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Propuesta didáctica para trabajar sumas y restas con material manipulativo en primaria
No full textA pesar de los avances en el ámbito educativo, la metodología tradicional sigue siendo predominante en la enseñanza de las matemáticas. Es por eso por lo que, en este Trabajo de Fin de Grado, se ha diseñado una secuencia didáctica basada en el constructivismo. Ésta está enfocada en el uso de material manipulativo y en la implementación de metodologías activas, como la metodología Montessori, el método de Singapur y el Aprendizaje Cooperativo para trabajar la resolución de problemas en el alumnado de tercero de Educación Primaria.
Se busca que, tal y como defiende el constructivismo, el alumnado participe en actividades que le ayude a construir su propio conocimiento. De esta manera, gracias al material manipulativo, el alumnado trabaja el sentido de las operaciones de suma y resta con números de hasta cuatro cifras. A través de los cinco procesos matemáticos (resolución de problemas, razonamiento y prueba, comunicación, conexiones y representación) y de las metodologías activas, se fomenta en el alumnado el desarrollo de la competencia matemática, imprescindible para enfrentar con éxito situaciones y problemas matemáticos de la vida cotidiana.Hezkuntzan aurrerapenak izan diren arren, metodologia tradizionala nagusi da matematikaren irakaskuntzan. Horregatik, Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan konstruktibismoan oinarritutako sekuentzia didaktiko bat diseinatu da. Sekuentzia material manipulagarriaren erabileran eta metodologia aktiboen ezarpenean oinarrituta dago, hala nola Montessori, Singapur eta Ikaskuntza Kooperatiboa, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren mailako ikasleek buruketak ebatz dezaten.
Konstruktibismoak defendatzen duen bezala, ikasleek beren ezagutza eraikitzen lagunduko dieten jardueretan parte hartzea bilatzen da. Horrela, material manipulagarriari esker, ikasleek gehienez ere lau zifrako zenbakien arteko batuketa eta kenketa eragiketen zentzua landuko dute. Bost prozesu matematikoen bidez (problemen ebazpena, arrazoiketa eta froga, komunikazioa, loturak eta adierazpena) eta metodologia aktiboen bidez, ikasleek matematikarako gaitasuna garatzea sustatzen da, ezinbestekoa baita eguneroko bizitzako egoera eta problema matematikoei arrakastaz aurre egiteko.Despite the advances in the educational field, the traditional methodology remains predominant in the teaching of mathematics. This is why, in this Final Degree Project, a teaching sequence based on constructivism has been designed. It focuses on the use of manipulatives and the implementation of active methodologies, such as the Montessori method, the Singapore method, and Cooperative Learning, to work on problem-solving with third-grade Primary Education students.
The goal is, as constructivism advocates, for students to engage in activities that help them build their own knowledge. In this way, using manipulative material, students work on the concept of addition and subtraction operations with numbers up to four digits. Through the five mathematical processes (problem-solving, reasoning and proof, communication, connections, and representation) and active methodologies, the development of mathematical competence is promoted in students, which is essential for successfully tackling real-life mathematical situations and problems.Graduado o Graduada en Maestro en Educación Infantil/Graduado o Graduada en Maestro en Educación Primaria por la Universidad Pública de NavarraHaur Hezkuntzako Irakasletzan Graduatua edo Lehen Hezkuntzako Irakasletzan Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Effects of physical exercise on metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
No full textBackground. Physical exercise improves mental and physical health of individuals with severe mental illness (SMI); however, its impact on metabolic syndrome remains unclear.
Aims. To evaluate the effects of exercise interventions on metabolic syndrome components in individuals with SMI and explore interactions between exercise and antipsychotic medications on metabolic outcomes.
Methods. Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and APA PsycINFO through October 10, 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of exercise on waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol in SMI. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane RoB-2 tool. Data were pooled using random-effects models in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and JASP.
Results. Ten RCTs (N = 773; mean age 39.9 ± 7.36 years; 38.7% female; 71.5% schizophrenia spectrum disorders) met inclusion criteria. Pooled analyses revealed no significant effects of exercise on waist circumference (SMD = 0.206, 95% CI [-0.118, 0.530], p = 0.171), systolic blood pressure (SMD = 0.194, 95% CI [-0.115, 0.504], p = 0.219), diastolic blood pressure (SMD = -0.21, 95% CI [-0.854, 0.434], p = 0.522), HDL (SMD = 0.157, 95% CI [-0.36, 0.674], p = 0.551), triglycerides (SMD = -0.041, 95% CI [-0.461, 0.38], p = 0.849), or glucose (SMD = -0.071, 95% CI [-0.213, 0.071], p = 0.326). Heterogeneity was moderate to high.
Conclusions. Exercise interventions did not significantly improve metabolic syndrome components in SMI. Future trials must prioritize tailored regimens, adjunctive therapies, and rigorous control of medication effects.Prof. Mikel Izquierdo was supported in part by “Proyectos de I + D + i”» de los Programas Estatales de Generación de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Científico y Tecnológico del Sistema de I + D + i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, en el marco del Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017–2020 (PID2020-113098RB-I00) and by the European Union and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), Unión Europea NextGenerationEU/PRTR with number PLEC2021-0080171 and by EU Funded H2020-DIABFRAIL-LATAM (H2020-SC1-BHC-825546)
Desarrollo de materiales magnéticos imprimibles 3D para su aplicación en refrigeración magnética
No full textEl calentamiento global ha convertido al consumo energético en una de las principales
problemáticas a nivel mundial y particularmente en la Unión Europea. Los sistemas de
refrigeración convencionales tienen un alto impacto en la aceleración del cambio climático y en
términos de eficiencia energética tienen un margen de mejora limitado. La refrigeración magnética,
basada en el uso de materiales magnetocalóricos, se presenta como una nueva alternativa a los
sistemas de refrigeración convencionales, basados en la compresión de gases altamente
contaminantes. Las aleaciones metamagnéticas con memoria de forma destacan por su gran efecto
magnetocalórico, potenciado por el calor latente de la transformación martensítica, que se puede
inducir mediante un campo magnético externo. Sin embargo, estas aleaciones son frágiles y
difíciles de mecanizar, lo que limita su aplicabilidad en estado bulk. En este Trabajo de Fin de
Grado se pretende desarrollar un composite imprimible 3D a partir de PVDF y micropartículas de
una aleación metamagnética con memoria de forma Ni44,5Mn35,5In13,5Co4Cu2,5, que permita la
impresión de piezas con geometrías complejas superando así las limitaciones del bulk. L trabajo
abarca la elaboración de la aleación, la producción de micropartículas, la síntesis del composite y
la extrusión de un filamento imprimible, junto con la correspondiente caracterización
magnetoestructural en cada una de las fases.Global warming has made energy consumption one of the main issues worldwide and particularly
in the European Union. Conventional refrigeration systems have a high impact on the acceleration
of climate change and in terms of energy efficiency they have limited room for improvement.
Magnetic refrigeration, which is based on the use of magnetocaloric materials, is presented as a
new alternative to conventional refrigeration systems, based on the compression of highly
polluting gases. Shape memory metamagnetic alloys stand out for their high magnetocaloric effect,
enhanced by the latent heat of martensitic transformation, which can be induced by an external
magnetic field. However, these alloys are brittle and difficult to machine, which limits their
applicability in bulk. The aim of this Final Degree Project is to develop a 3D printable composite
from PVDF and microparticles of a metamagnetic shape memory alloy Ni44,5Mn35,5In13,5Co4Cu2,5,
which allows the printing of parts with complex geometries, thus overcoming the limitations of
the bulk. This project covers the preparation of the alloy, the production of microparticles, the
synthesis of the composite and the extrusion of a printable filament, along with the corresponding
magnetostructural characterization in each one of the phases.Graduado o Graduada en Ciencias por la Universidad Pública de NavarraZientzietako Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Ethylene biosynthesis in legumes: gene identification and expression during early symbiotic stages
No full textThe final steps of ethylene biosynthesis involve the consecutive activity of two enzymes, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO). These enzymes are encoded by small gene families, which, in the case of legumes, have not been systematically characterized at the level of gene family membership or phylogenetic relationship. Moreover, the absence of consensus nomenclature complicates comparisons within the scientific literature, where authors are addressing the roles of these genes in planta. In this study, we provide a framework in which the ACS and ACO gene family members of several legume species, including the two model legumes Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus, were systematically annotated, named, and analysed relative to genes from other dicot and monocot model species. A combination of phylogenetic and reciprocal BLAST analyses was used to identify evolutionary relationships among genes, including the identification of orthologous relationships that can inform hypotheses about function. Given the role of ethylene as a negative regulator of the legume-rhizobium symbiosis, we queried publicly available RNA-seq expression datasets to obtain an overview of the expression profiles of these genes in the interaction between M. truncatula and its nitrogen-fixing microsymbiont. The resulting evolutionary framework, as well as structural and expression analyses, are intended to facilitate ongoing functional studies in legumes.This work was supported by grants PID2021-122740OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ‘ERDF: A way of making Europe’, and a Government of Navarra grant (PC112-113 LEGUSI). GOG-F has a Ph.D. fellowship from the Public University of Navarra, co-funded by the ‘Ramón y Cajal’ project RYC2018-023867-I. Open access funding was provided by the Public University of Navarra. WK is supported by an ENW-Vidi grant (VI.Vidi.193.119) awarded by the Dutch Research Council (Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek)
Protección de imágenes Docker mediante análisis de vulnerabilidades y estrategias de hardening
No full textEl presente estudio se centra en la seguridad del entorno Docker y la detección de
aquellas vulnerabilidades que puedan afectar a nivel estático, es decir, las vulnerabilidades
que puedan afectar la imagen Docker sin la necesidad de ejecutarla. Para ello, se ha
llevado a cabo un análisis comparativo muy extenso entre las diferentes herramientas
disponibles en el mercado encargadas de detectar dichas vulnerabilidades. Tras numerosas
pruebas con las distintas herramientas y en diferentes entornos se seleccionó la de mejor
desempeño. Finalmente, se desarrollaron varios scripts que junto con la herramienta, se
integraron en los pipelines de GitLab de la empresa para mejorar la seguridad en los
procesos de producción y despliegues de sus productos.This study focuses on the security of the Docker environment and the detection of
vulnerabilities that may affect the static level, that is, those that could affect the Docker
image without having to execute it. To this end, a very extensive comparative analysis was
conducted between the different tools available on the market that detect these
vulnerabilities. After numerous tests with the different tools and in different environments, the
one with the best performance was selected. Finally, several scripts were developed and,
together with the tool, integrated into the company's GitLab pipelines to improve security in
its production and product deployment processes.Graduado o Graduada en Ingeniería en Tecnologías Industriales por la Universidad Pública de NavarraIndustria Teknologietako Ingeniaritzan Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Extended dissimilarities and d-Choquet integral for fuzzy numbers
No full textd -Choquet integrals were introduced as a class of functions that generalize the classical Choquet integral by replacing the difference with a dissimilarity. This paper faces the problem of computing d-Choquet integrals when the information is imprecise/vague and, more specifically, when it is modeled as fuzzy numbers. We also study the main properties of such an extension and analyze how the features of the considered dissimilarity and fuzzy measure impact the extended d -Choquet integral.The authors are grateful to their university. This work is part of the project I+D+i C-EXP-153-UGR23, supported by Consejería de Universidad, Investigación e Innovación of the Junta de Andalucía and by the European Union through the Program FEDER Andalucía 2021-2027. It is also supported by PID2022-136627NB-I00, supported by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE. Open access funding provided by Universidad Pública de Navarra
Assessing the synergistic use of Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and LiDAR Data for forest type and species classification
No full textThe design of effective forest management strategies requires the precise characterization of forested areas. Currently, different remote sensing technologies can be used for forest mapping, with optical sensors being the most common. The objective of this study was to evaluate the synergistic use of Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and LiDAR data for classifying forest types and species. With this aim, a case study was conducted using random forest, considering three classification levels of increasing complexity. The classifications incorporated Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 monthly composites, along with LiDAR metrics and topographic variables. The results showed that the combination of Sentinel-2 monthly composites, LiDAR, and topographic variables obtained the highest overall accuracies (0.90 for level 1, 0.80 for level 2, and 0.79 for level 3). The most important variables were identified as Sentinel-2 red-edge and NIR bands from June, July, and August, along with height-related LiDAR and topographic variables. Although not as precise as Sentinel-2 at the species level, Sentinel-1 enabled the classification of broad forest types with remarkable accuracy (0.80), especially when combined with LiDAR data (0.83). Altogether, the results of this study demonstrate the potential of combining data from different Earth observation technologies to enhance the mapping of forest types and species.This research was co-funded by the project forestOBS (project code 0011-1365-2021-000072), granted in the 2021 call for R&D projects by the Government of Navarre, and the projects ReSAg (PID2019-107386RB-I00) and DAMAGE (PID2023-0152885OB-I00), funded by the Spanish State Research Agency (Agencia Estatal de Investigación, AEI), Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities. Projects included funds from the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER-UE)
Influencia de mindfulness en la conciencia fonológica del alumnado de 3 años
No full textEl Trabajo de Fin de Grado propuesto tiene como objetivo principal analizar la influencia de las técnicas mindfulness en el desarrollo de la conciencia fonológica de niños y niñas de 3 años. Se realiza una sesión compuesta por ocho sesiones basadas en la atención plena, respiración consciente y conciencia corporal, para favorecer, paralelamente, las habilidades lingüísticas relacionadas con la conciencia fonológica, como la discriminación auditiva y la segmentación silábica. El proyecto llevado a cabo en un aula de 1º de Infantil del colegio público El Lago de Mendillorri, trata de promover un aprendizaje consciente y lúdico, vinculando cuerpo, mente y lenguaje. Los resultados obtenidos muestran mejoras en la atención plena, así como en la conciencia fonológica y en la participación activa del alumnado. En suma, observamos niños y niñas con una actitud más calmada y empática. Se concluye con la propuesta de continuar aplicando técnicas mindfulness, para así conocer, dentro del contexto educativo, su influencia en el lenguaje.The main objective of the proposed Final Degree Project is to analyze the influence of mindfulness techniques on the development of phonological awareness in 3-year-old children. A session consisting of eight sessions based on mindfulness, conscious breathing and body awareness is carried out to promote, in parallel, linguistic skills related to phonological awareness, such as auditory discrimination and syllable segmentation. The project, carried out in a 1st grade classroom of the El Lago de Mendillorri public school, seeks to promote conscious and playful learning, linking body, mind and language. The results obtained show improvements in mindfulness, as well as in phonological awareness and in the active participation of the students. In short, we observed children with a calmer and more empathetic attitude. We conclude with the proposal to continue applying mindfulness techniques, in order to know their influence on language, within the educational context.Graduado o Graduada en Maestro en Educación Infantil por la Universidad Pública de NavarraHaur Hezkuntzako Irakasletzan Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Is there a woman in Los candidatos?: gender perception with masculine "generics" and gender-fair language strategies in Spanish
No full textThis study examines how several gender-encoding strategies in Spanish and social factors
influence gender perception, reinforcing or mitigating a sexist male bias. Using an experimental design, we tested four linguistic conditions in a job recruitment context: masculine
forms (theoretically generic), gender-splits, epicenes, and non-binary neomorpheme “-e”.
After reading a profile in one of these conditions, 837 participants (52% women) selected
an image of a woman or man. Results show that masculine forms lead to the lowest
selection of female candidates, manifesting a male bias. In contrast, gender-fair language
(GFL) strategies, particularly the neomorpheme (les candidates), elicited the highest selection
of female images. Importantly, not only did linguistic factors and participants’ gender
identity influence results—with male participants selecting significantly more men in the
masculine condition, but affinity with feminist movements and LGBTQIA+ communities
or positive attitudes towards GFL also modulated responses—increasing female selections
in GFL, but reinforcing male selections in the masculine. Additionally, no extra cognitive
cost was found for GFL strategies compared to masculine expressions. These findings
highlight the importance, not only of linguistic forms, but of social and attitudinal factors
in shaping gender perception, with implications for reducing gender biases in language
use and broader efforts toward social equity.This research has been partially funded by the Theoretical Linguistics Group HiTT (IT1537-22) at the UPV/EHU and by Emakunde-Instituto Vasco de la Mujer, Grants for research work on equality between women and men for the year 2023 (2023-BTI1-TE-05)
Cláusulas arbitrales en el deporte y orden público europeo: sentencia del Tribunal de Justicia GS de agosto de 2025. as C-600/23: Royal Futbol Club Seraing
No full textEl presente trabajo analiza las fricciones entre la autonomía regulatoria del deporte y la primacía del Derecho de la Unión Europea a partir de la sentencia del TJUE en el caso RFC Seraing v. FIFA. Así, aunque la situación del arbitraje -validez de las cláusulas y, especialmente, control jurisdiccional- ejerza de hilo conductor, se estudiarán de manera transversal diferentes aspectos que se derivan de este caso. El artículo partirá de la especificidad del deporte como fundamento para la creación del TAS, aludiéndose a la centralidad de este como método casi exclusivo -por su imposición unilateral por parte de las federaciones internacionales- de resolución de controversias deportivas. A continuación, resultará indispensable referirnos al precedente más relevante que constituye el caso ISU pasando a tratar también la cuestión de fondo en el caso que no ocupa, los conocidos como TPO -third party ownership-, proyectando todo en el ámbito de la sentencia del TJUE en relación con la petición de cuestión de prejudicial que se acaba de resolver -en agosto de 2025- sobre el caso RFC Seraing en la que se abre la puerta a un control jurisdiccional del arbitraje sin precedentes, justificado por un orden público de la UE, entendido en términos bastante amplios. Se trata de una sentencia que, a todas luces, generará desconcierto a los operadores jurídicos involucrados en estas disciplinas.This paper analyzes the frictions between the regulatory autonomy of sport and the primacy of European Union law
with the CJEU ruling in the case RFC Seraing v. FIFA. Thus, although the situation of arbitration – validity of the
clauses and, especially, judicial control – acts as a common thread, different aspects arising from this case will be
studied in a transversal way. The article will start from the specificity of sport as the basis for the creation of the CAS,
alluding to the centrality of this as an almost exclusive method – due to its unilateral imposition by international
federations – of resolving sports disputes. Next, after referring to the most relevant precedent that constitutes the
ISU case we Will also analyse the substantive issue in the RFC Seraingcase case, the so‐called TPO –third party
ownership– and we will project everything within the scope of the CJEU judgment in relation to the request for a
preliminary ruling that has just been resolved – in August 2025 – on the RFC Seraing case which opens the door to an
unprecedented judicial review of arbitration, justified by an EU public policy, understood in fairly broad terms. It is a
ruling that, by all accounts, will generate confusion among the legal operators involved in these disciplines