Vienna University of Economics and Business
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Positive Externalities of EU Actions on Sustainability of Health Systems
Full text linkThis chapter summarises the role of EU actions in supporting health care policies in the EU Member States, both looking at implemented actions and describing current priorities for the future. It argues that these coordinated actions can be beneficial for EU Member States by helping them to avoid duplication of effort and to attain economies of scale. Moreover, data sharing with proper safeguards can unleash vast amount of "learning what works" both for medical treatments and for healthcare sustainability measures. The need for this common learning appears ever more urgent while facing the health and economic consequences of the present pandemic
Design of a Process Mining Alignment Method for Building Big Data Analytics Capabilities
Full text linkProcess mining is a big data analytics technique that supports business process management in an evidence-based way. Nowadays, companies struggle to build the required capabilities that lift process mining beyond technical proof-of-concept implementations. As research on process mining is largely limited to algorithm design and project management recommendations, current research does not understand well how process mining and complementary resources and capabilities can be aligned. By understanding those interrelations, companies learn to leverage their organizational potential during the execution of process mining more effectively and efficiently. In this paper, we address this research gap by using the design science research approach to develop a process mining alignment method. Our method supports companies mapping their individual technical requirements of process mining to their underlying organizational resources. We evaluate our method through a series of interviews with IT consultants
Contemporary Philanthropy in the Spotlight: Pushing the Boundaries of Research on a Global and Contested Social Practice
Full text linkThis article is intended as the leading article in a special issue devoted to the achievements, limitations, opportunities and risks entailed in the research and practice of contemporary philanthropy. The article first characterizes philanthropy as a highly diverse and dynamic set of social practices that has only recently been subject to the systematic scrutiny of an emerging field of research, parallel to its rapid transformation and increased societal visibility. The main debates that emerged during the last two decades while researching the complexities of contemporary philanthropy are contextualized from the perspective of multiple disciplines; and the main foci for contentious conceptualizations and societal expectations explored. In this context, contributions of the special issues are summarized. Further avenues for pushing the boundaries of philanthropy research in ways inclusive of the dynamism, diversity, multi-disciplinarity and controversy that characterize the field, while at the same time providing meaningful answers to societal concerns about the potential and shortcomings of new philanthropic practices, are drawn
Inbound and Outbound Medical Travel in Austria
Full text linkPurpose: The purpose of this paper is twofold: First, it analyzes demand and supply-side factors that influence patient flows to and from Austria. Second, building on the empirical research and existing conceptualizations, the study offers a general extended framework to guide future comparative analysis.
Design/methodology/approach: The paper draws on multiple data sources including a literature review, secondary data, website analysis and semi-structured interviews with patients and health providers. Content analysis was carried out to identify common motives for seeking care abroad and providers' orientation towards medical travel.
Findings: Outbound medical travel is largely determined by factors of access, affordability and vicinity, while inbound medical travel is predominately driven by a lack of adequate medical infrastructure in source countries and quality, both in terms of medical and service quality. Providers distinguish themselves according to the extent they take part in medical travel.
Research limitations/implications: The findings emerging from a single country case study approach cannot be generalized across settings and contexts, albeit contributing to a better understanding of current medical travel patterns in Europe.
Originality/value: Unlike most recent contributions, this study focuses both on inbound and outbound medical travel in Austria and investigates patient flows for distinctive treatments and drivers. While analysis of the supply-side of medical travel is often limited to tourism studies, this study provides a critical insight into developments in Europe from a health policy perspective, acknowledging that diverse medical travel patterns in Europe coexist
The Effects of Information and Communication Technology Use on Human Energy and Fatigue: A Review
Full text linkInformation and communication technologies (ICTs) are generally assumed to save time and energy, yet user fatigue due to ICT use is on the rise. The question about the effects of ICT use on human energy and fatigue is marred by inconsistencies in terminology, definitions, and measures. The aim of this paper is therefore twofold. First, we provide a consolidation and classification of subjective energy and fatigue concepts from four leading research areas. Second, we review the empirical literature on the relationship between ICT use and seven different subjective energy and fatigue concepts from the four areas. We show that ICT use can both energize and fatigue users, sometimes even at the same time, a phenomenon that we term Digital Fatigue Paradox. Overall, there is more evidence for the fatiguing effect, which also appear to be stronger, even though ICT users might actually believe the opposite to be true. By consolidating the mechanisms through which ICT use energizes and fatigues users in a conceptual model, we provide initial explanation for the paradox and derive implications for organizational policy, ICT design, and regulation that strive to improve the user experience with ICTs and prevent ill-being, i.e., foster well-being.Series: Working Papers / Institute for IS & Societ
Integrated express shipment service network design with customer choice and endogenous delivery time restrictions
Full text linkExpress parcel carriers offer a wide range of guaranteed delivery times in order to separate customers who value quick delivery from those that are less time but more price sensitive. To reflect the additional complexity this segmentation adds to the task of optimizing the logistics operations, we present a new model that accounts for the interplay between pricing of due times, customer decisions and the associated restrictions in the distribution process. This profit-maximizing express shipment service network design problem is solved by a heuristic solution approach that simultaneously determines the ideal set of offered delivery times, the associated pricing scheme and the load plan in order to maximize profit. High-quality solutions for realistically-sized instances are derived by a genetic-algorithm-based heuristic that exploits information of previously evaluated iterations. Using this new integrated approach, we provide insight on the potential benefit of an integrated model over sequential optimization of revenue and delivery cost. We also investigate the impact of tighter delivery due times on resource requirements and whether more granular service segmentation can be considered a profitable strategy in multimodal express parcel delivery networks
The impact of digital logistics start-ups on incumbent firms: a business model perspective
Full text linkPurpose – Digital freight forwarder (DFF) start-ups and their associated business models have gained increasing attention within both academia and industry. However, there is a lack of empirical research investigating the differences between DFFs and traditional freight forwarders (TFF) and the impact of digital start-ups on incumbents’ companies. In response, this study aims to examine the key business model characteristics that determine DFFs and TFFs and propose a framework illustrating the extent to which digital logistics start-ups influence incumbent logistics companies.
Design/methodology/approach – Based on the primary data gathered from eight interviews with experts from start-ups’ and incumbents’ logistics companies, as well as secondary data, the authors identify the main factors of DFFs start-ups that have an impact on TFFs and analyze the similarities and differences in regard to the business model components’ value proposition, value creation, value delivery and value capture.
Findings – The results show that differences between DFFs and TFFs appear in all four business models’ components: value proposition, value creation, value delivery and value capture. In particular, the authors identify three main factors that need to be considered when assessing the impact of DFFs on TFFs: (1) the company size, (2) the market cultivation strategy and (3) the transport mode.
Originality/value – This is one of the first studies to specifically examine the key business model differences between DFFs and TFFs and to propose a conceptual framework for understanding the impact of digital logistics start-ups on incumbent companies
Drawn to work: what makes apprenticeship training an attractive choice for the working-class
Full text linkThe article investigates mechanisms of class reproduction by looking at school-to-work transitions of young blue-collar workers from Austria. The study adopts a Bourdieusian explanatory framework to show how working-class kids are guided towards picking up apprenticeship training instead of pursuing further education. Two classed dispositions are presented as a crucial influence: first, a preference for practical and manual labour. Second, the embodiment of wage labour not only as an economic necessity but as a foundation for recognition and appreciation. The results point to the importance of analysing educational decision-making not only in the context of the educational system but also with regard to the labour market and the different values and meanings attached to both spheres
The perceived relationship between digitalization and ecological, economic, and social sustainability
Full text linkSustainability, in terms of ecological, economic, and social sustainable development, and the advancing digitalization represent some of the most substantial societal challenges today. However, little is known about how different actors and decision-makers perceive the relationship of those two challenges. In our paper, by building upon framing theory and social representations theory, we address that gap by investigating how different actors perceive the interrelationship between digitalization and ecological, economic, and social sustainability. Such research is particularly important because understandings of digitalization and sustainability determine how different actors, including managers and policymakers, act in response to those imperatives. Following a multi-method approach, we combined media analysis with two experimental studies examining how various actors frame the relationship between digitalization and sustainability in media discourses and which dimension of sustainability—ecological, economic, or social—dominates. Building upon these results, the studies assess whether the extent of digitalization affects the perception of those three dimensions. Among our findings, perceptions of ecological and economic sustainability but not social sustainability seem to be affected by the extent of digitalization. For future research, those findings indicate the need for a more nuanced view on sustainability that accounts for its different dimensions, especially the social dimension and its relationship with digitalization. Beyond that, because the perceived link between digitalization and ecological, economic, and social sustainability guides how various actors, including managers and policymakers, respond to those imperatives, our work also has substantial practical implications as well
Vom "unerheblichen" Töten: aktuelle Judikatur zum artenschutzrechtlichen Tötungsverbot
Full text linkAls Teil des europäischen Artenschutzrechts beschäftigt das Tötungsverbot weiterhin die Gerichte. In der aktuellen Judikatur werden verschiedenartige Erheblichkeitsschwellen thematisiert, unterhalb derer das Tötungsverbot nicht zur Anwendung kommen bzw nicht als verwirklicht gelten soll. Auf diesem Weg sollen artenschutzrechtlich relevante Fragestellungen v.a. zugunsten wirtschaftlicher Tätigkeiten aufgelöst werden können. Überzeugen können diese Erheblichkeitsschwellen, die in den europäischen Rechtsgrundlagen nicht explizit angelegt sind, aber nur bedingt. Sie sind, wenn überhaupt, nur teilweise mit der Systematik des Artenschutzrechts vereinbar. Vor allem aber an ihrer (rechtlichen) Notwendigkeit darf gezweifelt werden