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How do US sectoral markets connect in calm and crisis? A quantile-based network analysis
No full textThis work investigates how the return coherence of the US sectoral market changed during/post COVID-19 from the pre-pandemic period. We sampled daily data for a pre-COVID-19 period from January 2018 to November 2019 and a during/post-COVID-19 period from December 2019 to August 2024. To compare the return coherence and spillover for these periods, we applied quantile cross-spectral (Baruník & Kley, 2015) and network connectedness (Diebold & Yilmaz, 2014) measures, respectively. Our results highlighted a substantial increase in the integration level of US sectoral returns during/post-COVID-19 period. The effects of COVID-19 on returns were found to be more prominent with a short-run investment horizon under extreme market conditions. However, the coherence of energy sector returns with all other sectors remained low during/post-COVID-19 period under normal and bullish market conditions, thereby offering optimal opportunities for investment.This research is partly funded by the University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City, Vietna
Establishing links between drug registers and essential medicines lists
No full textAccess to essential medicines is still suboptimal in many countries. Recent studies examining the registration of medicines at the country level show that a considerable proportion of essential medicines do not have any corresponding products registered for use at the country level and therefore cannot be available at all times. Conversely, many non-essential medicines are registered by regulatory authorities for local markets, potentially facilitating inappropriate drug use and antimicrobial resistance. Addressing this public health gap requires linking the data on national drug registers with national essential medicines lists. Achieving this linkage will necessitate the development of common data variables and standards for both drug registers and essential medicines lists. This linkage would provide medicines regulators and health policy-makers with information on the gaps in the registration of essential medicines and allow them to take steps to prioritize registration of these medicines. This approach would improve availability of essential medicines for public health priorities and prevent over-registration of unnecessary medicines
From quality to green innovation: the catalytic role of green organizational culture in TQM and green manufacturing practice
No full textPurpose: This study aims to explore the relationship between total quality management (TQM) and green innovation (GI), focusing on its dimensions - green product innovation (GPI) and green process innovation (GPSI) - in Malaysian manufacturing SMEs. It also examines the mediating role of green manufacturing practices (GMP) in linking TQM with GI and the moderating effect of green organizational culture (GOC) on the TQM-GMP relationship. Design/methodology/approach: Data were gathered from 219 manufacturing SMEs located in Malaysia and analyzed through structural equation modeling with SmartPLS. Findings: The findings confirm that TQM significantly enhances GPI and GPSI. GMP acts as a critical mediator, strengthening the connection between TQM and GI, while GOC amplifies the influence of TQM on GMP. Originality/value: The results highlight the importance of embedding TQM practices, fostering a strong GOC and adopting GMP to drive innovation and sustainability. The study offers valuable guidance for practitioners and policymakers in emerging markets, particularly in leveraging TQM and GOC to navigate environmental challenges and enhance competitive advantage.Scopu
Hybrid life cycle sustainability assessment of shared e-scooters: utilization rate as a key driver of sustainability performance
No full textPurpose: Shared e-scooter services have emerged as transformative solutions in urban micro-mobility, offering sustainable, affordable, and accessible transportation options. This study evaluates the life cycle sustainability of shared e-scooters in comparison to conventional gasoline-powered vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and privately owned e-scooters, emphasizing utilization rate as a critical factor shaping environmental, social, and economic outcomes. Methods and data: A cradle-to-grave life cycle sustainability assessment was performed using a multi-regional input-output framework to evaluate the environmental, social, and economic impacts of shared e-scooters. Data were collected from a major service provider in Doha, Qatar, with the functional unit defined as passenger kilometers traveled. The assessment accounted for impacts across three phases, assessing 13 sustainability impact metrics. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was conducted by individually perturbing key variables, quantifying their influence on overall life cycle impacts, and identifying the principal drivers for potential optimization. Results: The analysis identifies the manufacturing phase as the largest contributor to environmental impacts throughout the life cycle, accounting for an average of 27% of the total impacts. Our findings also indicate that shared e-scooters with utilization rates below 11% (case study's utilization rate) produce higher carbon emissions per kilometer than private battery electric vehicles. Additionally, operational activities, such as redistribution and collection, exacerbate the environmental burdens, making personal e-scooters a more sustainable alternative than shared e-scooters when usage levels are comparable. Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive life cycle sustainability perspective on shared e-scooter systems, revealing that their overall sustainability depends not only on operational efficiency but critically on design, energy sourcing, and local deployment strategies. We find that upstream processes, particularly manufacturing and battery production, dominate environmental impacts, while charging drives resource depletion, especially in water-scarce regions. Operational activities introduce trade-offs that can offset shared mobility's benefits if not well managed. Socially, shared e-scooters offer improved health outcomes and employment potential, but most socioeconomic gains are realized outside the regions where the services are used, raising questions about local value capture. Economically, lifecycle costs are competitive only under sufficient utilization, which is strongly influenced by user behavior, spatial planning, and regulatory support.Scopu
The Arabic Text in the 'Ayn 'Avdat Inscription: From the Question of Type to the Question of Competence
No full textيتناول البحث نقش عين عبادة باعتباره أحد النقوش النبطية المهمة التي تعكس ديناميكية التفاعل اللغوي بين النبطية والعربية. ركز البحث على العبارة العربية المدمجة في النقش ومدى توافقها مع خصائص الشعر العربي التقليدي. أظهرت الدراسة جدلية تصنيف النص بين كونه شعريًا أو نثريًا، مع تحليل العروض للتأكيد على ضعف اتساقه مع الأوزان الشعرية المألوفة، مع الإشارة إلى احتمالية تمثيله لنموذج أولي للشعر العربي.
ناقش البحث الوظائف الدلالية للنص، مبرزًا دور الذات "جرم الله" في تعزيز السياق الأيديولوجي للنقش من خلال المفارقة النصية التي تتحدى الأطر التقليدية. كما استعرض التناص اللغوي بين النصوص النبطية والعربية وكيفية توظيفه لإثراء الدلالة وتعزيز قيم النص الوظيفية.
خلص البحث إلى أهمية إعادة تقييم النصوص التاريخية بمرونة منهجية تتجاوز الأطر التقليدية، مع الدعوة إلى استخدام أدوات تحليلية متعددة لدراسة التفاعل بين النصوص المكتوبة بلغات مختلفة في سياقات زمانية وثقافية متنوعة. توصي الدراسة بإجراء مزيد من التحليل المقارن للنقوش المشابهة وتوسيع البحث لاستكشاف أبعاد جديدة للتناص والنظم النصية. كما أكدت الدراسة على أهمية تبني أدوات بحث متنوعة، تشمل التحليل العروضي والدلالي، لفهم أعمق للعلاقة بين النصوص واللغات المختلفة.
أوصت الدراسة بإجراء مزيد من الدراسات المقارنة تشمل نقوشًا أخرى، بهدف استكشاف التفاعل النصي بين اللغات القديمة ودوره في تطور الهوية الثقافية واللغوية. تسهم هذه النتائج في تعزيز فهم النقوش النبطية ودورها كمصدر أساسي لدراسة التاريخ الثقافي واللغوي للعرب.This study examines the 'Ayn 'Avdat inscription as one of the significant Nabataean inscriptions that reflect the dynamic linguistic interaction between Nabataean and Arabic. The research focused on the Arabic phrase embedded within the inscription and its alignment with the characteristics of traditional Arabic poetry. The study highlighted the debate surrounding the classification of the text as either poetic or prose, using prosodic analysis to emphasize its weak consistency with conventional poetic meters, while suggesting its potential as a prototype of early Arabic poetry. The research explored the semantic functions of the text, emphasizing the role of the self, "Jurm Allah," in reinforcing the ideological context of the inscription through textual paradoxes that challenge traditional frameworks. Additionally, it examined linguistic intertextuality between Nabataean and Arabic texts, showcasing how it was employed to enrich meaning and enhance the functional value of the inscription. The study concludes by stressing the importance of re-evaluating historical texts with methodological flexibility that transcends traditional frameworks. It calls for employing multiple analytical tools to study the interaction between texts written in different languages within diverse temporal and cultural contexts. The study recommends further comparative analysis of similar inscriptions and expanding research to explore new dimensions of intertextuality and textual systems
Exploring nurses perceived self-efficacy and mental health competency for enhancing psychiatric care delivery in non-psychiatric settings
No full textBackgroundNursing care is essential for providing high-quality, safe, and person-centered care, particularly for patients with mental health diagnoses. Mental illness poses significant global health challenges, and nurses often encounter difficulties in delivering care due to negative attitudes, poor mental health literacy, and fear, especially in non-psychiatric settings. ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the perceived self-efficacy and mental health competency among nurses delivering psychiatric care in non-psychiatric settings. MethodsA quantitative descriptive-cross-sectional design was employed. The study involved nurses from various non-psychiatric hospital settings, selected through convenience sampling to ensure a diverse representation in terms of experience, educational background, and exposure to psychiatric care. Participants' perceived competencies were assessed using the Behavioral Health Care Competency (BHCC) survey, while self-efficacy was measured using the Nursing Professional Self-Efficacy Scale—Version 2 (NPSES2). Data analysisStatistical analysis conducted using SPSS version 26, focusing on descriptive and inferential statistics at a significance level of p < 0.05 (two-tailed). ResultAmong 280 nurses, significant differences were found in nurse-perceived BHCC and NPSE based on training, with a notable correlation between perceived BHCC and NPSES, while sociodemographic factors like sex and education showed no significant impact. ConclusionThe research suggests the need for educational and training programs for non-psychiatric nurses to address the gap in patient care. Extensive training and education equip nurses to deliver optimal care and compassion for patients with psychiatric demands.This work was supported by the Medical Research Council at Hamad Medical Corporation (Doha, Qatar) [Grant number: MRC-01-24-307]
Stitching the Future: Comparing Multiple Suturing Models for Training Predoctoral Dental Students.
No full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate the experiences of predoctoral dental students in practicing suturing skills across multiple models and to determine which model is most suitable for providing appropriate learning to consolidate these skills. In this study, a total of 44 fifth-year predoctoral dental students attended the training-a 1-h session on suture materials, instruments, and techniques. Four distinct tissue-like materials were used: dry sponge, banana peel, silicone, and chicken breast. The students placed three simple sutures on each material, after which a questionnaire was administered to them to evaluate the suture models. Two experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeons evaluated the students' sutures on each model. The participants also reported their perceived confidence levels before and after the theoretical training and after practicing suturing on the models. The suturing experience varied significantly across tissue types, with the silicone model receiving the highest scores from students (p < 0.001). Students who practiced on models demonstrated a statistically significant increase in self-confidence in placing sutures (p < 0.001). The silicone model achieved the highest scores from the assessors. Simulated dental settings provide a suitable learning environment for dental students to learn basic suturing techniques before their transition to clinical practice. The findings suggest that silicone models can be used effectively to train dental students in basic suturing skills.This project was supported by TÜBİTAK 2209-A
عن بحث حلول إرتباط صحة الفم بسرطان المعدة
No full textبحث علمي أعده طلبة من كلية طب الأسنان بجامعة قطر يفوز بالمركز الأول في المنتدى البحثي الخامس للشباب 2023
Exploring ethnic disparities in hypospadias incidence: A meta-analysis of epidemiological studies
No full textIntroductionHypospadias is a common congenital condition, yet the etiology and risk factors, including ethnic disparities, are not fully understood. While some studies suggest that ethnicity may influence the incidence of hypospadias, this association has been inadequately explored. This meta-analysis seeks to systematically evaluate the relationship between ethnicity and hypospadias incidence across diverse populations. MethodsThis review includes cohort and cross-sectional studies examining the incidence of hypospadias and its racial and ethnic disparities. Eligible studies objectively measured hypospadias incidence and included subgroup analyses by ethnicity. We excluded case–control studies, case reports, and commentaries. Literature was systematically searched in Cochrane, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus, supplemented by manual searches and citation tracing. Search terms were tailored to each database. Study selection and data extraction followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with bias risk assessed using Cochrane's RoB 2.0, NOS, and JBI tools. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 with heterogeneity tested by I2 statistics and results presented in forest plots. ResultA total of five studies with a total of 10,348,322 data points were gathered. Pooled analysis showed that white/Caucasian ethnicities had a significantly higher incidence of hypospadias (RR 1.66; 95 % CI, 1.51 to 1.83; p < 0.00001; I2 = 84 %) compared to the Non-White group. ConclusionThis systematic review contributes to the understanding of ethnic variations in hypospadias incidence, emphasizing the importance of ethnic diversity in pediatric urological epidemiology. Future research should focus on elucidating genetic, environmental and perinatal determinants across diverse populations to improve healthcare outcomes and reduce disparities in congenital anomaly prevalence
Global insights on wage and employee turnover in microfinance
No full textMicrofinance institutions (MFIs) face high operating costs partially due to employee turnover while striving to balance financial sustainability with their social mission. This study examines the relationship between wages and employee turnover, using data from 979 MFIs in 95 developing countries from 2010 to 2018. Utilizing two instrumental variables for wage and various estimation techniques, we find a nuanced relationship: higher wages initially reduce employee turnover and enhance employment stability. Beyond a certain threshold, increased wages lead to higher turnover and instability. Additionally, employee turnover is lower for non-profit MFIs, while MFIs in wealthier economies experience higher turnover