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Efficient hydroenergy conversion technologies, challenges, and policy implication
No full textAzad, M ORCiD: 0000-0001-8258-6057Hydroenergy is one of the cleanest and zero-emission renewable energy sources on the planet. This study presents a state-of-the-art review on efficient technologies for energy production from hydroenergy resources. The global renewable energy production scenario from 1990 to 2017 have been analyzed for the potential of hydroenergy throughout the world. Also, traditional techniques and recently developed advanced approaches for hydroenergy production are discussed in detail in this chapter. One of the key features to analyze is the technical challenges currently facing this sector, and possible solutions have also been analyzed. Furthermore, techno-economic analysis and socio-environmental effects of hydroenergy applications have been presented by reviewing the recent works and articles. Finally, the clean energy policy implications and recommendations to endorse the hydroenergy application in different regions in the world have been summarized and presented in this work. The study concluded that hydroenergy resources have great potential for future clean energy production to meet increasing energy demand as well as maintain a sustainable environment for future generations
Advancement in remote sensing of wind energy
No full textAzad, M ORCiD: 0000-0001-8258-6057In modern applications, wind turbines are gaining in height and becoming larger in size, as well as being installed in complex, mountainous, and hilly terrain to produce large amounts of energy for neighboring populations and industries. However, one must keep in mind that the efficiency of a wind farm is greatly affected by inaccurate wind resource assessment. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate wind resource potential to estimate how much energy is available at the site and how much power the wind turbine can produce, because the power output of a wind turbine scales cubically with the available wind speed. In this case, to achieve the highest possible efficiency from a wind farm and to install modern machines of even larger heights, it becomes necessary to study and precisely estimate wind resource potential and its economic feasibility. The investigation of wind resource at larger heights and at complex wind farms requires a more physical volume-based measurement. Ground-based remote-sensing techniques such as light detection and ranging and sound detection and ranging are becoming increasingly useful and popular in the wind energy sector for resource assessment as they help in reducing complexity, uncertainty, and technicality in modern wind farm development, because they provide volume measurement and measure the entire rotor field from top to bottom at each height, particularly at higher hub height, which is difficult to do using conventional techniques, traditional techniques, or meteorological mast techniques. The meteorological mast consists of a cup anemometer and other measuring instruments to measure wind speed and wind direction. Using meteorological mast is not a representative idea as it gives point and fixed measurements, and empirical equations such as power law and log law are used to convert wind speed measured at 10 m or 30 m to larger heights of 100 m, 120 m, or more. This chapter is focused on increasing confidence in the result of remote-sensing measurement. Most importantly, there is economic merit in determining the total amount of cash flowing on wind resource assessment using advance different techniques
Australia-India: Bilateral trade opportunities and challenges
No full textMedhekar, A ORCiD: 0000-0002-6791-4056India is Australia’s fourth largest export market and investment destination, and fifth largest trading partner, with access to a large and youthful market of 1.4 billion population. In 2018, India was the second largest source of skilled professionals, after the UK and third largest source of immigrants after the UK and New Zealand. Increasing number of Indian nationals and businesses are choosing Australia as a destination of choice for education, tourism and for doing business. The Independent India Economic Strategy – 2035, was launched on 22 November 2018 for promoting bilateral trade and export market for Australian goods, services, and investment opportunities for mutual economic benefit. This chapter examines the economic significance of bilateral trade relationship between Australia and India, and opportunities and challenges faced by the two countries with focus on education, tourism, health agri-business, alternative energy and mining sectors to meet the demand and supply gap and the sustainable development goals
Punching behaviour of foam filled modular sandwich panels with high-density polyethylene skins
No full textTahmoorian, F ORCiD: 0000-0002-5158-2077Modular composite panels are being widely used for floors and roofs in prefabricated construction. Scissors shear and punching shear strength are two critical parameters for designing the sandwich panels under concentrated out of plane load. However, there are relatively few studies on scissors shear and punching shear strength of sandwich panels in literature in comparison with tensile strength and normal shear strength. In this paper, the scissor shear and punching behaviour of an innovative structural sandwich panel is investigated. The introduced system consists of a high-density polyurethane (PUR) foam core as well as two continuous layers of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) facings. Scissors shear strength and punching strength of these panels are studied through a creative experimental procedure. The scissors shear test is also simulated using non-linear finite element models and finally, the results are compared with each other. The results show that the first yield point of composite happens due to shear stress in foam. On the other hand, due to scissors shear, the foam is ruptured on two surfaces at about 45°. The scissors shear strength for the proposed panel, is determined to be 3.1 MPa, which is in good agreement with numerical results. In addition, the results revealed that using studliner skins can improve the scissors shear strength and punching shear strength of panels by about 34% and 22%, respectively
Mummm... There's a monster in the loo!!
No full textReid-Searl, KA ORCiD: 0000-0001-5808-9296The content of this book is intended to help caregivers, parents and teachers engage children in learning about the importance of healthy bowel functioning
Lower-body compression garments worn following exercise improves perceived recovery but not subsequent performance in basketball athletes
No full textScanlan, AT ORCiD: 0000-0002-0750-8697This study examined the effects of lower-body compression garments on perceived recovery and subsequent performance in basketball athletes. In a parallel-group design, 30 recreational, male basketball athletes were randomly allocated to either a control (CON, n = 15, loose-fitting clothing) or experimental group (COMP, n = 15, compression garments) for 15 h following fatigue-inducing, basketball-specific exercise in the evening (1600-1800 h). Perceptual measures of fatigue and muscle soreness, as well as physical performance tests (sprints, jumps and agility), were performed pre-exercise, post-exercise, and post-recovery (15 h following exercise). Subjective and objective measures of sleep were recorded following the exercise trial. There were non-significant (p > 0.05), unclear-trivial differences between groups for all performance measures. Perceived post-recovery fatigue (d = −1.27, large) and muscle soreness (d = −1.61, large) were significantly lower in COMP compared to CON (p 0.05). Wearing lower-body compression garments overnight improved perceived fatigue and muscle soreness, but had negligible effects on subsequent physical performance in basketball athletes. Future research should focus on longer periods of compression wear following fatiguing exercise. © 2020, © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Managing cognitive biases during disaster response: the development of an aide memoire
No full textDisasters are highly complex with often extreme consequences and are often exacerbated by decision errors. Human behaviour in this domain offers a fertile ground for studying decision-making and identifying opportunities for improvement. This research sought to improve the quality of decision-making by developing an aide memoire for managing cognitive biases in emergency management. Based on the appropriate literature, 58 of Australia’s leading marine spill disaster response experts identified and ranked the most important cognitive biases in a group setting. The results were translated into language relevant to emergency management practitioners and reframed into a series of questions. The identification of nine cognitive biases in the aide memoire can first be used to assess the available information, intelligence and decisions, and then used to determine the meaning of the information, intelligence and decisions. The paper discusses the applicability of the aide memoire to decision errors identified in recent man-made and natural disasters. Finally, the article addresses a criticism that research findings are often not useful to industry by suggesting how the aide memoire can be used in practice. © 2019, Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature
The impact of training load on sleep during a 14-day training camp in elite, adolescent female basketball players
No full textLastella, AM ORCiD: 0000-0003-1793-3811; Sargent, C ORCiD: 0000-0001-5340-4701; Scanlan, AT ORCiD: 0000-0002-0750-8697; Vincent, GE ORCiD: 0000-0002-7036-7823The aims of this study were to (1) quantify the sleep/wake behaviours of adolescent female basketball players and (2) examine the impact of daily training load on sleep/wake behaviours, during a 14-day training camp. Eleven elite, adolescent, female basketball players (age: 17.3 ± 0.9 years; height: 182.3 ± 5.5 cm; body mass: 77.0 ± 7.2 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. Participants’ sleep/wake behaviours were monitored using self-report sleep diaries and wrist-worn activity monitors. Each day, participants completed between 1 to 5 training sessions (mean duration: 1.9 ± 0.9 h). On days where multiple sessions occurred, the training load for each session was summed to calculate total daily training load. Daily training load was classified as rest (no training), low (1500 AU). Separate linear mixed models revealed a significant difference in participants’ sleep/wake behaviours between rest days and training days. Analyses revealed Pparticipants’ sleep onset and offset times were later on rest days than on training days. Time in bed, total sleep time and sleep efficiency were also greater on rest days compared to training days. On training days, participants did not obtain the recommended 8-10 h of sleep per night during the training camp. Training load (low, moderate, high) had minimal impact on sleep outcomes. During a training camp, training days were associated with reduced sleep duration compared to rest days, but sleep was not impacted by fluctuations in the training load administered to player
Dreaming of creativity: Imaging and imagining the creative self in memoir
No full textBrien, DL ORCiD: 0000-0002-9005-3645Where can creative people find models of creativity and possible creative selves? How do they find examples of how others have imaged and imagined the creative identity that they dream of inhabiting? This article focuses on book-length memoirs written by creative writers, surveying these texts as a sub-genre of popular memoir, and seeking to contribute to understanding of both the creative self and practices of writing about creative process and creative identity
Analysis of using biogas resources for electric vehicle charging in Bangladesh: A techno-economic-environmental perspective
No full textRay, BR ORCiD: 0000-0002-3016-1695The growing popularity of electric vehicles (EV) is creating an increasing burden on the power grid in Bangladesh due to massive energy consumption. Due to this uptake of variable energy consumption, environmental concerns, and scarcity of energy lead to investigate alternative energy resources that are readily available and environment friendly. Bangladesh has enormous potential in the field of renewable resources, such as biogas and biomass. Therefore, this paper proposes a design of a 20 kW electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) using biogas resources. A comprehensive viability analysis is also presented for the proposed EVCS from technological, economic, and environmental viewpoints using the HOMER (Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources) model. The viability result shows that with the capacity of 15–20 EVs per day, the proposed EVCS will save monthly 29.46, respectively, for easy bike and auto-rickshaw type electric vehicles in Bangladesh compare to grid electricity charging. Furthermore, the proposed charging station can reduce 65.61% of CO2 emissions than a grid-based charging station