothermal Amplification as a point‑of‑care test for SARS‑CoV‑2 diagnosis
No full textSARS-CoV-2 Reverse Transcription Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplifcation (RT-LAMP) colorimetric detection is a sensitive and specifc point-of-care molecular biology technique used to detect the virus in only 30 min. In this manuscript we have described a few nuances of the technique still not properly described in the literature: the presence of three colors clusters; the correlation of the viral load with the color change; and the importance of using
an internal control to avoid false-negative results. To achieve these fndings, we performed colorimetric RT-LAMP assays of 466 SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR validated clinical samples, with color quantifcation measured at 434 nm and 560 nm. First we determinate a sensitivity of 93.8% and specifcity of 90.4%. In addition to the pink (negative) and yellow (positive) produced colors, we report for the frst time the presence of an orange color cluster that may lead to wrong diagnosis. We also demonstrated using RT-qPCR and RT-LAMP that low viral loads are related to Ct values>30, resulting in orange colors. We also demonstrated that the diagnosis of COVID-19 by colorimetric RT-LAMP is efcient until the ffth symptoms day when the viral load is still relatively high. This study reports properties and indications for colorimetric RT-LAMP as point-of-care for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic, reducing false results, interpretations and optimizing molecular diagnostics tests application
Rastreamento molecular de uma amostra de pacientes brasileiros com fenótipo clínico indicativo de Diabetes Monogênico não sindrômico
No full textO Diabetes mellitus (DM) é um importante problema de saúde pública, afetando cerca de 463 milhões de pessoas em todo mundo. As formas mais comuns de DM são as multifatoriais, que respondem por mais de 90% de todos os casos. Entretanto, formas monogênicas de DM também contribuem para esta doença. Estima-se que elas sejam responsáveis por cerca de 3% a 6% dos casos de diabetes. Dentre as formas monogênicas destacam-se o tipo ―MaturityOnset Diabetes of the Young‖ (MODY), o DM neonatal e o DM sindrômico mitocondrial. O tipo MODY é a forma mais frequente de DM monogênico e caracteriza-se pelo diagnóstico geralmente antes dos 25 anos, histórico familiar com segregação compatível com a forma autossômica dominante e defeito primário na célula β-pancreática. Devido a sua raridade e pouca divulgação, o DM monogênico ainda é subdiagnosticado e pacientes com essas formas frequentemente recebem diagnóstico errôneo, impactando em seu tratamento. No Brasil, ainda são poucos os estudos das formas monogênicas de DM, e até o momento a real contribuição dessas formas na causa de DM na população geral não é totalmente conhecida. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi selecionar pacientes com fenótipo clínico característico de diabetes monogênico e, através do rastreamento de variantes em diferentes genes, proporcionar o diagnóstico molecular da doença contribuindo para o seu prognóstico, aconselhamento genético e para o tratamento mais adequado destes pacientes. Para isso, foram incluídos 68 probandos com fenótipo clínico de DM monogênico. Os critérios de inclusão foram idade de diagnóstico ≤ 40 anos, IMC < 30 kg/m², ao menos duas gerações afetadas por DM e anticorpos contra células-β (anti-GAD e anti-IA2) negativos Além disso, 62 familiares e 158 controles saudáveis foram incluídos. A análise molecular dos genes HNF4A, GCK, HNF1A, PDX1, HNF1B, NEUROD1, KLF11, PAX4, INS, KCNJ11 e MT-TL1 foi realizada através do sequenciamento de Sanger. Algoritmos in silico foram utilizados para acessar o potencial de patogenicidade das variantes identificadas, além da pesquisa nos bancos de dados públicos para checar a ocorrência das variantes encontradas. Como resultado do rastreamento genético, um total de 34 probandos (50%) com variantes candidatas responsáveis pelo DM monogênico foram identificadas. Dezenove variantes foram observadas no GCK, nove pacientes com modificações no gene HNF1A e uma variante foi identificada nos seguintes genes: HNF4A, HNF1B, NEUROD1, PAX4, PDX1 e MT-TL1. O estudo de segregação foi realizado em 19 famílias, totalizando 62 familiares, dos quais 41 (82,9%) apresentaram a variante do probando. Dos 41 familiares positivos, 34 reportaram ter hiperglicemia. Das 32 diferentes variantes identificadas, oito não haviam sido reportadas na literatura, sendo três no gene GCK (p.Tir61Asp, p.Met115Val e p.Asp365GlufsTer95), quatro no gene HNF1A (p.Val133Glu, p.Tir163Ter, p.Val380CisfsTer39 e p.Tre433HisfsTer116) e uma no gene NEUROD1 (p.Fen256LeufsTer2). Não foram observadas variantes patogênicas nos genes KLF11, INS e KCNJ11. Com relação ao tratamento, após o diagnóstico molecular, seis pacientes com modificações no gene GCK substituíram o tratamento farmacológico para terapia nutricional e um pacientes parou o tratamento com insulina e iniciou o tratamento com antidiabéticos orais Além disso, dois pacientes com modificações no gene HNF1A substituíram o tratamento com insulina para medicamentos orais, com melhor resposta glicêmica. Desta forma, os resultados obtidos neste estudo enfatizam a importância do diagnóstico molecular proporcionando um melhor prognóstico, qualidade de vida e tratamento personalizadoDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health problem, affecting approximately 463 million people worldwide. The most common forms of DM are multifactorial, which account for more than 90% of all cases. However, monogenic forms of DM also contribute to this disease. It is estimated that they are responsible for about 3% to 6% of diabetes cases. Among the monogenic forms, the major are the Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY), the neonatal DM and the mitochondrial syndromic DM. The MODY type is the most frequent form of monogenic DM and is characterized usually by age of diagnosis before 25 years, family history with segregation compatible with an autosomal dominant form and primary defect in the β-pancreatic cell. Due to its rarity and lack of reports, monogenic DM is still underdiagnosed and patients with these forms are frequently misdiagnosis, impacting in their treatment. Studies aiming monogenic forms of DM are still scarce in Brazil and, until now the real contribution of these forms are not well known. Thus, the aim of this study was recruit patients with clinical phenotype of monogenic diabetes and, through the screening of different genes, provide the molecular diagnosis of the disease contributing to its prognosis, genetic counseling and for the most appropriate treatment of these patients. In this study, 68 probands with clinical phenotype of monogenic DM were included Inclusion criteria were age of diagnosis ≤ 40 years, BMI < 30 kg/m², at least two generations affected by DM and negative β-cell antibodies (anti-GAD and anti-IA2). In addition, 62 family members and 158 healthy controls were included. Molecular analysis of the HNF4A, GCK, HNF1A, PDX1, HNF1B, NEUROD1, KLF11, PAX4, INS, KCNJ11 and MT-TL1 genes was performed using Sanger sequencing. We accessed the pathogenic potential of the identified variants through in silico algorithms. In addition, we checked the occurrence of the variants found in public databases. As a result of the genetic screening, a total of 34 probands (50%) with candidate variants responsible for monogenic DM were identified. Nineteen variants were observed in the GCK, nine probands with mutations in the HNF1A gene and one variant was identified in the following genes: HNF4A, HNF1B, NEUROD1, PAX4, PDX1 e MT-TL1. The segregation study was performed in 19 families, totaling 62 family members, whose 41 (82.9%) showed the mutation founded in the proband. Of the 41 positive family members, 34 reported having hyperglycemia. Of de 32 different variants identified; eight had not been reported in the literature, three in the GCK gene (p.Tyr61Asp, p.Met115Val, and p.Asp365GlufsTer95), four in the HNF1A gene (p.Val133Glu, p.Tyr163Ter, p.Val380CisfsTer39 and p.Thr433HisfsTer116) and one in the NEUROD1 gene (p.Phe256LeufsTer2) No pathogenic variants were observed in the KLF11, INS and KCNJ11 genes. Regarding the treatment, after the molecular diagnosis, six patients with mutations in the GCK gene switch the treatment from pharmacological to nutritional therapy and one patient stopped the insulin and started oral antidiabetic treatment. Additionally, two patients with mutations in the HNF1A gene substituted the insulin to oral antidiabetic treatment, with a better glycemic responses. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study highlights the importance of the molecular diagnosis providing an improved prognosis, quality of life and personalized treatmen
Trypanocidal Activity and Increased Solubility of Benznidazole Incorporated in PEG 4000 and Its Derivatives
No full textSelecting a polymer depends on its characteristics, the properties of the drug and of the
remaining ingredients in the formulation. The drug, when incorporated into a polymeric matrix, can show several advantages when compared with its conventional form. In this context, this work describes the preparation and characterization of polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000) and its derivative particles loaded with benznidazole, as well as evaluates their trypanocidal activity. In this work, reactions to modify the PEG 4000 polymer and the subsequent incorporation of the benznidazole were made. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis confirmed the efficiency in modifying the PEG chains. The morphology of polymeric films was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and showed considerable changes on the film organization. The acetylation of PEG favored the stability of the system and an increase in the zeta potential from -14.83 to -25.54 mV was observed. Although encapsulation efficiency values between 30.14 and 39.48% were found, the enhanced benznidazole dissolution profile by microparticles enables the use of lower drug concentrations. This fact can be proven by the increased trypanocidal effect of benznidazole
when encapsulated in BP3 microparticles. Finally, the high selectivity of the formulations for
trypanocidal action guarantees their safety as an alternative for the treatment of the Chagas disease