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Microanatomical and secretory characterization of the salivary gland of the Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae), a main vector of Chagas disease
No full textRhodnius prolixus is the principal vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, the aetiological agent of Chagas disease in American countries. This insect is haematophagous during all life cycles and, to antagonize its haemostatic, inflammatory and immune systems, it secretes saliva while feeding on the vertebrate host's blood. Here, we investigated characteristic changes of the salivary glands (SG) that occur during insect development. Two pairs of lobules and ducts comprise the SG of R. prolixus. The organ's size increases over time, but the microanatomical structures are preserved during insect development. Both lobules have a single layer epithelium formed by binucleated cells, which surrounds the saliva reservoir. The principal lobule presents higher polysaccharide and total protein contents than the accessory lobe. A network of external muscle layers is responsible for organ contraction and saliva release. Apocrine, merocrine and holocrine secretion types occur in the secretory epithelium. Dopamine, serotonin and tyrosine-hydroxylase are neural-related molecules that regulate SG function both during and after feeding
Maternal and neonatal outcomes of sars-cov-2 infection in a cohort of pregnant women with comorbid disorders
No full textThere are some reports and case series addressing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections during pregnancy in upper income countries, but there are few data on pregnant women with comorbid conditions in low and middle income Countries. This study evaluated the proportion and the maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among pregnant women with comorbidities. Participants were recruited consecutively in order of admission to a maternity for pregnant women with comorbidities. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data were prospectively collected during hospitalization. Pregnant women were screened at entry: nasopharyngeal swabs were tested by RT-PCR; serum samples were tested for IgG antibodies against spike protein by ELISA. From April to June 2020, 115 eligible women were included in the study. The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 28.7%. The rate of obesity was 60.9%, vascular hypertension 40.0%, and HIV 21.7%. The most common clinical presentations were ageusia (21.2%), anosmia (18.2%), and fever (18.2%). Prematurity was higher among mothers who had a SARS-CoV-2 infection based on RT-PCR. There were two cases of fetal demise. We found a high proportion of COVID-19 among pregnant women with comorbidities. This underscores the importance of antenatal care during the pandemic to implement universal SARS-CoV-2 screening, precautionary measures, and the rollout of vaccination programs for pregnant women
Juegos extremos de internet y contagio psíquico: síntomas de la cultura del espectáculo
No full textMalena Segura Contrera da Universidade Paulista teve seu artigo submetido e aprovado na edição da RECIIS - Dossiê Feminismos: perspectivas em comunicação e informação em saúde, parte 1 v. 15 n.2 (2021)Leonardo de Souza Aloi Torres da Universidade Paulista teve seu artigo submetido e aprovado na edição da RECIIS - Dossiê Feminismos: perspectivas em comunicação e informação em saúde, parte 1 v. 15 n.2 (2021)O presente artigo analisa os padrões de manifestação dos ‘desafios da internet’, manifestação viral da qual participam principalmente pré-adolescentes e adolescentes, e que estimulam teleparticipação mundial em desafios geradores de estados alterados de consciência que carregam um risco de morte em potencial. Objetivou-se traçar os padrões de incidência da ferramenta Google Trends para mapear padrões de manifestação que são analisados do ponto de vista dos contágios psíquicos das massas próprios das sociedades tomadas pelas redes de comunicação. À análise dos padrões de incidência segue-se uma reflexão teórica sobre o fenômeno e os seus desdobramentos a partir das teorias da comunicação, da mídia e da psicologia junguiana, especialmente acerca dos fenômenos das massas. Para a discussão, utilizaram-se como referências básicas Dietmar Kamper, Jean Baudrillard, Norval Baitello Junior e Malena Segura Contrera.This article analyses the patterns of manifestation of ‘internet challenges’, a viral manifestation in which mainly preadolescents and adolescents participate and which stimulates worldwide participation in challenges that generate altered states of consciousness that carry a potential risk of death. The objective was to trace the patterns of incidence of the Google Trends tool to map patterns of manifestation that are analyzed from the point of view of the psychic contagions of the masses of the societies taken by the communication networks. The analysis of the patterns of incidence is followed by a theoretical reflection on the phenomenon and its consequences based on the theories of communication, the media and Jungian psychology, especially concerning the phenomena of the masses. For the discussion, we used Dietmar Kamper, Jean Baudrillard, Norval Baitello Junior and Malena Segura Contrera as basic references.Este artículo analisar los patrones de manifestación de los ‘desafíos de internet’, manifestación viral en la que participan principalmente preadolescentes y adolescentes y que promueven la participación mundial en desafíos que generan estados alterados de conciencia que conllevan un potencial riesgo de muerte. El objetivo fue rastrear los patrones de incidencia de la herramienta Google Trends para mapear patrones de manifestación que se analizan desde el punto de vista de los contagios psíquicos de las masas de las sociedades tomadas por las redes de comunicación. Al análisis de los patrones de incidencia le sigue una reflexión teórica sobre el fenómeno y sus consecuencias a partir de las teorías de la comunicación, los medios de comunicación y la psicología junguiana, especialmente en lo que respecta a los fenómenos de masas. Para la discusión se utilizaron como referencias básicas Dietmar Kamper, Jean Baudrillard, Norval Baitello Junior y Malena Segura Contrera
Plasmodium vivax Gametocytes Adherence to Bone Marrow Endothelial Cells
No full textIn a Plasmodium vivax infection, it was shown a proportionally increased on gametocyte distribution within the bone marrow aspirant, suggesting a role of this organ as a reservoir for this parasite stage. Here, we evaluated the ex vivo cytoadhesive capacity of P. vivax gametocytes to bone marrow endothelial cells (HBMEC) and investigated the involvement of some receptors in the cytoadhesion process by using transfected CHO cells (CHO-ICAM1, CHO-CD36 and CHO-VCAM), wild type (CHO-K1) or deficient in heparan and chondroitin sulfate (CHO-745). Ex-vivo cytoadhesion assays were performed using a total of 44 P. vivax isolates enriched in gametocyte stages by Percoll gradient in the different cell lines. The majority of isolates (88.9%) were able to adhere to HBMEC monolayer. ICAM1 seemed to be the sole receptor significantly involved. CD-36 was the receptor with higher adhesion rate, despite no significance was noticed when compared to CHO-745. We demonstrated that gametocyte P. vivax adheres ex vivo to bone marrow endothelial cells. Moreover, P. vivax gametocytes display the ability to adhere to all CHO cells investigated, especially to CHO-ICAM1. These findings bring insights to the comprehension of the role of the bone marrow as a P. vivax reservoir and the potential impact on parasite transmission to the vector
Princípios FAIR aplicados à gestão de dados de pesquisa
No full textProjeto editorial em colaboração com o Programa de Educação Tutorial (PET) da Escola de Comunicação (ECO-UFRJ): Paulo César Castro (tutor) / aluno(a)s: Carolina Torres, Dandara Campello, João Maurício Maturana, Juliana Sorrenti, Kethury Santos, Lianne Henriques, Mariana da Paz, Ludmila Rancan, Moniqui Frazão, Robertha Braga, Sabrina Oliveira e Sara Maluf.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação (PPGCI), desenvolvido pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia, do Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia e Inovação (IBICT/MCTI) em convênio com a Escola de Comunicação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (ECO/UFRJ).Este livro é uma tentativa de reunir iniciativas brasileiras teóricas e empíricas em torno da aplicação dos princípios FAIR e ser mais um instrumento de disseminação desses princípios no Brasil, especialmente no âmbito da pesquisa em Ciência da Informação e da Computação. O livro está organizado considerando em um primeiro bloco, estudos que se desenrolam sob cada uma das categorias em que os princípios FAIR estão distribuídos e em um segundo bloco, relatos de experiências empíricas no âmbito do GO FAIR Brasil. Essas categorias não são mutuamente exclusivas de modo que alguns capítulos poderiam estar categorizados em mais de uma seção ou até em todas elas, afinal o livro é sobre aplicação dos princípios FAIR. No entanto, na tentativa de apresentar uma forma estruturada de organização, oferecemos essa organização aos nossos leitores.This book is an attempt to bring together Brazilian initiatives theoretical and empirical around the application of the FAIR principles and being more an instrument for disseminating these principles in Brazil, especially in the scope of research in Information and Computer Science. The book is organized considering a first block, studies that unfold under each of the categories in which the FAIR principles are distributed and, in a second block, reports of empirical experiences within the scope of GO FAIR Brazil. These categories are not mutually unique so that some chapters could be categorized into more than a section or even all of them, after all, the book is about applying the FAIR principles. However, in an attempt to present a structured form of organization, we offer this organization to our readers
Integrin-directed antibody-based immunotherapy: focus on VLA-4
No full textOne major finding of chronic inflammatory diseases of various origins is the establishment of inflamma tory infiltrates, bearing different leukocyte subpopulations, including activated T lymphocytes. Integrins are
among the large series of molecular interactions that have been implicated as players in both triggering
and maintenance of leukocyte influx from the blood into a given organ parenchyme. Accordingly, blocking
the interaction between VLA-6 integrin and laminin, experimentally abrogates heart graft rejection. Many
reports have shown that VLA-4 is used by T cells to cross endothelial barriers, as well as to migrate within
target tissues. In this respect, a humanized IgG4 anti-VLA-4 monoclonal antibody (specific to the α4-integrin
chain of VLA-4) has been successfully applied to treat multiple sclerosis as well as inflammatory bowel
disease. Anti-VLA-4 monoclonal antibody has also been applied to block transendothelial passage in other
autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. On this same vein is the action of such a reagent in
impairing in vitro transendothial and fibronectin-driven migration of CD4+
and CD8+
T cells expressing
high densities of VLA-4 from Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients, thus potentially enlarging the use of
this strategy to other diseases. Yet, in a small number of patients, the use of Natalizumab has been correl ated with the progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, a serious brain infection caused by the John
Cunningham virus. This issue restricted the use of the reagent. In this respect, the development of smaller
and more specific antibody reagents should be envisioned as a next-generation promising strategy
Regime de informação em redes de movimentos sociais na saúde: uma análise da educação popular e saúde
No full textEsta publicação está disponível em acesso livre ao abrigo da licença Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). Ao utilizar o conteúdo da presente publicação, os usuários aceitam os termos de uso do Repositório UNESCO de acesso livre (www.unesco.org/open-ccess/terms-use-ccbysa-port)
Atuação do psicólogo na saúde e no Centro de Referência Especializado para a População em Situação de Rua (CENTRO POP) de Belford Roxo
No full textA Psicologia, em diálogo com a Saúde Coletiva, repensa a prática psicológica em contextos comunitários e institucionais. A participação do psicólogo na rede de proteção social é regulada pela Norma Operacional Básica de Recursos Humanos para o Sistema Único de Assistência Social (NOB-RH/SUAS). Com a criação do Centro de Referência Especializado para População em Situação de Rua (Centro Pop), o exercício profissional do psicólogo se depara com novos desafios e situações que devem ser amplamente estudados e compreendidos. O caráter recente do serviço impacta na não disponibilização, no instrumento regulador, de normas previstas para todas as situações que se apresentam. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar a atuação do psicólogo no Centro Pop, considerando políticas públicas existentes e o que é oferecido para a população em situação de rua. O referido trabalho tem como base pesquisa qualitativa realizada a partir de revisão de literatura, produzida a partir de 2009, data inicial de validação do Centro Pop (através do Decreto 7.053/2009), até o ano de 2019. A base empírica da pesquisa foi constituída pela fala dos entrevistados, obtidas através de entrevista semi-estruturadas realizadas com usuários do Centro Pop e com psicólogos que nele atuam, além de assistentes sociais que trabalhavam ou haviam trabalhado na instituição. Foram utilizados ainda documentos das três esferas de governo relacionados às políticas que instituíram os Centros Pop no âmbito do Serviço Social.Psychology, in dialogue with Public Health, rethinks psychological practice in community and institutional contexts. The psychologist's participation in the social protection network is regulated by the Basic Operational Standard for Human Resources for the Unified Social Assistance System (NOB-RH / SUAS). With the creation of the Specialized Reference Center for Homeless Population (Centro Pop), the psychologist's professional practice is faced with new challenges and situations that must be widely studied and understood. The recent nature of the service has an impact on the non-availability, in the regulatory instrument, of norms foreseen for all situations that present themselves. In this context, the objective of this study is to analyze the psychologist's performance at the Pop Center, considering existing public policies and what is offered to the homeless population. This work is based on a qualitative research carried out based on a literature review, produced from 2009, the initial date of validation of the Pop Center (through Decree 7.053 / 2009), until 2019. The empirical basis of the research was constituted by the speech of the interviewees, obtained through semi structured interviews carried out with users of the Pop Center and with psychologists who work in it, in addition to social workers who worked or had worked at the institution. Documents from the three spheres of government related to the policies that instituted the Pop Centers within the scope of Social Work were also used.202
Retinal Genomic Fabric Remodeling after Optic Nerve Injury
No full textGlaucoma is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease, characterized by degeneration of
the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). There has been little progress in developing efficient strategies for
neuroprotection in glaucoma. We profiled the retina transcriptome of Lister Hooded rats at 2 weeks
after optic nerve crush (ONC) and analyzed the data from the genomic fabric paradigm (GFP) to
bring additional insights into the molecular mechanisms of the retinal remodeling after induction of
RGC degeneration. GFP considers three independent characteristics for the expression of each gene:
level, variability, and correlation with each other gene. Thus, the 17,657 quantified genes in our study
generated a total of 155,911,310 values to analyze. This represents 8830x more data per condition
than a traditional transcriptomic analysis. ONC led to a 57% reduction in RGC numbers as detected
by retrograde labeling with 1,10
-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,30
-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI).
We observed a higher relative expression variability after ONC. Gene expression stability was
used as a measure of transcription control and disclosed a robust reduction in the number of very
stably expressed genes. Predicted protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis with STRING revealed
axon and neuron projection as mostly decreased processes, consistent with RGC degeneration.
Conversely, immune response PPIs were found among upregulated genes. Enrichment analysis
showed that complement cascade and Notch signaling pathway, as well as oxidative stress and kit
receptor pathway were affected after ONC. To expand our studies of altered molecular pathways, we
examined the pairwise coordination of gene expressions within each pathway and within the entire
transcriptome using Pearson correlations. ONC increased the number of synergistically coordinated
pairs of genes and the number of similar profiles mainly in complement cascade and Notch signaling
pathway. This deep bioinformatic study provided novel insights beyond the regulation of individual
gene expression and disclosed changes in the control of expression of complement cascade and Notch
signaling functional pathways that may be relevant for both RGC degeneration and remodeling of
the retinal tissue after ONC