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When reviews speak through pictures: visual content and its influence on helpfulness
No full textThis research investigates the impact of service quality dimensions displayed in user-generated photos on their perceived helpfulness. Building on the SERVQUAL model and the Haywood-Farmer framework, we propose a novel methodology that integrates advanced image-to-caption techniques with topic modeling algorithms and negative binomial regression to extract, interpret, and quantify the effect of visuals on review helpfulness. Two studies were conducted relying on two sample of online reviews from two tourism-related service types (5,293 hotel reviews from Cancun, Mexico, and 11,252 spa and wellness reviews from Iceland). The results underline the role of visuals in affecting review helpfulness, with aspects such as “Room” “Leisure” and “Hotel Outdoor” positively impacting review helpfulness in hotels and “Natural Water Features” emerging as significant in spa and wellness reviews. Overall, this study underscores the relevance of tangibles and empathy in service evaluation, providing actionable strategies for businesses to optimize visual content.This work is part of the project PID2019-108554RB-I00 funded by Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) 10.13039/501100011033 [grant number: PID2019-108554RB-I00]
Speeding-up diffusion models for remote sensing semantic segmentation
No full textDenoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) have demonstrated exceptional potential across various generative modeling tasks. Despite evident promise in semantic segmentation, their adoption for remote sensing remains limited primarily due to computationally demanding inference. While initial approaches using DDPMs in remote sensing achieve competitive accuracy with state-of-the-art models, the multi-step nature of their image generation process poses a major bottleneck. To address this limitation, this paper investigates three key strategies for accelerating inference: (1) optimizing training and inference steps, (2) applying DDPM acceleration techniques adapted to segmentation task (including Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models, Improved Denoising Diffusion Models, and Progressive Distillation), and (3) thoroughly analyzing the trade-off between accuracy improvement and additional inference time when using test-time augmentation. These strategies are extensively tested with two established remote sensing semantic segmentation datasets focused on buildings and roads. Finally, we compare the optimized diffusion-based model with state-of-the-art convolutional-based models in terms of accuracy and inference times, showing the narrowing gap between both approaches and the increasing viability of diffusion-based segmentation for practical applications.This research received support from an FPU grant (Formación de Profesorado Universitario) awarded to Ruben Pascual (FPU22/02961) by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU). This study was partially funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN) through the project PID2022-136627NB-I00 (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE)
Medidas y recursos inclusivos para el alumnado con Trastorno del Espectro Autista
No full textEste Trabajo de Fin de Grado se centra en el Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA), abordando su evolución a lo largo de tiempo, sus características principales, causas y diagnóstico, pero, sobre todo, su relación con el ámbito educativo. A través de una revisión tanto teórica como empírica, se ha tratado de identificar qué medidas y recursos se pueden aplicar en el aula para dar una respuesta real y eficaz al alumnado con TEA. En este trabajo se habla sobre herramientas como el Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA), el método TEACCH, el Análisis Conductual Aplicado (ABA) y los Sistema Aumentativos y Alternativos de Comunicación (SAAC); que considero fundamentales para avanzar hacia una educación más inclusiva. También se da mucha importancia al papel de las familias y a la formación del profesorado, ya que sin ellas no sería posible una intervención completa. Con este proyecto, mi intención es aportar ideas prácticas que puedan que puedan ser útiles en el día a día del aula y contribuir, en la medida de lo posible, a una escuela que valore y atienda la diversidad.This Final Degree Project focuses on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), addressing its evolution over time, its main characteristics, causes and diagnosis, but, above all, its relationship with the educational environment. Through a theoretical and empirical review, we have tried to identify what measures and resources can be applied in the classroom to provide a real and effective response to students with ASD. This paper discusses tools such as Universal Design for Learning (UDL), the TEACCH method, Applied Behavioural Analysis (ABA) and Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems (AACS), which I consider fundamental to move a more inclusive education. Great importance is algo given to the role of families and teacher training, since without them a complete intervention would not be possible. With this project, my intention is to provide practical ideas that can be useful in the daily life of the classroom and contribute, as far as possible, to a school that values and attends to diversity.Graduado o Graduada en Maestro en Educación Infantil por la Universidad Pública de NavarraHaur Hezkuntzako Irakasletzan Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
XX. mendeko errepresioen atzean dagoen memoria: hezkuntza garbiketa prozesuen adibide zehatza
No full textA raíz el golpe militar que se dio en 1936 y la posterior dictadura franquista, España estuvo
sumida en una espiral de violencia, represión y miedo que paralizó la sociedad y política de la época,
expandiendo así por todo el país y durante más de medio siglo un silencio social e institucional. Las
injusticias de la Guerra Civil y el franquismo y los traumas producidos quedaron ocultas durante
décadas y, además, en 1975, la Transición comenzó a ser un aliado único en la difusión de este silencio.
De hecho, apostaron por un olvido colectivo para lograr estabilidad social y política. No fue hasta la
década de los 90 que se empezó a poder hablar de manera abierta sobre los sucesos traumáticos del
pasado. Dando desde entonces, los primeros pasos hacia la recuperación de la memoria histórica.
Desde entonces, la memoria ha adquirido un papel importante en la esfera pública, hoy en día en su
apogeo. Su principal exponente es la Ley de Memoria Democrática aprobada en 2022. Este nuevo
marco legal anima a la sociedad actual a aprender sobre las persecuciones y el porqué de las razones
que estuvieron detrás del silencio y el olvido que se dio posteriormente. En consecuencia, en el sistema
educativo actual, el tratamiento de la memoria y su importancia se encuentra entre los principales
objetivos de la educación. Gracias a ello, además de educar a los jóvenes actuales en la responsabilidad
por el pasado, permite alcanzar su pensamiento crítico, su respeto y el desarrollo de los valores
democráticos en el tratamiento de la memoria histórica.Espainiak, 1936ko Estatu Kolpearen ondoren, eta matxinatuen eta frankismoaren
ardurapenean, indarkeria gogorren erabilpenean, errepresio bortitzetan eta beldurrean murgilduta
egon zen. Honen ondorioz, isiltasun sozial eta instituzionala nagusitu egin zelarik. Gerra Zibila eta
frankismo bitartean aurrera eramandako bidegabekeriak eta hauek sortutako traumak hamarkadetan
zehar ezkutatuak geratu egin ziren, eta gainera, 1975ean hasi egin zen Trantsizioa garaia aliatu
paregabea izan zen isiltasun honen hedapenean. Izan ere, ahanztura kolektibo baten alde egin zuten
gizartean eta politikan egonkortasuna lortzeko. Ez zen 90ko hamarkadara arte egoera aldatu, gizartea
iragan traumatikoari buruz libreki hitz egiten hasi ez zen arte. Memoria historikoaren
berreskurapenaren aldeko lehen pausoak emanez. Geroztik, memoriak papera garrantzitsua lortu egin
du esfera publikoan, gaur egun bere goren unea pasatzen ari delarik. Honen adierazle nagusia, 2022an
onartu egin zen Memoria Demokratikoaren legea delarik. Lege esparru berri hori, jazarpenei buruz
ikastera bultzatu egiten du gaurko gizartea baita gerora eman zen isiltasun eta ahanzturaren atzean
egon ziren arrazoien zergatia ere. Honen ondorioz, gaur egungo hezkuntza sisteman, memoriaren
tratamendua eta honek daukan garrantzia lantzea, hezkuntzak dituen helburu nagusien artean dago.
Izan ere, honi esker, gaur egungo gazteak iraganarekiko arduran hezitzeaz gain, hauen pentsamendu
kritikoa, errespetua eta balio demokratikoen garapena lortzea ahalbidetu egiten du memoria
historikoaren tratamendua.As a result of the military coup in 1936 and the subsequent Franco dictatorship, Spain was
plunged into a spiral of violence, repression and fear that paralysed the society and politics of the time,
spreading a social and institutional silence throughout the country for more than half a century. The
injustices of the Civil War and Franco's regime and the traumas produced were hidden for decades
and, in 1975, the Transition began to be a unique ally in the spread of this silence. In fact, they opted
for collective oblivion to achieve social and political stability. It was not until the 1990s that it became
possible to speak openly about the traumatic events of the past. Since then, the first steps have been
taken towards the recovery of historical memory. Since then, memory has acquired an important role
in the public sphere, nowadays at its peak. Its main exponent is the Law of Democratic Memory passed
in 2022. This new legal framework encourages today's society to learn about the persecutions and the
reasons behind the silence and oblivion that followed. Consequently, in today's education system, the
treatment of memory and its importance is among the main objectives of education. Thanks to this, in
addition to educating today's young people in responsibility for the past, it enables them to achieve
critical thinking, respect and the development of democratic values in the treatment of historical
memory.Máster Universitario en Profesorado de Educación Secundaria por la Universidad Pública de NavarraBigarren Hezkuntzako Irakasletzako Unibertsitate Masterra Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Tendencias, obstáculos y desafíos en el nuevo contexto de convivencia de los programas de renta mínima en España
No full textLas Prestaciones de Renta Mínima en España han vivido fuertes transformaciones en las últimas décadas. Como hemos visto a lo largo de esta monografía, este nivel de las políticas sociales de lucha contra la pobreza y la exclusión se ha enfrentado a importantes cambios. Estos no solo han venido derivados de nuevas situaciones de necesidad social a las que hacer frente como la precarización de las relaciones laborales o la inestabilidad de estas trayectorias, dando lugar a situaciones inéditas hasta hace una década como la persistencia de situaciones de pobreza en colectivos con empleo o el desempleo de larga duración en algunos grupos poblacionales. Desde luego, este escenario de cambios en la esfera del trabajo ha motivado importantes debates para tratar de responder al reto de la inclusión y la percepción de prestaciones, incluso, en personas con empleo o al desafío de incentivar el empleo en un contexto laboral desmotivante en términos de condiciones laborales.La investigación que aquí se presenta se ha desarrollado en el marco del proyecto de investigación 'Los retos de gobernanza y gestión inclusiva de los programas de renta mínima en el nuevo contexto social e institucional' (PID2021-125710OA-C22), financiado por el Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) y que ha sido desarrollado en el periodo del 01/09/2022 al 28/02/2026
Educational needs in geriatric medicine among health care professionals and medical students in COST Action 21122 PROGRAMMING: mixed-methods survey protocol
No full textBackground: The European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action 21122, PROmoting GeRiAtric Medicine in countries where it is still eMergING (PROGRAMMING) developed an online open survey to assess the educational interests and needs of health care professionals and final-year medical students across participating countries. This survey aims to establish a current baseline for developing educational content on geriatric medicine for nongeriatricians and a framework for its delivery. Objective: This paper describes the aim, development, structure, content, and dissemination of this survey. Methods: The mixed methods electronic survey, initially developed in English through a cocreation process with key stakeholders, was subsequently translated into 24 languages. It received ethics approval from multiple participating countries. Within- and cross-country analyses of the survey data will be conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics for quantitative data and content analyses for qualitative data. National and international teams will conduct analyses in parallel exploring responses within a specific country or region, professional category (or among medical students), or setting of work. Basic descriptive statistics and chi-square tests will evaluate differences in knowledge, relevance, and interest in geriatric topics across countries, professions, and settings of work. The effectiveness of formal education in geriatric medicine and clinical rotations in geriatric settings versus the lack thereof in promoting higher self-perceived knowledge on geriatric medicine topics will be explored using binary logistic regression. We will provide basic descriptive statistics (frequencies) of reported barriers to receiving further training in geriatric medicine and the effectiveness of various teaching methods as rated by the respondents and explore differences across countries, professions, and settings using chi-square tests. We will conduct qualitative content analyses of free-text responses to the questions exploring professionals’ and medical students’ thoughts on caring for older people and medical students’ thoughts on becoming geriatricians. Results: The survey included the following sections: Informed Consent, Demographics, Topics and Skills, Medical Students vs. Professionals, Current Profession (for professionals), Previous Education in Geriatric Medicine (for professionals), Education in Geriatric Medicine (for medical students), Interest in Care of Older People or Geriatric Medicine, Suggestions for Courses in Care for Older People or Geriatric Medicine, and Closure. The survey was disseminated between October 9, 2023, and June 5, 2024, and received 6099 responses; after cleaning, there were 5922 (97.1%) responses (n=5474, 92.43% from professionals and n=448, 7.57% from medical students). Conclusions: This survey’s findings will inform educational projects across the PROGRAMMING countries. We will share these findings with national and international stakeholders, including professional societies, medical schools, and other relevant organizations. We will advocate for professional educational curricula to include geriatric topics rated as relevant by the survey respondents and promote clinical rotations in geriatric settings and teaching methods rated as effective by the survey respondents.The European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action 21122 PROmoting GeRiAtric Medicine in countries where it is still eMergING (PROGRAMMING) CA21122 has received funding from COST under grant agreement AGA-CA21122-1-15351
Extension of Delaunay normalisation for arbitrary powers of the radial distance
No full textIn the framework of perturbed Keplerian systems we deal with the Delaunay normalisation of a wide class of perturbations such that the radial distance is raised to an arbitrary real number ϒ. The averaged function is expressed in terms of the Gauss hypergeometric function 2F1 whereas the associated generating function is the so called Appell hypergeometric function F1. The Gauss hypergeometric function related to the average depends on the eccentricity, e, whereas the Appell function depends additionally on the eccentric anomaly, E, and both special functions are properly defined and evaluated for all e Є [0,1) and E Є [-ꙥ ꙥ]. We analyse when the functions we determine can be extended to e=1. When the exponent of the radial distance is an integer, the usual values of the averaged and generating functions are recovered.The authors received partial support from Project PID2022-140469NB-C21 of the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain
Prevalence of strong anticholinergic use in residents with and without cognitive impairment and frailty: analysis from 106 nursing homes in 12 Asia-Pacific and European countries
No full textPurpose: there is a need to balance the benefits and risks associated with strong anticholinergic medications in older adults, particularly among those with frailty and cognitive impairment. This study explored the international prevalence of strong anticholinergic medication use in residents of nursing homes with and without cognitive impairment and frailty. Methods: secondary, cross-sectional analyses of data from 5,800 residents of 106 nursing homes in Australia, China, Czech Republic, England, Finland, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, and Spain were conducted. Strong anticholinergic medications were defined as medications with a score of 2 or 3 on the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden scale. Dementia or cognitive impairment was defined as a documented diagnosis or using a validated scale. Frailty was defined using the FRAIL-NH scale as 0-2 (non-frail), 3-6 (frail) and 7-14 (most-frail). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: overall, 17.4 % (n = 1010) residents used >= 1 strong anticholinergic medication, ranging from 1.3 % (n = 2) in China to 27.1 % (n = 147) in Italy. The most prevalent strong anticholinergics were quetiapine (n = 290, 5.0 % of all residents), olanzapine (132, 2.3 %), carbamazepine (102, 1.8 %), paroxetine (88, 1.5 %) and amitriptyline (87, 1.5 %). Prevalence was higher among residents with cognitive impairment (n = 602, 17.9 %) compared to those without (n = 408, 16.8 %), and among residents who were most frail (n = 553, 17.9 %) compared to those who were frail (n = 286, 16.5 %) or non-frail (n = 171, 17.5 %). Conclusions: one in six residents who were most frail and living with cognitive impairment used a strong anticholinergic. However, there was a 20-fold variation in prevalence across the 12 countries. Targeted deprescribing interventions may reduce potentially avoidable medication-harm.AJC is supported by an NHMRC Emerging Leadership 1 grant (APP2009633) . LAD and SJL were supported by a postgraduate research scholarship funded by Monash University. SJL was supported by the Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. The Australian Frailty In Residential Sector over Time (FIRST) study was funded by the South Australian Department for Innovation and Skills; the Hospital Research Foundation; the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Centre of Research Excellence in Frailty and Healthy Ageing (Project ID 1102208) ; and Resthaven Inc. through the GTRAC-Resthaven Research Grants Scheme. Apart from Resthaven Inc., the funders did not have a role in the study design, operations, or analysis. The Japanese study was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI, Grant 22K10406) . The Chinese study was supported by the Social Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant 21DSHJ05)
Measuring job risks when hedonic wage models do not do the job
No full textThe theory of compensating differentials predicts that wages should compensate for differences in job characteristics, including the risk of death on the job. Empirically estimating these compensating differentials in real-world labor markets has, however, proven difficult. This paper explores the potential of job satisfaction regressions as an additional valuation approach to estimate the tradeoffs between wages and job amenities along the wage-amenity frontier. In this approach, job satisfaction scores act as a proxy for utility at work, and can be used to directly estimate the tradeoffs between wages and amenities at the job taken by the worker. Conventional hedonic wage regressions with data on thirty-five thousand workers across thirty European countries show limited evidence that European workers facing larger job risks and other workplace disamenities receive higher wages. On the other hand, using the same data, workers who perceive their jobs to be riskier, are absent more days from work due to work accidents, or are exposed to worse conditions at their workplace are less satisfied with their jobs, ceteris paribus, revealing a negative valuation of those job disamenities.This work was partially supported by the National Institutes of Health under Award 5R01AI156866-05 (Ferreira) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación under Grant PID2020-115018RB-C31 (Erro-Garcés and Martínez de Morentin)
Enhancing innovation through ESG practices: the superior impact on family businesses
No full textPurpose: This work contributes to the debate on the link between environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria and firm innovation, incorporating ownership structure as a moderating variable. Design/methodology/approach: This research uses ordinary least squares (OLS) regression to analyse the impact of ESG criteria on innovation, considering firm ownership as a catalyst that strengthens the effect of environmental and social practices on innovative performance. Findings: Family-owned firms, with their unique characteristics like long-term orientation and commitment to family values, strengthen the relationship between environmental and social practices and innovation performance. This suggests that such firms are better positioned to leverage their corporate social responsibility (CSR) commitments and activities. Practical implications: The findings offer valuable insights for decision-making in organizations, particularly family firms focused on innovation and sustainability. The research shows that investing in sustainability practices not only ensures ESG compliance but also significantly fosters innovation. Originality/value: This study contributes to the debate regarding the relationship between ESG criteria and firm innovative performance. It highlights how the implementation of ESG practices influences innovation, and particularly how firm ownership further enhances the relationship between environmental and social practices and firm innovative performance.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation PID
2020-115018RB-C31 and TED2021-132446B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and
by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR)