ARCA (Fiocruz - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz)

Oswaldo Cruz Foundation

ARCA (Fiocruz - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz)
Not a member yet
    28492 research outputs found

    Child behavior during the social distancing in the COVID-19 pandemic

    No full text
    Objetivo: Descrever as atividades diárias realizadas por crianças de 6 a 12 anos incompletos e analisar o comportamento infantil durante distanciamento social diante da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo transversal com crianças em fase escolar, residentes no Brasil. Os dados foram coletados via formulário on-line. Para análise da associação de variáveis categóricas com comportamento infantil, aplicou-se teste exato de Fisher; quando significante, utilizou-se o odds ratio. Foram considerados resultados estatisticamente significantes valores de p < 0,05. Resultados: Analisados dados de 530 crianças: 50,3% do sexo feminino, 71,3% da Região Sudeste, 73% em distanciamento social integral; 52% apresentaram ansiedade, e esta associou-se significativamente com alterações no sono e apetite. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam a necessidade de pais/responsáveis estimularem momentos para a criança se expressar, não minimizando seus sentimentos e provendo suporte emocional a fim de se atenuar o impacto negativo desses sentimentos sobre a saúde mental e física da criança.Objective: To describe the daily activities performed by children from 6 to 12 years of age incomplete and analyze children’s behavior during social distancing in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study with children in a learning stage living in Brazil. The data were collected via online form. Fisher’s exact test was applied to analyze the association of categorical variables with child behavior; when significant, it was used the odds ratio. It was considered results considered statistically significant those presenting values of p < 0.05. Results: Data from 530 children were analyzed: 50.3% female, 71.3% from the Southeast Region, 73% in fulltime social distancing, 52% presented anxiety, which was significantly associated with changes in sleep and appetite. Conclusion: The results indicate the need for parents/caretakers to stimulate moments for the child to express themselves, not minimizing their feelings and providing emotional support to mitigate the negative impact of these feelings on the child’s mental and physical health.Objetivo: Describir las actividades diarias realizadas por niños de 6 a 12 años incompletos y analizar la conducta infantil durante aislamiento social frente a la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio transversal con niños en fase escolar, residentes en Brasil. Los datos recogidos vía formulario online. Para análisis de la relación de variables categóricas con conducta infantil, se aplicó test exacto de Fisher; cuando significante, se utilizó el odds ratio. Considerados resultados estadísticamente significantes valores de p < 0,05. Resultados: Analizados datos de 530 niños: 50,3% del sexo femenino, 71,3% de la Región Sudeste, 73% en aislamiento social integral; 52% presentaron ansiedad, y esta se relacionó significativamente con alteraciones en el sueño y apetito. Conclusión: Resultados apuntan la necesidad de padres/responsables estimularen momentos para el niño expresarse, no minimizando sus sentimientos y proveyendo suporte emocional para atenuarse el impacto negativo de esos sentimientos sobre la salud mental y física del niño

    Saúde Amanhã: Textos para Discussão 74: O gasto em saúde e suas bases de financiamento: dinâmica e tendências para o Brasil

    No full text
    Publicação cujo objetivo é divulgar resultados de estudos desenvolvidos no âmbito do Projeto Saúde Amanhã, disseminando informações sobre a prospecção estratégica em saúde, em um horizonte móvel de 20 anos. Busca, ainda, estabelecer um espaço para discussões e debates entre os profissionais especializados e instituições do setor. As opiniões emitidas nesta publicação são de exclusiva e de inteira responsabilidade do autor, não exprimindo, necessariamente, o ponto de vista da Fiocruz/MS. O projeto Saúde Amanhã é conduzido pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) no contexto da “Estratégia Fiocruz para a Agenda 2030”/Fiocruz. É permitida a reprodução deste texto e dos dados nele contidos, desde que citada a fonte. Reproduções para fins comerciais são proibidas.Fernando Gaiger Silveira, da Universidade Federal Fluminense, foi convidado pela Fiocruz, para autoria e desenvolvimento do conteúdo do trabalho. Maria Luiza Campos Gaiger, da Universidade de Brasília, foi convidada pela Fiocruz, para autoria e desenvolvimento do conteúdo do trabalho.No presente trabalho não se busca realizar projeções do gasto em saúde, nem mesmo do setor público, mas analisar os estudos prospectivos sobre o tema. Com isso, cotejar as tendências que tais estudos apontam para o gasto com os caminhos que vem se experimentando na alteração dos sistemas tributários, dadas as mudanças nos mercados de trabalho, de consumo, patrimoniais e financeiros – as bases de incidência dos tributos – e a incorporação da agenda ambiental na tributação

    Metabolic status is not associated with job stress in individuals with obesity: the ELSA‑Brasil baseline

    No full text
    Purpose Job stress has proven to be a relevant cause of stress for adults, but its efect on the development of metabolic alterations in individuals with obesity is still poorly explored. We aimed to investigate the association between job stress and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) phenotype in participants with obesity at the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) baseline assessment. Methods This study analyzed data collected at the baseline examination between 2008 and 2010. A total of 2371 individuals with obesity were included. Two metabolic phenotypes were characterized based on the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey criteria. The job stress scale was based on the Brazilian version of the Swedish Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire. The association between job stress domains and MUO phenotype was assessed by binary logistic models. Results In our sample, 1297 (54.7%) participants were women, mean age was 49.6±7.1 years and 1696 (71.5%) had MUO. Low skill discretion was associated with MUO after adjustment for age, sex and race. However, in fully-adjusted models, the MUO phenotype was not associated with high job demand (odds ratio [OR]=1.05; 95% confdence interval [95%CI] 0.82–1.35), low skill discretion (OR=1.26; 95%CI 0.95–1.68), low decision authority (OR=0.94; 95%CI 0.70–1.25) nor low social support (OR=0.93; 95%CI 0.71–1.20). Conclusion We found a signifcant association between low skill discretion and an adverse metabolic profle in models adjusted for age, sex and race. No associations were signifcant between job stress domains and the metabolic profle of individuals with obesity in full models

    Evolution of Toll, Spatzle and MyD88 in insects: the problem of the Diptera bias

    No full text
    Background: Arthropoda, the most numerous and diverse metazoan phylum, has species in many habitats where they encounter various microorganisms and, as a result, mechanisms for pathogen recognition and elimination have evolved. The Toll pathway, involved in the innate immune system, was first described as part of the developmental pathway for dorsal-ventral differentiation in Drosophila. Its later discovery in vertebrates suggested that this system was extremely conserved. However, there is variation in presence/absence, copy number and sequence divergence in various genes along the pathway. As most studies have only focused on Diptera, for a comprehensive and accurate homology-based approach it is important to understand gene function in a number of different species and, in a group as diverse as insects, the use of species belonging to different taxonomic groups is essential. Results: We evaluated the diversity of Toll pathway gene families in 39 Arthropod genomes, encompassing 13 different Insect Orders. Through computational methods, we shed some light into the evolution and functional annotation of protein families involved in the Toll pathway innate immune response. Our data indicates that: 1) intracellular proteins of the Toll pathway show mostly species-specific expansions; 2) the different Toll subfamilies seem to have distinct evolutionary backgrounds; 3) patterns of gene expansion observed in the Toll phylogenetic tree indicate that homology based methods of functional inference might not be accurate for some subfamilies; 4) Spatzle subfamilies are highly divergent and also pose a problem for homology based inference; 5) Spatzle subfamilies should not be analyzed together in the same phylogenetic framework; 6) network analyses seem to be a good first step in inferring functional groups in these cases. We specifically show that understanding Drosophila’s Toll functions might not indicate the same function in other species. Conclusions: Our results show the importance of using species representing the different orders to better understand insect gene content, origin and evolution. More specifically, in intracellular Toll pathway gene families the presence of orthologues has important implications for homology based functional inference. Also, the different evolutionary backgrounds of Toll gene subfamilies should be taken into consideration when functional studies are performed, especially for TOLL9, TOLL, TOLL2_7, and the new TOLL10 clade. The presence of Diptera specific clades or the ones lacking Diptera species show the importance of overcoming the Diptera bias when performing functional characterization of Toll pathways

    Artvismo musical y feminismos: arte y política en las disputas visuales y relacionadas con el derecho de existir de las disensiones sexuales y de géneros

    No full text
    Rosamaria Luiza de Melo Rocha da Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing teve seu artigo submetido e aprovado na edição da RECIIS - Dossiê Feminismos: perspectivas em comunicação e informação em saúde, parte 1 v. 15 n.2 (2021)Em entrevista à Reciis, a cientista Rose de Melo Rocha compreende seus estudos baseados em um conhecimento encarnado que se espraia por suas atuações como pesquisadora, professora e cidadã. Em sua trajetória intelectual, procura pensar a comunicação como um processo de vinculação com implicações afetuais e subjetivas em temas como culturas urbanas, juvenis e audiovisualidades. Tais temáticas se entrecruzam e se reencontram nos seus estudos recentes sobre corporalidades e dissidências sexuais e de gênero. Rose de Melo Rocha observa o entretenimento e, particularmente, o que denomina de artivismo musical de gênero como um campo de ruptura em relação à arte e a um posicionamento ativista que problematiza a política institucional. As cantoras Pabllo Vittar e Linn da Quebrada são pensadas como entradas protagônicas e dissidentes nas disputas audiovisuais, construindo outras audiovisualidades como projeções de utopias realizáveis. O que importa para a pesquisadora, e para os grupos nos quais se aliança, é ir além do discurso da resistência a fim de fortalecer o direito de existir, o direito à presença. Nesse sentido, defende um feminismo que não se restrinja a um essencialismo identitário. Rose de Melo Rocha é professora titular e pesquisadora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Práticas de Consumo da Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing de São Paulo (ESPM/SP).In an interview given to Reciis (Revista Eletrônica de Comunicação, Informação & Inovação em Saúde – Electronic Journal of Communication, Information & Innovation in Health), Fiocruz, Brazil, the scientist Rose de Melo Rocha reveals how her studies are based on an embodied knowledge that spreads over her acting as reseacher, professor and citizen. In her intellectual trajectory, she searches for a thinking on communication as a bonding process that has ‘affective’ and subjective implications for themes such as urban and youthful cultures, and audiovisuals. Such thematic approaches intersect as well come together in her recent studies about corporality and sexual and gender dissidence. Rose de Melo Rocha observes the entertainment and particularly what she calls the ‘gender musical artivism’ and she see them as a field of rupture regarding the art and an activist posture that poses under discussion the institutional politics. The singers Pabllo Vittar and Linn da Quebrada are seen as emblematic protagonists and dissidents in audiovisual disputes, building others audiovisuals as projections of attainable utopias. What is important to the researcher and to groups with she has alliances is go beyond the discourse of resistance so that to strengthen the right to exist, the right to the presence. In this sense, she advocates a feminism that is not restricted to an identity essentialism. Rose de Melo Rocha is a professor and reseacher in the Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Práticas de Consumo at Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing de São Paulo (ESPM/SP), Brazil.En una entrevista concedida a Reciis (Revista Eletrônica de Comunicação, Informação & Inovação em Saúde – Revista Electrónica de Comunicación, Información & Innovación en Salud), Fiocruz, Brasil, la científica Rose de Melo Rocha revela cómo sus estudios se basan en un conocimiento encarnado que se extiende en sus actuaciones como investigadora, profesora universitaria y ciudadana. En su trayectoria intelectual busca pensar en la comunicación como un proceso de vinculación que tiene implicaciones ‘afectivas’ y subjetivas para temas como las culturas urbanas y juvenis y los audiovisuales. Estos enfoques temáticos se entrecruzan y se reencuentran en sus recientes estudios sobre corporalidad y disensiones sexuales y de género. Rose de Melo Rocha observa el entretenimiento y, en particular, el que ella denomina ‘artvismo musical de género’ y los ve como un campo de ruptura con respecto al arte y un posicionamiento activista que problematiza la política institucional. Las cantoras Pabllo Vittar and Linn da Quebrada son vistas como protagonistas y disidentes emblemáticas en disputas audiovisuales, construyendo otros audiovisuales como proyección de utopias realizables. El que es de importancia para la investigadora y para los grupos con los cuales ella tiene alianza es ir más allá del discurso de resistencia para que se fortalezca el derecho de existir, el derecho a la presencia. En este sentido, ella aboga por un feminismo que no se limite al esencialismo identitario. Rose de Melo Rocha es profesora universitaria y investigadora en el Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Práticas de Consumo de la Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing de São Paulo (ESPM/SP), Brasil

    Natural products targeting into cancer hallmarks: an update on caffeine, theobromine, and (+)-catechin

    No full text
    Produção científica do Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental e Computacional de Fármacos.Natural products have been studied to reveal new therapies against human dysfunctions since they present several medicinal properties. Caffeine, theobromine and (+)-catechin are remarkable natural agents in the class of methylxanthines and flavonoids. These bioactive molecules have several biological activities, for instance, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor capacity. In this sense, studies focusing on these molecules have been performed to discover new treatments against diseases, such as cancer. Cancer is a serious public health problem worldwide responsible for more than 70% of all deaths globally. Industrialized products associated with a sedentary lifestyle and a diet low in antioxidants are related to neoplasms development. Unfortunately, many types of cancers are extremely aggressive and untreatable since, in many cases, they are resistant to chemotherapy. Therefore, revealing new strategies to block cancer growth is one of the biggest challenges to science. In this context, despite the known anticancer actions of caffeine, theobromine and (+)-catechin, it is still essential to elucidate the causal antitumor mechanism of these molecules by analyzing the dysfunctional cancer pathways associated with the hallmarks of cancer. Hence, this review aims to describe the anticancer activity of caffeine, theobromine, and (+)-catechin against the different hallmarks and enabling characteristics of cancer

    The importance of Planning and Contract Management in meeting the demands of the Unified Health System: a proposal for the Pharmaceutical Technology Institute

    No full text
    A gestão dos recursos públicos dá-se inevitavelmente por um efetivo planejamento e gerenciamento das compras públicas. As contratações públicas devem ser norteadas por procedimentos claros, não apenas do ponto de vista da legalidade, mas também por ações que busquem a eficiência nas aquisições. Com esse propósito a Secretaria de Gestão do Ministério da Economia publicou a Instrução Normativa n° 01/2018, que instituiu o Sistema de Planejamento e Gerenciamento de Contratações (SPGC) e impôs a elaboração do Plano Anual de Contratações (PAC) de bens, serviços, obras e soluções de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicações no âmbito da Administração Pública federal direta, autárquica e fundacional (BRASIL, 2018). O sistema de planejamento, busca o aperfeiçoamento da governança e a gestão de suas contratações, possibilitando a maximização dos resultados institucionais e o uso racional dos recursos públicos. Visando identificar as ferramentas dos sistemas de planejamento e contratação, o presente trabalho buscou analisar e observar o Planejamento e Contratações, e suas correlações no atendimento das demandas do Sistema Único de Saúde. Além disso, propor um modelo de Plano Anual Integrado de Contratações para o Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos - Farmanguinhos.The management of public resources inevitably takes place through effective planning and management of public purchases. Public procurement must be guided by clear procedures, not only from the point of view of legality, but also by actions that seek efficiency in acquisitions. For this purpose, the Management Secretariat of the Ministry of Economy published Normative Instruction No. 01/2018, which established the Contract Planning and Management System (SPGC) and imposed the preparation of the Annual Contracting Plan (PAC) for goods, services , Information and Communications Technology works and solutions within the scope of the direct, autonomous and foundational federal Public Administration (BRASIL, 2018). The planning system seeks to improve governance and the management of its contracts, enabling the maximization of institutional results and the rational use of public resources. Aiming to identify the tools of the planning and contracting systems, the present work sought to analyze and observe the Planning and Contracting, and its correlations in meeting the demands of the Unified Health System. In addition, to propose a model of an Integrated Annual Contracting Plan for the Instituto de Tecnologia em Pármacos - Farmanguinhos

    Programa Bolsa Família e saneamento: uma revisão sistemática dos efeitos na diarreia e na desnutrição

    No full text
    The Bolsa Família Programme and environmental health interventions are public policies that can have a combined positive effect on health inequities. The Bolsa Família Programme is designed to improve health conditions, reduce food insecurity and increase family incomes. Environmental health interventions aim to ensure public health and environmental protection. This study reviewed the literature for possible interactions between these two types of intervention that influence morbidity and mortality outcomes due to diarrhoea and malnutrition in the under-fives. A total of 1,658 articles were identified in the LILACS, SciELO and PubMed databases. The studies’ methodologies were evaluated by scores on an adapted Downs & Black scale and four met all the study inclusion criteria. The findings showed evidence of the positive independent effects of the Bolsa Família Programme and of environmental health interventions in reducing illness and death from diarrhoea and malnutrition in the study age group. However, none of the articles offered results that might elucidate a joint effect of these public policies on an interaction model, revealing a gap in the literature on these diseases attributable particularly to poverty

    Viral Loads of SARS-CoV-2 in Young Children

    No full text
    O artigo possui comentários de Alexandro Guterres. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Hantaviruses and Rickettsioses Laboratory. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.202

    205

    full texts

    28,492

    metadata records
    Updated in last 30 days.
    ARCA (Fiocruz - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz) is based in Brazil
    Access Repository Dashboard
    Do you manage ARCA (Fiocruz - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz)? Access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard!