742875 research outputs found
Sort by
mzPeak:Designing a Scalable, Interoperable, and Future-Ready Mass Spectrometry Data Format
No full textAdvances in mass spectrometry (MS) instrumentation, including higher resolution, faster scan speeds, and improved sensitivity, have dramatically increased the data volume and complexity. The adoption of imaging and ion mobility further amplifies these challenges in proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics. Current open formats such as mzML and imzML struggle to keep pace due to large file sizes, slow data access, and limited metadata support. Vendor-specific formats offer faster access but lack interoperability and long-term archival guarantees. We here lay the groundwork for mzPeak, a next-generation community data format designed to address these challenges and support high-throughput, multidimensional MS workflows. By adopting a hybrid model that combines efficient binary storage for numerical data and both human- and machine-readable metadata storage, mzPeak will reduce file sizes, accelerate data access, and offer a scalable, adaptable solution for evolving MS technologies. For researchers, mzPeak will support complex workflows and regulatory compliance through faster access, improved metadata, and interoperability. For vendors, it offers a streamlined, open alternative to proprietary formats. mzPeak aims to become a cornerstone of MS data management, enabling sustainable, high-performance solutions for future data types and fostering collaboration across the mass spectrometry community.</p
ESICM guidelines on circulatory shock and hemodynamic monitoring 2025
No full textObjective: These European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) guidelines provide recommendations for the diagnosis of shock and hemodynamic monitoring for adult critically ill patients. Methods: An international panel of experts formulated PICO-formatted questions, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was applied to assess evidence and formulate recommendations. In the absence of strong evidence, panelists issued ungraded good practice statements (UGPS). Results: Panelists issued 50 statements. Among others, skin perfusion should be monitored using the assessment of capillary refill time, and this may be complemented by the assessment of skin temperature and mottling (UGPS). In patients with a central venous catheter, serial measurements of (central) venous oxygen saturation and of the veno-arterial difference in carbon dioxide partial pressure should be performed (UGPS). In patients with persistent shock after initial fluid resuscitation, fluid responsiveness should be assessed before continuing fluid resuscitation (UGPS). It is recommended to use dynamic variables over static markers of preload for predicting fluid responsiveness, when applicable (graded statement). Cardiac output (CO) and/or stroke volume should be monitored in patients who do not respond to initial therapy (UGPS). Arterial pressure should be monitored with an arterial catheter in shock that is not responsive to initial therapy and/or requiring vasopressor infusion (UGPS), and central venous pressure should be measured in patients who have a central venous catheter (UGPS). Panelists suggest using echocardiography as the first-line imaging modality to assess the type of shock (graded statement). Echocardiographically defined phenotypes of left and right ventricular dysfunction may be of prognostic significance (UGPS). Conclusions: The panel made 50 recommendations on shock diagnosis and hemodynamic monitoring.</p
Thirty years of mHLA-DR research in septic shock:lessons and caveats for clinical translation
No full textThe Morita Gate is Universal
No full textWe consider 2-state reversible gates that route tokens from input wires to output wires. This can be thought of as a model that reduces computation to just flow control, with wires representing execution paths, and the token representing the current execution point. Memory and computation are strictly co-localized, in the sense that the state of a gate is only changeable or observable by a token that passes through it. Also known as Reversible Logic Elements with Memory (RLEMs), such gates have been studied extensively by Kenichi Morita and his co-authors. Through a series of surprising results, they have shown that all non-degenerate 2-state RLEMs with 3 or more inputs are universal, meaning any of them can be used to build any other RLEM of any size and number of states. They also proved that all smaller (2 or fewer inputs) 2-state RLEMs are not universal, with the exception of one gate that defied analysis. This one remaining gate, known as 2-17, was conjectured to also be non-universal, but this has remained an open question since 2012. Here we resolve this open question by showing that this extremely simple gate is in fact universal. This makes it the smallest universal reversible gate, and we name it the Morita gate in honor of Morita’s extensive foundational work in this area.</p
Wie gaat erop vooruit na verhuizing voor werk of familie?
No full textMensen die vanwege werk verhuizen gaan er daarna doorgaans op vooruit op de arbeidsmarkt, mannen nog meer dan vrouwen. Bij mensen die verhuizen om dichterbij familie te wonen veranderen arbeidsmarktuitkomsten nauwelijks. Maar vrouwen gaan wel meer uren werken als ze verhuizen voor werk én familie
Downtime: The Twentieth Century in Slow Motion. Mark Goble. Columbia University Press, 2025
No full textMicrostructure Evolution and Heat Resistance of an Al–Fe–Mg–Zr Eutectic Alloy Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
No full textWe report a eutectic Al–Fe–Mg–Zr alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion that achieves crack-free fabrication with 99.8% relative density and an ultrafine, cellular–lamellar microstructure. Direct aging at 400 °C for 4 h delivers peak room-temperature strength (yield strength (YS) of 392.9 MPa, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 415.8 MPa, and elongation of 8.5%) owing to a dual mechanism: load transfer from a dense dispersion of Fe-rich intermetallics and precipitation strengthening from coherent L12–Al3Zr nanoparticles. Multiscale microstructure characterization shows that the rapidly solidified Al6Fe formed in the as-built state evolves toward thermodynamically stable Al13Fe4 during aging, while Al3Zr remains coherent. After 400 °C annealing for 100 h, coarsening of Al–Fe dispersoids increases interparticle spacing and reduces the load-transfer contribution, but the slow-coarsening, coherent Al3Zr dispersion stabilizes the microstructure and supports strength retention (YS of 309.7 MPa and UTS of 354.6 MPa). The results demonstrate a process-compatible pathway to combine high strength with thermal stability in LPBF aluminum alloys through coordinated control of intermetallic dispersoids and coherent nanoprecipitates
The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator as management of ventricular arrhythmias:Assessing benefit and harm
No full textThe implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) constitutes an integral part of the care of patients at risk of potentially lethal arrhythmias, because it is able to restore the heart’s normal rhythm by delivering therapies such as shocks. ICD care is increasingly becoming more individualized and personalized. With our research, we aimed to determine the prognostic outcomes of patients with an ICD in daily practice and gain insight in which patients benefit most from an ICD. We found that not all patients were at an equal risk of so-called appropriate ICD therapies, delivered for potentially lethal arrhythmias. Men, patients having a clear cause of their arrhythmia, and patients with a larger and less homogenous scar in those with a previous infarction were more likely to experience appropriate ICD therapies. Patients with an unclear cause had a higher risk of shocks delivered in the absence of potentially lethal arrhythmias, delivered inappropriately. We additionally found that ICD therapies were not always necessary, even though they were delivered appropriately. As a way of countering unnecessary and inappropriate therapies, we proposed a novel mobile application, giving patients the opportunity to avert impending unnecessary and inappropriate ICD therapies by pressing a button if they are still conscious. Finally, we investigated the role of imaging in ablation of potentially lethal arrhythmias. We found that CT imaging and information on the electrical properties of the heart may help in the identification of regions of interest and thus help reduce the risk of arrhythmias and hence ICD therapies
Chemical Modification Method Determines the Formation of Starch-Iodine Complex:an Insight into the Lamellar Structure and Iodine Adsorption Behavior
No full textIn order to analyze the formation mechanism and explore the potential applications of Canna starch and its derivatives (Canna Starch OSA Ester (CSOE)) and Canna Starch Phosphate Ester (CSPE)), the samples were subjected to an environment of iodine. The resulting complex was analyzed using small angle X-ray scattering and fluorescence (SAXS and XRF). The findings revealed that CSPE exhibited the highest binding capacity (5.19% at aw 0.15; 25.03% at aw 0.99). Interestingly, iodine tended to accumulate within the hilum rather than the periphery of the starch particles, resulting in smoother surfaces. Furthermore, it was observed that the process of octenylsuccinylation and phosphorylation caused a shift in the scattering peak towards higher values in the SAXS graphs, indicating a shorter lamellar repeat distance (CSPE, 9.52 nm; CSOE, 8.16 nm). These results have the potential to advance characterization techniques and contribute to the development of applications involving amylose-restrained materials.</p
Large Vessel Vasculitis Primarily Affecting the Lower Extremities:A Case Series and Literature Review
No full textBACKGROUND: The increasing use of advanced imaging modalities in the diagnosis of large vessel vasculitis (LVV) has occasionally uncovered atypical disease patterns, complicating both diagnosis and management. In this case series, we present cases with LVV predominantly involving the lower extremities (LE) and review case reports from the literature with the aim of discussing the etiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic implication.METHODS: LVV patients diagnosed by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) with primarily LE involvement were identified from 3 rheumatology departments. Similarly, case reports were identified by literature search using PubMed. Clinical presentation and management of these cases were described and compared.RESULTS: Sixteen patients were identified (8 from our clinic, 8 case reports). Most patients presented with unspecific symptoms. Only about 60% reported LE symptoms such as claudication, pain, and/or dysfunction of the legs. Only one patient reported typical cranial giant cell arteritis (GCA) symptoms, while half of the case reports had polymyalgic complaints. Treatment was initiated for most patients presenting any symptom or finding typical for GCA and/or polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), such as cranial symptoms or proximal muscle pain, a positive temporal artery biopsy, or involvement of the aorta and its proximal branches. Spontaneous improvement also occurred, primarily in patients who were either asymptomatic or patients with medium-small vessels LE vasculitis.CONCLUSION: Although rare, vasculitis affecting LE should be considered in patients with inflammation and pain and/or stiffness of the LE. Spontaneous improvement may be seen in some patients not presenting with typical symptoms and findings of GCA.</p