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Impact of HIV co-infection on immunological biomarker profile of HTLV-1 infected patients
No full textThe impact of HIV co-infection on the plasma immunological biomarker profile of HTLV-1 infected patients was evaluated. The plasma levels of leukotrienes and chemokines/cytokines were quantified by ELISA and Cytometric Bead Array. A total of 138 volunteers were enrolled and divided into two subgroups ("HTLV-1(+)HIV(-)" and "HTLV-1(+)(HIV(+)"), which were categorized according to the HTLV-1-associated neurological disease (AS, pHAM and HAM). Reference controls were BD and HIV mono-infected patients. HAM(+) exhibited higher CD4+ T-cell counts as compared to HIV+ mono-infected patients and lower HTLV-1 proviral load as compared to mono-infected HAM(-) patients. AS(+) exhibited higher levels of CysLT, CXCL8/IL-8 and lower levels of CCL5/RANTES as compared to AS(-). Increased levels of IL-6 and TNF with reduced levels of CXCL10/IP10 and CCL5/RANTES were observed in co-infected pHAM(+) as compared to mono-infected pHAM(-). HAM(+) patients revealed an increase in CXCL8/IL-8, CCL2/MCP-1, CXCL-10/IP-10, TNF and a decrease in IL-2 as compared to HAM(-) subgroup
O chatbot como ferramenta de gestão da informação sobre ensino na Fiocruz: relatório descritivo do 1º trimestre
No full textEsse relatório é o resultado dos primeiros 3 meses de trabalho do Projeto “O chatbot como ferramenta de gestão da informação sobre ensino na Fiocruz” aprovado pelo Edital Inova Gestão. Dentro das atividades previstas está a produção desse relatório como melhoria contínua da gestão.Edital Inova Gestão/Fiocru
Combination of antiviral drugs to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 polymerase and exonuclease as potential COVID-19 therapeutics
No full textProdução científica do Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia.Produção científica do Laboratório de Pesquisa sobre o Timo.SARS-CoV-2 has an exonuclease-based proofreader, which removes nucleotide inhibitors such as Remdesivir that are incorporated into the viral RNA during replication, reducing the efficacy of these drugs for treating COVID-19. Combinations of inhibitors of both the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the exonuclease could overcome this deficiency. Here we report the identification of hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitors Pibrentasvir and Ombitasvir as SARS-CoV-2 exonuclease inhibitors. In the presence of Pibrentasvir, RNAs terminated with the active forms of the prodrugs Sofosbuvir, Remdesivir, Favipiravir, Molnupiravir and AT-527 were largely protected from excision by the exonuclease, while in the absence of Pibrentasvir, there was rapid excision. Due to its unique structure, Tenofovir-terminated RNA was highly resistant to exonuclease excision even in the absence of Pibrentasvir. Viral cell culture studies also demonstrate significant synergy using this combination strategy. This study supports the use of combination drugs that inhibit both the SARS-CoV-2 polymerase and exonuclease for effective COVID-19 treatment.202
In-depth analysis of laboratory parameters reveals the interplay between sex, age, and systemic inflammation in individuals with COVID-19
No full textFernando Augusto Bozza - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Medicina Intensiva. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Documento produzido em parceria ou por autor vinculado à Fiocruz, mas não consta à informação no documento.Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (grant number 313662/2017-7 to H.I.N.); the São Paulo Research Foundation (grant numbers 2018/14933-2 to H.I.N. and P.M.;2018/21934-5 to H.I. N;2017/27131-9 to H.I.N. and P.M.;2013/08216-2 to F.Q.C. and H.I.
N.;2019/27139-5 to J.C.S.S.;2019/13880-5 to A.N.A.G.); Fundação Faculdade de Medicina (TO 206.304); andCAPES. The work by B.B.
A. was supported by the Intramural Research Program of Fundação Oswaldo Cruz.Background: The progression and severity of COVID-19 vary significantly in the population. While the hallmarks of SARS-CoV-2 and severe COVID-19 within routine laboratory parameters are emerging, the impact of sex and age on these profiles is still unknown. Methods: A multidimensional analysis was performed involving millions of records of laboratory parameters and diagnostic tests for 178 887 individuals from Brazil, of whom 33 266 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Analyzed data included those relating to complete blood cell count, electrolytes, metabolites, arterial blood gases, enzymes, hormones, cancer biomarkers, and others. Findings: COVID-19 induced similar alterations in laboratory parameters in males and females. CRP and ferritin were increased, especially in older men with COVID-19, whereas abnormal liver function tests were common across several age groups, except for young women. Low peripheral blood basophils and eosinophils were more common in the elderly with COVID-19. Both male and female COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units displayed alterations in the coagulation system, and higher values for neutrophils, CRP, and lactate dehydrogenase. Conclusions: Our study uncovered the laboratory profiles of a large cohort of COVID-19 patients, which formed the basis of discrepancies influenced by aging and biological sex. These profiles directly linked COVID-19 disease presentation to an intricate interplay between sex, age, and immune activation
Seminários Avançados em Saúde Global e Diplomacia da Saúde: Sobre a pandemia no continente africano
No full textSARS‑CoV‑2 genomic surveillance in Rondônia, Brazilian Western Amazon
No full textSARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly around the world, with Brazil currently considered an epicenter of the pandemic. The Northern region has the second highest incidence coefficient, as well as the third highest mortality rate in the country. This study aimed to investigate information about the evolutionary history of epidemic spread and genetic aspects of strains isolated on the Western Amazon, in the State of Rondônia, Brazil. It was possible to detect a total of 22 mutations. Some of these alterations may possibly be related to effects on transmissibility, the fidelity of RNA replication, the ability of cancer patients to respond to infection, beyond a mutation that emerged after the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 in Rondônia. At least two events of introduction were detected, corresponding to the B.1 and B.1.1 European lineages. An introduction was observed possibly through Argentina, where strains originated that circulated in the Minas Gerais and Ceará Brazilian states, prior to Rondônia (B.1.), as well as through the Minas Gerais state and the Federal District, which gave rise to strains that spread to Rondônia, from the capital to more rural parts of the state (B.1.1.). The findings show the need to monitor the genetic epidemiology of COVID-19, in order to surveil the virus’s evolution, dispersion and diversity
Feminismos como puntos de intercambio: comunicación y salud frente al silencio
No full textFlavia Pinto Leiroz da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, do Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, da Escola de Comunicação teve seu artigo submetido e aprovado na edição da RECIIS - Dossiê Feminismos: perspectivas em comunicação e informação em saúde, parte 1 v. 15 n.2 (2021)Patrícia Cardoso D'Abreu da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, do Centro de Artes, do Departamento de Comunicação Social teve seu artigo submetido e aprovado na edição da RECIIS - Dossiê Feminismos: perspectivas em comunicação e informação em saúde, parte 1 v. 15 n.2 (2021)A saúde da mulher é concebida de maneira controversa. De forma restrita, o entendimento pelo viés da biologia e da anatomia do corpo aprisiona a mulher na função reprodutiva, limitando-se à saúde materna; de forma ampliada, dialoga com direitos humanos e cidadania, evocando questões de gênero que fomentam a luta por direitos sexuais e reprodutivos, e mostrando que saúde e doença são processos cujos contextos específicos dão a ver sociabilidades, diferenças de classe, fatores econômicos, práticas culturais e historicidades
Graphene quantum dots decorated with imatinib for leukemia treatment
No full textThe use of graphene quantum dots as biomedical device and drug delivery system has been increasing. This nano platform of pure carbon has showed unique properties and showed to be safe for human use. The imatinib is a
molecule designed to specifically inhibit the tyrosine kinase, used for leukemia treatment. In this study, we
successfully decorated the graphene quantum dots (GQDs@imatinb) by a carbodiimide crosslinking reaction.
The GQDs@imatinb were characterized by FTIR and AFM. The nanoparticles’ in vitro behaviors were evaluated
by cellular trafficking (internalization) assay and cell viability and apoptosis assays in various cancer cell lines,
including suspension (leukemia) cells and adherent cancer cells. The results showed that the incorporation of the
imatinib on the surface of the graphene quantum dots did not change the nanoparticles’ morphology and
properties. The GQDs@imatinb could be efficiently internalized and kill cancer cells via the induction of
apoptosis. The data indicated that the prepared GQDs@imatinb might be a great drug nano-platform for cancer,
particularly leukemia treatments
HIV/Aids and COVID-19 in Brazil: in four decades, two antithetical approaches to face serious pandemics
No full textIn the space of four decades, Brazil has faced two serious pandemics: human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The country’s response to HIV/AIDS was coordinated by several
stakeholders and recognised the importance of scientific evidence in guiding decision-making, and a network offering monitoring
and antiretroviral treatment was provided through coordinated efforts by the country’s universal health system. Conversely, the lack
of a centrally coordinated strategy and misalignment between government ministries regarding the COVID-19 pandemic response,
together with the denial of scientific evidence, promotion of ineffective treatments and insufficient vaccination efforts, have all led
to the uncontrolled spread of infection, the near-total collapse of the health system and excess deaths
Stereoselective synthesis of (−)‐cytoxazone and its unnatural congener (+)‐5‐epi‐cytoxazone
No full textAn interesting protocol for stereoselective synthesis of (−)‐cytoxazone and its unnatural stereoisomer (+)‐5‐epi‐cytoxazone from d‐4‐hydroxyphenylglycine in overall yields of 10% and 16%, respectively, is described. The stereoselective addition of cyanide to an N‐Boc protected aminoaldehyde (tert‐butyl ((R)‐1‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐2‐oxoethyl)carbamate) (5) constitutes the key step in this approach, producing a mixture of cyanohydrins 6a and b (1,2‐anti and 1,2‐syn tert‐butyl (2‐cyano‐2‐hydroxy‐1‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)ethyl)carbamate) in 89% yield, with reasonable stereoselectivity (1.0:1.8) in favor of the anti‐Felkin product (1,2‐syn). A one‐pot sequence of three successive steps from this mixture produced the oxazolidinone isomers 9a and b ((4R,5R)‐ and (4R,5S)‐4‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐2‐oxooxazolidine‐5‐carboxylate). Chromatographic column separation and reduction of the ester function of both precursors led to (−)‐cytoxazone and (+)‐5‐epi‐cytoxazone