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Executive secretariat of the open University of The Brazilian Public Health System (UNASUS) and Government School of Oswaldo cruz Foundation, Brasilia: working on intersectorality
No full textErrata: O capítulo é de autoria de Kellen Cristina da Silva Gasque, Alysson Feliciano Lemos e Maria Rezende. Houve um equívoco e a autoria deles só aparece no sumario do livro e na última página do documento.O Llivro completo está disponível no Acervo de Recursos Educacionais em Saúde (ARES) da UNASUS pelo link: https://ares.unasus.gov.br/acervo/handle/ARES/20378 e no Repositório Institucional da Fiocruz (ARCA) pelo link: https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/46419
A bidocência no ensino de Ciências nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
No full textEste estudo tem como foco de investigação a prática da bidocência como estratégia metodológica para o ensino de Ciências nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, bem como seus efeitos nas relações pedagógicas e na qualidade do ensino. O termo bidocência refere-se à atuação de dois professores que compartilham a docência numa mesma sala de aula, trabalhando juntos de forma colaborativa. Após definir o conceito e a origem do termo, a pesquisa descritiva de cunho qualitativo investigou a construção da bidocência no ensino de Ciências no Colégio Pedro II (CPII), apresentando questões pertinentes ao processo de trabalho docente, às relações interpessoais, à formação docente e práticas pedagógicas colaborativas. A coleta de dados deu-se por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com docentes do CPII. Os dados foram analisados através da metodologia da tematização (Fontoura, 2011) e interpretados à luz de referenciais teóricos como Beyer (2005, 2013), Tardif (2004, 2008) e Nóvoa (1992, 1995, 2001, 2016). Os resultados demonstraram que uma bidocência efetiva é aquela que acontece antes, durante, dentro e fora da sala de aula. Implica nos docentes planejarem e atuarem juntos, trabalhando em parceria, de forma colaborativa. Para isto, a bidocência deve ser uma escolha dos docentes e não imposta pela estrutura escolar. Embora a prática da bidocência apresente entraves, tensões e dificuldades, necessitando de discussões e ajustes quanto à sua execução, pode trazer contribuições significativas, enriquecendo as relações pedagógicas e contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade do ensino de Ciências à medida que proporciona troca de saberes docentes, formação permanente no exercício da profissão e favorece um ensino de Ciências mais prático, dinâmico e colaborativo.This study focuses on the investigation of the co-teaching practice as a methodological strategy for the teaching of Sciences in the first years of Elementary School, as well as its effects in the pedagogical relationships and the quality of teaching. The term co-teaching refers to two teachers who share the teaching in the same classroom, working together in a collaborative manner. After defining the concept and origin of the term, the descriptive research of qualitative characteristic investigated the construction of the co-teaching in the teaching of Sciences at Colégio Pedro II (CPII), presenting issues regarding the process of the teaching work, the interpersonal relationships, the teacher training and the collaborative pedagogical practices. The collection of data was made via semi-structured interviews with teachers from CPII. The date were analyzed through the methodology of theming (Fontoura, 2011) and interpreted under theoretical references such as Beyer (2005, 2013), Tardif (2004, 2008) and Nóvoa (1992, 1995, 2001, 2016). The results showed that an effective coteaching is that which occurs before, during, in and out of the classroom. It implies that teachers plan and work together, work in partnership, in a collaborative way. For that, co-teaching must be a choice of the teachers and not an imposition by the school structure. Although the co-teaching practice presents curbs, tensions and difficulties, needing discussions and adjustments regarding its execution, it may bring significant contributions, enriching the pedagogical relationships and contributing to the improvement of the quality of the teaching of Sciences while it provides an exchange of teaching knowledges, permanent training in the exercise of the profession, and enables a more practical, dynamic and collaborative teaching of Sciences
RE(significando) o processo de trabalho do apoio institucional: da Atenção Básica as Redes de Atenção à Saúde
No full textConsidero este documento um relato com caráter descritivo, crítico e reflexivo que apresenta as expectativas, escolhas e oportunidades profissionais e pessoais que constituíram parte do meu plano de vida. Trata-se de um registro singular, pois apresenta a trajetória de uma sanitarista que exerceu a função de Apoio Institucional (AI) no Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família da Fundação Estatal de Saúde da Família (FESFS-SUS) e Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), no período de março de 2018 a março de 2020, em um município da região metropolitana de Salvador
Do xote ao galope: o “arrastapé” de uma fisioterapeuta na residência multiprofissional em saúde da família
No full textEste trabalho caracteriza-se como memorial de formação, que se propõe a relatar e analisar
a minha vivência como fisioterapeuta residente do Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e
Atenção Básica no Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família, em um
município da região metropolitana de Salvador. Esta narrativa é dividida em quatro
capítulos. Abordam sobre múltiplas determinações da minha história de vida que se
relacionam com as escolhas profissionais; os aspectos clínico-assistencial e técnicopedagógico;
os embalos e impactos de pertencer ao NASF; a experiência de materialização
do Cuidando do Cuidador; e, por fim, as alegrias e angústias do segundo ano de residência.
As experiências desse período ampliaram o meu olhar sobre cuidar do outro, trabalho em
equipe, Estratégia de Saúde da Família e, essencialmente, sobre trabalho humanizado
In the presence of Trypanosoma cruzi antigens, activated peripheral T lymphocytes retained in the liver induce a proinflammatory phenotypic and functional shift in intrahepatic T lymphocyte
No full textIn secondary lymphoid organs, pathogen-derived and endogenous danger molecules are recognized by pattern recognition receptors, leading to adaptive proinflammatory immune responses. This conceptual rule does not apply directly to the liver, as hepatic immune cells tolerate gut-derived bacterial molecules from the flora. Therefore, the recognition of danger and proinflammatory stimuli differs between the periphery and the liver. However, the tolerant nature of the liver must be overcome in the case of infections or cancer, for example. The central paradigm is the basis for danger recognition and the balance between inflammation and tolerance in the liver. Here, we observed functional integration, with activated peripheral T lymphocytes playing a role in the induction of a proinflammatory environment in the liver in the presence of Trypanosoma cruzi antigens. When only parasite extract was orally administered, it led to the up-regulation of hepatic tolerance markers, but oral treatment plus adoptively transferred activated splenic T lymphocytes led to a proinflammatory response. Moreover, treated/recipient mice showed increased levels of TNF, IFN-γ, IL-6, and CCL2 in the liver and increased numbers of effector and/or effector memory T lymphocytes and F4/80+ cells. There was a reduction in FoxP3+ Treg cells, NKT cells, and γδ T lymphocytes with increased liver damage in the presence of activated peripheral T cells. Our results show that the induction of a proinflammatory liver response against T. cruzi danger molecules is at least partially dependent on cooperation with activated peripheral T cells
Benzoylthioureas: Design, Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Evaluation
No full textBackground: New drugs and strategies to treat tuberculosis (TB) are urgently needed. In this context, thiourea derivatives have a wide range of biological activities, including anti-TB. This fact can be illustrated with the structure of isoxyl, an old anti-TB drug, which has a thiourea as a pharmacophore group. Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the synthesis and the antimycobacterial activity of fifty-nine benzoylthioureas derivatives. Methods: Benzoylthiourea derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using the MABA assay. After that, a structure-activity relationship study of this series of compounds has been performed. Results and Discussion: Nineteen compounds exhibited antimycobacterial activity between 423.1 and 9.6 µM. In general, we observed that the presence of bromine, chlorine and t-Bu group at the para-position in benzene ring plays an important role in the antitubercular activity of Series A. These substituents were fixed at this position in benzene ring and other groups such as Cl, Br, NO2 and OMe were introduced in the benzoyl ring, leading to the derivatives of Series B. In general, Series B was less cytotoxic than Series A, which indicates that the presence of a substituent at benzoyl ring contributes to an improvement in both antimycobacterial activity and toxicity profiles. Conclusion: Compound 4c could be considered a good prototype to be submitted to further structural modifications in the search for new anti-TB drugs, since it is 1.8 times more active than the first line anti-TB drug ethambutol and 0.65 times less active than isoxyl.2060-01-0
Polypeptide with Asparaginase Activity, Expression Cassette, Expression Vector, Host Cell, Pharmaceutical Composition, Methods for Producing a Polypeptide with Asparaginase Activity and for Preventing or Treating Cancer, and Use of a Polypeptide
No full textThe present invention refers to polypeptides with asparaginase activity that have an increased rate of self-processing compared to human wild L-asparaginase (ASRGL1), with mutation in the ASRGL1 glycine rich loop called HGG loop (Histidine 8-Glycine 9-Glycine 10). Polynucleotides that encode the polypeptides of invention are also described here, expression cassettes comprising so-called polynucleotides, expression vectors, host cells, pharmaceutical compositions, uses of the invention polypeptide in the manufacture of a preventive medicine or cancer treatment and methods to produce the polypeptide of invention and to prevent or treat cancer.BrasilOrganização Mundial para Propriedade Intelectual OMPIChinaEscritório de Patentes EuropeuEstados Unidos da AméricaÍndiaCanad
Occurrence of multiple genotype infection caused by Leishmania infantum in naturally infected dogs
No full textGenetic polymorphisms in natural Leishmania populations have been reported in endemic
areas. Microsatellite typing is a useful tool to elucidate the genetic variability of parasite
strains, due to its capability for high-resolution mapping of genomic targets. The present
study employed multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) to explore the genotypic composition of Leishmania infantum in naturally infected dogs by genotyping parasites infecting different tissues with or without in vitro expansion. Eighty-six samples were collected from 46
animals in an endemic region of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). MLMT was performed for 38
spleen samples and 48 L. infantum cultures isolated from different tissues. Of the 86 samples, 23 were effectively genotyped by MLMT, identifying nine multilocus genotypes (MLG;
referred to as MLG A–I). MLGs A, B and C were detected in more than one type of tissue
and in more than one sample. Conversely, MLG D-I were uniquely detected in one sample
each. The results showed that multiple genotype infections occur within a single host and tissue. Paired sample analysis revealed the presence of different MLMT alleles in 14 dogs,
while the same MLG allele was present in 15 animals. STRUCTURE analysis demonstrated
the presence of two populations; 13 samples displayed a similar admixture of both ancestral
populations, and these were not assigned to any population. Only samples for which Q �
0.70 after CLUMPP alignment were considered to be part of Population 1 (POP1) or Population 2 (POP2). POP2 comprised the majority of samples (n = 54) compared to POP1 (n =
19). This study presents evidence of multiple genotype infections (caused by L. infantum) in
dogs in an area with high VL transmission. Further investigations must be undertaken to
determine the effects of multiple infection on the host immune response and disease
dynamics and treatment
Deep-sequencing reveals occult mansonellosis co-infections in residents from the Brazilian Amazon village of São Gabriel da Cachoeira
No full textMansonella ozzardi and Mansonella perstans infections both cause mansonellosis, but are
usually treated differently. Using a real-time PCR assay and deep-sequencing, we reveal the
presence of mansonellosis co-infections that were undetectable by standard diagnostic
methods. Our results confirm mansonellosis co-infections and have important implications for
the disease´s treatment and diagnosis