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Food writing and the Australian beach: From leisure to labour
No full textBrien, DL ORCiD: 0000-0002-9005-3645This chapter investigates food writing about the Australian beach, focusing on leisure and labour
Exploring mentalization, trust, communication quality, and alienation in adolescents
No full textMeredith, PJ ORCiD: 0000-0002-2981-9189INTRODUCTION: A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the importance of mentalization for adolescents' psychosocial functioning; however, further research is needed to understand links between mentalization and other socio-cognitive factors. The aim of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between a teen's capacity to mentalize and three attachment-related factors: parent-teen trust, parent-teen communication, and parent-teen alienation. METHODS: In an online survey, 82 (mainly) Australian adolescents (57 female; 23 male; 2 non-binary; mean age 17.09 years) completed: i) The Children's Eyes Test, which measured mentalization; and ii) The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment-45, which measured trust, communication quality, and alienation. RESULTS: In teens' relationships with both mothers and fathers, trust and communication quality were significantly positively correlated (p = .001) when controlling for age and gender. Both were significantly negatively correlated with alienation (p = .001) with control variables included. Capacity to mentalize did not correlate with trust, communication quality, or alienation in relationships with either mothers or fathers (p ≤ .05). CONCLUSIONS: Possible reasons are proposed for why no relationship was found between mentalization and trust, communication quality, or alienation. Implications for future research are discussed
Biocontrol efficacy of nematode trapping fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora and A. Dactyloides against root-knot nematode in ginger
No full textBrown, PH ORCiD: 0000-0001-6272-5507 0000-0002-4033-6719; Li, YJ ORCiD: 0000-0003-3807-7110Fungal biocontrol is a rapidly developing research area, and there is an emergent interest in the exploration of fungi for controlling root-knot nematodes. Root-knot nematode remains one of the most serious soil-borne pathogens affecting ginger cultivations, causing considerable yield damage. Although most growers rely on chemical controls to manage root-knot nematodes, regulatory authorities no longer advise chemical usage. Hence, many researchers have examined eco-friendly control measures. In this study, two nematode-trapping fungi, Arthrobotrys dactyloides and A. oligospora encapsulated in kaolin-alginate granules were separately assessed for their efficacy in controlling root-knot nematode damage in ginger. Four weeks after planting, both fungi and chemical treatments had significantly less root-knot nematodes than control irrespective of soil sterilization. This indicated the biological control potential of these two fungi against root-knot nematodes in early growth period of ginger. At harvest, the root-knot nematode numbers recovered from both fungi treatments were lower than control but higher than chemical, although the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, the relative fungal efficiency of root-knot nematode control was not significantly different between the heated and unheated soils. This suggested that the biological factor present in the grey sandy loam soil had no distinct influence on the root-knot nematode control efficacy of these two fungi. Compared to control, application of both fungi in both soils reduced root galling and damage lesions similar to the chemical treatment. The rhizome yield, number of shoots, above ground biomass, plant height, number of leaflets and weight of feeder roots were not significantly different between nematode treatments. © 2020 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved
The provision of emergency healthcare for women who experience intimate partner violence: Part 2: Strategies to address knowledge deficits and negative attitudes
No full textTaylor, AM ORCiD: 0000-0002-4646-9248Background The first article in this two-part series evaluated healthcare professionals’ approaches to the care of women who present to the emergency department (ED) with injuries related to intimate partner violence (IPV). It identified barriers to appropriate care provision, which included a lack of healthcare professional knowledge and negative professional attitudes.
Aim To delineate and evaluate strategies that aim to address the knowledge deficits and negative attitudes affecting the care of women presenting to the ED with IPV-related injuries.
Method A rapid review of three databases was undertaken with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The literature was analysed using three-step thematic analysis.
Findings Eleven articles were included in the review. Two main strategies to address ED healthcare professionals’ knowledge deficits and negative attitudes about IPV were identified. These were developed into the themes of IPV/domestic violence specialists, and education and training.
Conclusion An IPV healthcare specialist in the ED and a focused IPV education and training programme may improve emergency healthcare professionals’ knowledge, attitudes and ability to respond appropriately to women presenting with IPV-related injuries
What you see depends on where you look: Performance measurement of Australian accounting academics
No full textSardesai, AV ORCiD: 0000-0001-6794-4549This paper explores the impact of contemporary calculative practices, termed 'accountingisation', on Australian academics' values. Also, it seeks to understand the rationale underlying the development of various university performance measurement systems (PMS), and their implementation and evaluation
IoT insider attack: Survey
No full textRay, BR ORCiD: 0000-0002-3016-1695The “Internet of things” (IoT) creating a perfect storm in the smart world. Due to the availability of internet and capabilities of devices, sensors-based technologies becoming popular day by day. It now opens the opportunities for overcoming many new challenges. Any device with on/off capability connecting through the internet via sensor can be an IoT device which includes a coffee machine, light, hand watch, headphones, washing machine, mobile phones, car, CCTV camera and so on. Simply we can say connecting things to people via the internet and controlling remotely is the great advantage of IoT. In our daily life, the IoT is widely used which includes transportation, health, education, security and so on. Imagine how IoT can make our life easier, based on your set alarm when you wake up if it can notify your coffee machine to prepare coffee for you that will save you time. Despite those advantages, the IoT based system is not free from vulnerabilities. Different types of attacks make the system vulnerable and tried to exploit the system and creating obstacles from its growth. Here we will explore IoT attacks and the relevant technologies associated along with machine learning strategies that exist to overcome those obstacles
Apple’s iPhone 12 comes without a charger: A smart waste-reduction move, or clever cash grab?
No full textChugh, R ORCiD: 0000-0003-0061-7206; Cowling, MA ORCiD: 0000-0003-1444-1563Apple has released its new smartphone, the iPhone 12, without an accompanying charger or earbuds. Users have harshly criticised the company for this move and will have to purchase these accessories separately, if needed. While some see it as cost-cutting, or a way for Apple to profit further by forcing customers to buy the products separately, the technology giant said the goal was to reduce its carbon footprint
Elevated CO2 has concurrent effects on leaf and grain metabolism but minimal effects on yield in wheat
No full textTausz-Posch, S ORCiD: 0000-0002-1213-7907While the general effect of CO2 enrichment on photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, nitrogen elemental content or yield has been documented, there is still some uncertainty as to whether there are interactive effects between CO2 enrichment and other factors (such as temperature, geographical location, water availability and cultivar). In addition, the metabolic coordination between leaves and grains, which is crucial for crop responsiveness to elevated CO2, has never been examined closely. Here, we addressed these two aspects by taking advantage of several FACE experiments across five different countries using multi-level analyses. There was little effect of elevated CO2 on yield (except in USA) likely due to photosynthetic capacity acclimation, as reflected by protein profiles. Also, there was a significant decrease in leaf amino acids (threonine) and macro-elements (such as K) at elevated CO2, while other elements such as magnesium (Mg) or sulfur (S) increased. Despite the insignificant effect of CO2-enrichment on yield, grains appeared to be significantly depleted (as expected) in N, but also in threonine, the S-containing amino acid methionine and Mg. Overall, our results suggest a strong detrimental effect of CO2 enrichment on nutrient availability and remobilization from leaves to grains
A validation study of the WHOOP strap against polysomnography to assess sleep
No full textLastella, AM ORCiD: 0000-0003-1793-3811; Sargent, C ORCiD: 0000-0001-5340-4701; Scanlan, AT ORCiD: 0000-0002-0750-8697© 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. The aim of the study was to compare the WHOOP strap–a wearable device that estimates sleep based on measures of movement and heart rate derived from actigraphy and photoplethysmography, respectively. Twelve healthy adults (6 females, 6 males, aged 22.9 ± 3.4 years) participated in a 10-day, laboratory-based protocol. A total of 86 sleeps were independently assessed in 30-s epochs using polysomnography and WHOOP. For WHOOP, bed times were entered by researchers and sleeps were scored by the company based on proprietary algorithms. WHOOP overestimated total sleep time by 8.2 ± 32.9 minutes compared to polysomnography, but this difference was non-significant. WHOOP was compared to polysomnography for 2-stage (i.e., wake, sleep) and 4-stage categorisation (i.e., wake, light sleep [N1 or N2], slow-wave sleep [N3], REM) of sleep periods. For 2-stage categorisation, the agreement, sensitivity to sleep, specificity for wake, and Cohen’s kappa were 89%, 95%, 51%, and 0.49, respectively. For 4-stage categorisation, the agreement, sensitivity to light sleep, SWS, REM, and wake, and Cohen’s kappa were 64%, 62%, 68%, 70%, 51%, and 0.47, respectively. In situations where polysomnography is impractical (e.g., field settings), WHOOP is a reasonable method for estimating sleep, particularly for 2-stage categorisation, if accurate bedtimes are manually entered
Examining mediators of intervention efficacy in a randomised controlled m-health trial to improve physical activity and sleep health in adults
No full textVandelanotte, CL ORCiD: 0000-0002-4445-8094Objectives: Examining mediators of intervention efficacy in an m-health intervention targeting physical activity and sleep in 160 Australian adults. Design: Nationwide randomised controlled trial. Main outcome measures: Moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), assessed using the Active Australia Questionnaire; sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index); and sleep hygiene practices (Sleep Hygiene Index). Hypothesised psychosocial (e.g. self-efficacy) and behavioural (i.e. MVPA, sleep quality, sleep hygiene) mediators were tested on primary endpoint data at 3 months using bias-corrected bootstrapping (PROCESS 2 for SPSS). All outcomes and mediators were assessed using self-report. Results: At three months, the intervention had significantly improved sleep quality (d = 0.48, 95% CI: −2.26, −0.33, p = 0.009) and sleep hygiene (d = 0.40, 95% CI: −3.10, −0.19, p = 0.027). Differences in MVPA were not significant (d = 0.24, 95% CI: −35.53, 254.67, p = 0.139). Changes in MVPA were mediated by self-efficacy, perceived capability, environment, social support, intentions and planning, some of which showed inconsistent mediation (suppression). None of the hypothesised psychosocial factors mediated sleep outcomes. Changes in sleep hygiene mediated changes in sleep quality. Conclusions: Several psychosocial factors mediated changes in physical activity but not in sleep outcomes. Mediation effects of sleep hygiene on sleep quality highlight the importance of providing evidence-based strategies to improve sleep quality. © 2020, © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group