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Software Development - Scorbot ER V plus
No full textWhile there are more advanced and better devices appearing on the market each day, there are still many companies and businesses that use older devices. This is done because it\u27s financially more beneficial.
The Belgium Campus is one of these companies. One of the devices they had purchased was the Scorbot ER V plus. This robot is equipped with six axes and a gripper. A few applications in which these robots are used are pick and place, soldering and welding. Apart from the movement of the robot, the controller also has the ability to read inputs or to control outputs. The robot can be controlled via the teaching pendant or via a PC with the running software on it. The Scorbot is controlled through serial communication (RS-232).
But as everyone knows, every medal has two sides. This also holds for this robot. The original software, called SCORBASE, which is used to control the controller, was written for DOS (graphical command terminal).
At the start of the project I was only told that the robot needed to be controlled by self-written software. On which commando\u27s and text the robot would react was unknown, so it was my task to figure this out. My assignment consisted of examining the communication between the robot and the controller, and this should also be documented. The documentation that has been written includes all steps and actions which are required before the robot can be controlled.
There is also an example compiler written in C# which has all available functions the robot can perform. This example code is available for the students. This way they can get a better view on programming all the functions for the Scorbot, in C#. The intention is that the students will be programming the robot by themselves during the hardware programming classes
Ontwerp en uitvoering van het sturingsgedeelte voor een nieuwe verwarmingsinstallatie
No full textDe stage die verbonden is aan deze bachelorproef vond plaats bij NMBS Technics in Hasselt.
De tractiewerkplaats Hasselt, ook atelier genoemd, staat in voor het onderhoud van elektrische motorstellen en motorwagens. Daarbij gebeurt er ook onderhoud van dieselmotorwagens en de nieuwste dubbeldekrijtuigen.
De tractiewerkplaats Hasselt is onderverdeeld in drie gedeelten:
-Dieseltractie: sporen 1-3
-Afspuithal: spoor 4
-Elektrische tractie: sporen 5-9
Het doel van mijn project is het ontwerpen en uitvoeren van het sturingsgedeelte voor een nieuwe verwarmingsinstallatie (gasgestookte luchtverwarmers) met hoog rendement. De huidige installaties worden vernieuwd omdat ze verouderd zijn (30 jaar) en een slecht rendement hebben. In totaal zullen er 22 toestellen komen, 14 voor de werkplaats elektrische tractie en 8 voor de werkplaats dieseltractie. Er komen 2 elektrische hoofdverdeelborden voor de sturing van de installatie (1 voor de werkplaats dieseltractie en 1 voor de werkplaats elektrische tractie en afspuitstand) met daarbij behorende componenten en beveiligingen.
Er wordt eveneens één decentraal eilandbord per luchtverhitter voorzien en geplaatst. De verwarmingstoestellen worden aangestuurd met een Siemens S7- 300 PLC.
Hoofdverdeelborden worden uitgerust met een aanraakscherm waarop storingsmeldingen zichtbaar worden en de paramaters kunnen ingesteld worden. Dit wordt geprogrammeerd met WinCC Flexible.
Tenslotte moet er ook aan de afwerking gedacht worden. Alle schema\u27s moeten uitgetekend zijn, programma\u27s moeten duidelijk zijn en de verdeelborden moet zo gebouwd zijn dat eventuele problemen in de toekomst snel opgelost kunnen worden
Analysing and optimising packaging for overseas transport
No full textSteinhoff International is an integrated retailer that also manufactures and sources furniture and household goods in Europe, Africa and the Pacific Rim. The Steinhoff Group has operations all over the world. In South Africa, Steinhoff has a diversified industrial business for wood reclamation and foam production, but it also manufactures furniture there and has a sourcing division. The Steinhoff retailers are situated in Europe (95%) and the Pacific Rim (5%). These retailers still use their own brand and can work in competition with each other, but in the end they all answer to Steinhoff. Some examples of retailers in Europe are: Conforama in France, Harvey\u27s in the UK and POCO in Germany. In the Pacific Rim there is Freedom, Snooze and Bay Leather Republic. Currently the Steinhoff group is expanding the POCO brand to Australia. This means that, in Europe manufactured products have to be packaged in such a way that they can be transported overseas without damaging the products. This study consists of two parts. Firstly, setting up the trade route from Europe to Australia and procuring the required documents that have guidelines concerning the products. This is done by examining the overseas transport that Steinhoff currently uses to transport products from China to Europe and by determining which documents are required to export to Australia. Secondly, it is investigated whether the products can survive the overseas transport without contracting any damages. In case problems arise with specific products, alternative ways to improve the packaging are investigated. In order to get a grasp on the entire range of products they are divided into categories according to their material properties. Along with the division into material categories a database was made. This database is created with the ability to find articles based on their article number or on their product description. The database also gives more information about the product and its packaging. Accompanied with the database is a flowchart matrix that allows employees to add new products to the database themselves. Out of the product categories products are picked that are deemed not able to survive the transport by sea. This is done gradually as the 14.000 products from the Poco range are slimmed down to 3.000 products from which 20 products are chosen that would have the largest impact on the entire range when they would be changed. The products are listed by value, damage risk and quantity transported and the most susceptible and most valuable items are selected. On these products tests are performed in order to get a better idea of the protective capabilities of the products. Their current packaging is assessed and an advice is formulated to improve the overall quality of the packaging
State Of Charge berekening voor batterijen in een ZigBee sensor netwerk
No full textHet bedrijf Rmoni wenst te onderzoeken welke batterijen het best gebruikt kunnen worden in hun batterijgevoede telemetrie systemen. De wereld van batterijtechnologie is enorm uitgebreid, zo bestaan er verschillende types batterijen qua vorm, chemische samenstelling, behuizingen, temperatuurgevoeligheid, enz..
De opdracht bestaat vooreerst uit een technische studie waaruit een overzicht zal volgen van welke types batterijen er allemaal op de markt zijn, welke hun voor en nadelen zijn, hoe deze zich technisch tegenover elkaar verhouden en hun prijsverschillen. Speciale aandacht tijdens deze studie zal uitgaan naar het gedrag van de batterijen bij lage en diepvriestemperaturen en de stroompulsen die de batterijen hierbij kunnen leveren voor het verzenden van draadloze datapakketten op basis van het ZigBee-protocol.
Daarnaast wenst dit project ook een aantal manieren te vergelijken om een State Of Charge (SOC) berekening te kunnen doen. Dit kan eventueel op basis van modellen die in diverse papers beschreven staan en dit gecombineerd met verscheidene invloedsfactoren. Er wordt momenteel gedacht aan een soort puntensysteem wat mogelijk moet maken om enerzijds te bepalen welk type netwerkevent er reeds geweest is en anderzijds aangeeft wat de SOC van de batterij is
Element cycling in a Belgian pine forest
No full textThe concentrations of elements (Al, K, Ca, Cl, Mg, Mn) in different compartments in a Pinus Sylvestris stand are analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry and neutron activation analysis. Together with the biomass distribution several aspects are studied i.e. element relative mass and concentration distributions, inter-compartment ratios and mass and concentration related correlations between the elements. Finally, a simple box model is developed to give approximated inter-compartment transfer rates.
The relative mass distribution results show that Ca (94 wt%) and Mn (88 wt%) are mainly present in the wooden compartments, because Ca has a structural role in wooden tissues and Mn participates in the synthesis of lignin. Conversely, Cl (34 wt%) and K (23 wt%) are more present in the needles as these elements are both involved in opening the stomata. Moreover, Cl also participates in the water splitting during the photosynthesis process. Al, toxic in high amounts, is mainly present in the roots and outer bark, where it will be blocked to avoid toxicity. Mass related correlations are found between Ca and Mg (0.90), Mn and Mg (0.98), Mn and Ca (0.89) and K and Cl (0.88). These correlations result from similarities in biological functions (K and Cl are involved in the stomata opening and pressure regulation of the cells) or by a similarity in charge causing a similarity in cell to cell transport (Ca, Mg and Mn, which have a cationic charge of +2). Concentration related correlations are found between Ca and Al (0.90), Mn and Cl (0.91), K and Cl (0.85) and K and Mn (0.84). These correlations can be explained by a similarity in channel transport behaviour (Ca and Al), a biological function similarity (Mn and Cl, involved in water splitting; K and Cl, involved in pressure regulation in the cell and opening of the stomata) or due to different functions in the same compartment (K and Mn, with K involved in opening the stomata, and Mn, involved in water splitting). The inter-compartment ratios confirm the mobility and immobility of elements and give indications of the translocation of elements: a high litter needles/old needles ratio like for immobile Ca (1.31) shows that Ca is not redistributed to other leaves before leaf fall. A high ratio is also obtained for Al (litter needles/old needles ratio of 1.46 and litter twigs/young twigs ratio of 2.44). Al appears to be translocated to compartments to avoid toxicity. The expected translocations for mobile and immobile elements based on inter-compartment ratios are confirmed via the developed box model. A high transfer factor from leaves to floor (0.14 d-1) is found for immobile Ca. Conversely Mg, a mobile element, has a high transfer rate from leaves to wood (0.43 d-1). The similarities between Mn and Mg (both divalent cations, and center of the chlorophyll molecule) can also be deduced from transfer rates that are almost the same for both elements
Treatment planning for a novel small animal imaging device
No full textIn 2010, Maastro Clinic acquired a novel prototype micro-irradiation device for pre-clinical small animal radiotherapy studies: a combination of a precision irradiator and imaging system. Advances in clinical, radiation therapy, have continued to progress without real preclinical validation in animal models. These micro-irradiation devices are a major step forward compared to the current standard of animal experimentation in cancer radiobiology research. . The micro-irradiation device makes use of low energy radiation (40-225 kVp), the device can be used for both imaging and irradiation of small animals, e.g. a mice. A software program called DOSCTP, which is a Matlab-based program will be used as the treatment plan interface. This program uses CT-images and integrates with a Monte Carlo (MC) code, called DOSXYZnrc to perform an accurate dose calculation in the animal. The goal of this thesis is to generate 3-D dose-distributions in phantoms and validate the program in terms of its accuracy.
For this purpose, it is necessary to add several capabilities to DOSCTP. MC simulations are performed following irradiation, and measurements performed of the delivered dose distribution. Experiments have been carried out on a homogeneous as well as on a heterogeneous phantom. Such a phantom consists out of several material slabs such as solid water, breast, bone tissue and EBT2 Gafchromic dosimetry film. The absorbed dose to EBT2 film is compared with the MC simulation.
Six beams characterized by their collimator and angle of rotation were used in combination with 3 isocenters. Experimental results revealed a dose difference of 4.1 % between dose calculations and measurements in a homogenous phantom. In a more realistic heterogeneous geometry experimental results showed dose differences between dose calculations and measurements of 1.4 % for the field dose, 1.5% for the penumbra dose and finally 5.3% for the out of field dose. These dose differences were within the experimental uncertainty due to a combination of fixed uncertainties on the computer model and dosimetric film measurement
Determination of neutron beam profiles at Gelina
No full textThe Geel Linear Accelerator (GELINA) neutron time-of-flight facility of the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM) is one of the leading research institutes for neutron cross section measurements in the world. Neutrons with different kinetic energies are produced by high energy electron pulses hitting an uranium target. These neutrons are then used to interact with the samples under investigation in the different experimental stations along the 12 individual flight paths of the GELINA facility.
Up to now, the verification of the beam profile has been performed by the means of x-ray sensitive films, using the existence of a strong ��-ray burst associated with the neutron production. This method has some disadvantages in both giving the right information about the neutron distribution as well as the need of "wet chemistry" for the developing of the film.
In this masterthesis, a scintillation based neutron camera was used to record the neutron distribution. At flight path 13, the shortest flight path at GELINA, with a flight path length of about 8 m, several experiments have been performed. They were targeted at the correct outlining of the beam, the use of different collimators, the investigation of the neutron distribution as function of camera distance and the neutron energy.
The results from these experiments demonstrate the advantages of the neutron camera over conventional x-ray film for the recording of neutron distributions. The experiments had a direct consequence for the correction of the outlining of the flight path tube as well as for the correct positioning of the neutron target itself. The incorrect positioning of the neutron target has never been detected before.
Different collimator materials were compared in different energy ranges. For this comparison different materials were used as last collimation before the neutron camera. These materials included neutron scatterers like Pb or Cu and neutron absorbing materials like Li. Here two results can be highlighted. (1) The collimator material does not influence the geometric development of the neutron beam profile for short distances and is as expected from theoretical calculations. No significant influence of different energy ranges is seen in the neutron distribution. This is mostly valid for the plateau, the penumbra on the contrary does show a dependence on the collimation material for different energy ranges. (2) On the other hand, scattering of neutrons out of the beam by the last collimator can be a problem for short distances from the collimator and has a clear dependence on the collimator material and neutron energy. The experiments concerning this show that for low neutron energies neutron absorbing materials are ideal and that for medium to high neutron energies neutron scatterers such as Pb are more ideal.
The neutron camera in combination with the time-of-flight method at GELINA has shown clear advantages over the use of conventional x-ray film. This has been demonstrated with respect to linearity, ease of use, real sensitivity to neutrons and the possibility to have energy dependent measurements. It is a valuable tool for the positioning and design of flight path elements which has a direct influence to the scientific output of the neutron cross section experiments.  
Sociale fraudebestrijding met betrekking tot persoenen met het recht op maatschappelijke integratie onder de vorm van leefloon
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