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An innovative geo-AI approach in estimating high-resolution urban ambient fungal spore variations
No full text[[abstract]]The spatial distribution of fungal spores varies seasonally and regionally based on meteorological conditions and surrounding land use patterns. To investigate the variation in ambient fungal spore concentration, this study is the first of its kind to develop geospatial-artificial intelligence (Geo-AI) models for estimating total fungal spore variation. Geospatial predictor variables including air pollutants, meteorological parameters, land use and land cover allocations, road networks, landmarks, and vegetation indices derived from spectral data surrounding sampling sites were collected for the Geo-AI model development. The Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) index was utilized as machine learning explainability tool for clarifying the importance of each variable. The most influential variables identified by SHAP were incorporated into machine learning algorithms, including random forest, gradient boosting machine (GBM), XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost. The developed Geo-AI model achieved a high prediction accuracy with an R2 value of 0.96 and a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 0.03 using GBM algorithm. The identified variables highlighted the significant influence of meteorological parameters, PM10, spectrum-based vegetation index, and land-use/land covers allocations on fungal spore concentrations. Estimation maps revealed elevated fungal spore levels in mountainous areas, contrasting with lower levels observed in urban environments. The proposed Geo-AI model addressed previous limitations of estimating fungal spores in large areas. The estimation of fungal spore concentration can provide valuable exposure information for further environmental epidemiological analysis
Tumor-associated macrophages promote bladder cancer metastasis through the CCL20-CCR6 axis
No full text[[abstract]]We investigated the mechanisms of interaction between bladder cancer (BC) cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Coculturing BC cell lines (UMUC3 and T24) with macrophage-like cells differentiated from THP-1 into M2-like TAMs revealed a decrease in Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 68 expression and an increase in CD206 expression. This differentiation enhanced BC cell migration and invasion. Additionally, M2-like TAMs significantly increased the secretion of C–C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 20, which promotes BC cell migration and invasion via the MEK/ERK signaling pathway through its paracrine effects. Coculturing with TAMs also elevated the expression of CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 6 in BC cells, indicating increased sensitivity to CCL20. Immunohistochemistry analysis of human BC tissues showed a significant correlation between CCR6 expression levels and BC prognosis. Inhibition of CCR6 reduced BC cell metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, CXCL1 secretion from BC cells was found to contribute to the M2-like polarization of macrophages and to enhance BC cell migration and invasion through autocrine and indirect effects. In summary, CCL20 and CXCL1 play crucial roles in the interaction between BC cells and TAMs
Long dosing intervals of parenteral antiosteoporosis medications and the decrease in societal fracture risk: An 11-year nationwide population-based cohort study
No full text[[abstract]]Objective: To evaluate the relationship between different dosing intervals of antiosteoporosis medications (AOMs) and the subsequent fracture risk among patients with newly initiated AOM therapies. Patients and Methods: In a nationwide population-based cohort study based on Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, osteoporosis patients with 50 years of age or older who newly initiated AOM from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2018 (n=336,229) were included. We categorized AOMs into short dosing intervals (oral AOMs) or long dosing intervals (parenteral AOMs). The adherence of treatment by medication possession ratio and subsequent fracture after treatment for 3 years were measured. Results: Among patients who initiated parenteral AOMs, the percentage of patients with high adherence (medication possession ratio ≥75%) increased from 33% in 2008 to 69% in 2018. However, among patients who initiated oral AOMs, the percentage of high adherence remained stable (30%) between 2008 and 2018. The use of parenteral AOMs increased from 1% in 2008 to 62% in 2018. At the same time, the percentage of high adherence of those initiated AOMs significantly increased from 34% in 2008 to 61% in 2018. The risk of subsequent fracture decreased significantly between 2008 and 2018 after controlling for all potential confounders (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.89). Conclusion: AOMs with long dosing intervals not only increased adherence but also associated with the decrease in subsequent fracture risk at a nationwide scale
Aminothiazole compounds as protein kinase inhibitors
No full text[[abstract]]Also disclosed are methods of inhibiting a tyrosine kinase and treating cancer associated with a tyrosine kinase with one of the aminothiazole compounds
[[alternative]]Anti-hsp90α antibody and uses thereof
No full text[[abstract]]揭露一種分離的抗體，包括：能夠與分別在胺基酸235至244以及胺基酸251至260區域中含有兩個EDK位點的HSP90α表位結合之新穎互補決定區(CDR)。亦揭露對應於上述抗體的核酸分子、包含上述抗體或對應核酸分子的醫藥組成物，以及使用上述抗體治療和監測癌症的方法
Heterodimeric vascular endothelial growth factor and use thereof
No full text[[abstract]]A fusion protein, comprising: (i) a first vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoform, and (ii) a second VEGF isoform, and (iii) a dimerization domain between the first isoform and the second isoform, wherein the first isoform and the second isofor
CpG寡脱氧核苷酸、包含其的免疫组合物及制备组合物并通过其刺激免疫反应的方法
No full text[[abstract]]在这里公开一种CpG寡脱氧核苷酸(CpG‑ODN)，其是作为开发用于在不同物种中使用作为佐剂的有效免疫刺激。TLR9为CpG‑ODN的细胞受体，且目前开发的CpG‑ODN对兔子的TLR9具有低活性。本文中，包含约11‑14个脱氧核苷酸的GACGTT或AACGTT基序的CpG‑ODN类型展现出对兔子的TLR9具有有效的免疫刺激活性，且能够在兔子中提升较少毒性且有效的抗体反应
CpG寡脱氧核苷酸、免疫组成物及其用途
No full text[[abstract]]本发明提供一种CpG寡脱氧核苷酸(CpG‑ODN)，CpG‑ODN包含一个或多个重复的GTCGTT序列、一个或多个重复的GTT序列、以及一个或多个重复的TTTT序列，其中至少一个重复的GTCGTT序列是编码在GTT序列及TTTT序列之间。本发明还包含CpG‑ODN的免疫组成物及其在制备治疗或预防宿主疾病的免疫反应的药物用途
[[alternative]]Cpg-oligodeoxynucleotide compounds in combination with immune modulators for cancer immunotherapy
No full text[[abstract]]本發明公開一種組合療法，可於免疫抑制性微環境中增強針對腫瘤的免疫檢查點阻斷之功效。更具體言之，這種組合療法涉及透過免疫檢查點抑制劑及CpG-寡脫氧核苷酸來治療癌症
[[alternative]]Map kinase kinase kinase kinase 3 (map4k3) as a biomarker and therapetic target for autoimmune disease, cancer, inflammation and il-17-associated disease
No full text[[abstract]]本發明揭示用於鑑別治療生發中心激酶(GCK)類激酶(GLK)介導之疾病之治療劑的方法。揭示用於偵測以化合物調節GLK信號傳導之方法。亦揭示用於偵測自體免疫疾病及/或癌症之存在及/或嚴重程度的方法