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“We are the ones who live here”. Reflections of adolescents and young people on the functioning of residential childcare homes in Navarre (Spain)
No full textIntroducción. Este artículo pretende recoger las opiniones de la adolescencia y la juventud en el sistema de protección de Navarra sobre la garantía del derecho a ser escuchados/as en los programas de acogimiento residencial. Asimismo, como aportación relevante, expone las propuestas basadas en sus experiencias personales para mejorar dicho sistema en relación con esta temática. La investigación se centra en un colectivo especialmente vulnerable, considerando la importancia del derecho a la participación y protagonismo en las decisiones que afectan sus vidas, tal como lo establecen las normativas internacionales, estatales y autonómicas. Metodología. Se trata de un estudio mixto, pero con un carácter principalmente cualitativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 27 participantes, incluidos adolescentes en acogimiento residencial y jóvenes ex-tutelados/as, seleccionados mediante muestreo por conveniencia y a través de la técnica de bola de nieve. Para la recogida de datos se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos de discusión. Resultados. Los datos y comentarios muestran un sentimiento generalizado entre los/as participantes de no sentirse escuchados/as durante su estancia en acogimiento residencial, además de evidenciar dificultades para comunicarse con los responsables del sistema. Como una parte central del estudio destacan las propuestas de mejora que aportaron los/as participantes, siendo las más relevantes: un ingreso más amable, normas adaptadas a sus edades, mayor flexibilidad en horarios y uso de dispositivos, acceso a actividades de ocio y mecanismos de contacto directo con las entidades públicas responsables, como teléfonos de emergencia o sistemas de quejas más accesibles. Discusión. Los resultados reflejan que, aunque existen avances normativos y una gran variedad de investigaciones al respecto, la participación efectiva de los/as adolescentes sigue siendo limitada, esto puede ser debido a diferentes barreras que expone el trabajo. El análisis señala la necesidad de continuar adaptando las normas y procesos del sistema a las realidades individuales de los NNA, fomentando su participación activa y vinculante en decisiones clave, así como la validar las propuestas de mejora de los/as adolescentes que incluso coinciden con algunas de las recomendaciones legislativas existentes. Conclusiones. Este estudio evidencia la capacidad crítica, propositiva y transformadora de los/as adolescentes para contribuir a la mejora del sistema de protección. Resalta la necesidad de diseñar estructuras que les permitan asumir un rol aún más activo, reforzar la supervisión gubernamental, continuar mejorando los canales de participación y fomentar un enfoque de derechos basado en el respeto, la autonomía y la comunicación efectiva. Estas medidas son esenciales para garantizar su desarrollo integral y el ejercicio pleno de sus derechos.Introduction. The study objective was to gather the
opinions of adolescents and young people within
the child protection system of Navarre (Spain)
regarding the guarantee of their right to be heard
in residential care programmes. A further relevant contribution of this work is the proposals
on how to improve the system based on the personal experiences collected. The study focuses
on a particularly vulnerable group, emphasizing
the importance of their right to participation and
leadership regarding the decisions affecting their
lives, as established by international, national,
and regional regulations. Methodology. In this mixed-methods study, a predominantly qualitative
approach was followed. The sample consisted of 36
participants, including adolescents in residential
care and young people who were leaving the care
system. They were selected through convenience
sampling and the snowball technique. The data
was collected via semi-structured interviews and
focus groups. Results. The data and the participants’
feedback revealed a widespread feeling of not being
heard during their time in residential care, as well as
difficulties in communicating with the key system
stakeholders. A notable aspect of the study was the
improvement proposals put forward by the participants, such as a friendlier admission process, rules
adapted to their ages, greater flexibility regarding
schedules and device usage, access to leisure activities, and direct communication mechanisms with
the childcare system, such as emergency hotlines or
more accessible complaint systems. Discussion. The
results suggest that the adolescents’ effective participation is still limited, despite normative advances
and a wide variety of studies on the subject. The
analysis underscores the need to continue adapting system rules and processes to the individual
realities of children and adolescents, fostering their
active and binding participation in key decisions.
Additionally, it validated the adolescents’ improvement proposals, which align with some existing
legislative recommendations. Conclusions. This
study highlights the critical, proactive, and transformative capacity of adolescents to improve the
child protection system. It emphasizes the need to
design structures that enable them to assume an
even more active role, strengthen governmental
oversight, further enhance participation channels,
and promote a rights-based approach rooted in
respect, autonomy, and effective communication.
These measures are essential to ensure their integral
development and the full exercise of their rights
Entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad y fuerza en supervivientes de cáncer de mama con cardiotoxicidad asociada al tratamiento oncológico: revisión bibliográfica y propuesta de intervención
No full textAntecedentes: A pesar de la eficacia demostrada del ejercicio İsico sobre
enfermedades cardiovasculares, su aplicación en supervivientes de cáncer de mama
con cardiotoxicidad asociada al tratamiento oncológico sigue siendo limitada. La
evidencia disponible presenta vacíos de conocimiento que requieren nuevas
invesƟgaciones. El objeƟvo fue revisar los efectos del HIIT (entrenamiento interválico
de alta intensidad) o el entrenamiento de fuerza en comparación con el ejercicio
Antecedentes: A pesar de la eficacia demostrada del ejercicio físico sobre enfermedades cardiovasculares, su aplicación en supervivientes de cáncer de mama con cardiotoxicidad asociada al tratamiento oncológico sigue siendo limitada. La evidencia disponible presenta vacíos de conocimiento que requieren nuevas investigaciones. El objetivo fue revisar los efectos del HIIT (entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad) o el entrenamiento de fuerza en comparación con el ejercicio aeróbico y/o la atención habitual. Métodos: Siguiendo la metodología PRISMA, se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, Scopus y PEDro utilizando la estrategia PICO. Resultados: Se identificaron 14 estudios. En comparación con la atención habitual, el HIIT mejoró significativamente la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria y biomarcadores inflamatorios. El entrenamiento de fuerza redujo la fatiga y mejoró parámetros endoteliales significativamente. El HIIT mostró mejoras significativamente mayores en la fatiga frente al ejercicio aeróbico. Conclusión: Se sugiere la prioridad del HIIT y el entrenamiento de fuerza según los objetivos de la rehabilitación.Background: Despite the proven effectiveness of physical exercise in cardiovascular
diseases, its application in breast cancer survivors with treatment-related
cardiotoxicity remains limited. The available evidence shows biases and knowledge
gaps that require further research. The aim was to review the clinical effects of
supervised HIIT (high-intensity interval training) or strength training compared to
aerobic exercise and/or usual care.
Methods: Following the PRISMA methodology, a search was conducted in PubMed,
Scopus and PEDro using the PICO strategy.
Results: 14 studies were identified. Compared to usual care, HIIT significantly
improved cardiorespiratory fitness and inflammatory biomarkers. Strength training
significantly reduced fatigue and improved endothelial parameters. HIIT showed
significantly greater improvements in fatigue compared to aerobic exercise.
Conclusion: It is suggested to prioritize HIIT and strength training according to
rehabilitation goals.Graduado o Graduada en Fisioterapia por la Universidad Pública de NavarraFisioterapian Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Revisión y análisis de la evidencia actual sobre el cribado de cáncer de pulmón
No full textANTECEDENTES: el cáncer de pulmón se trata de la principal causa de
muerte por cáncer a nivel mundial, en gran parte debido a su diagnóstico
en fases avanzadas. La tomografía computarizada de baja dosis (TCBD) ha
emergido como una herramienta prometedora para el cribado en
población de alto riesgo.
OBJETIVO: evaluar la eficacia del cribado de cáncer de pulmón mediante
TCBD en términos de reducción de la mortalidad general y mortalidad
específica por cáncer de pulmón.
METODOLOGÍA: el trabajo consiste en una revisión bibliográfica sobre la
evidencia actualizada del cribado de cáncer de pulmón, realizada conforme
a la metodología PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic
Reviews and Meta-Analyses).
RESULTADOS: los resultados de los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados ofrecen
evidencia heterogénea en cuanto a la eficacia del cribado con TCBD para
reducir la mortalidad general y la específica por cáncer de pulmón.
CONCLUSIÓN: la evidencia disponible en la actualidad apunta a que el
cribado mediante TCBD puede ser una intervención eficaz para reducir la
mortalidad asociada al cáncer de pulmón en población de alto riesgo, pero
no para reducir la mortalidad general.BACKGROUND: lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death
worldwide, largely due to its diagnosis at advanced stages. Low dose
computed tomography (LDCT) has emerged as a promising tool for
screening high-risk populations.
OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effectiveness of lung cancer screening using
LDCT in terms of reducing overall mortality and lung cancer–specific
mortality.
METHODOLOGY: this work consists of a literature review on the current
evidence regarding lung cancer screening, conducted in accordance with
the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses) methodology.
RESULTS: the results of the randomized clinical trials provide
heterogeneous evidence regarding the effectiveness of LDCT screening in
reducing both overall and lung cancer–specific mortality.
CONCLUSION: the evidence that is currently available suggests that LDCT
screening may be an effective intervention for reducing lung cancer–
related mortality in high-risk populations, but not for reducing overall
mortality.Graduado o Graduada en Medicina por la Universidad Pública de NavarraMedikuntzan graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Carbon and water footprints of the revalorisation of glucosinolates from broccoli by-products: case study from Spain
No full textAssessing the costs, benefits, and externalities of circular economy measures from a life cycle perspective is increasingly important for developing sustainable agro-food strategies. This study evaluates the carbon and water implications of revalorising glucosinolates from broccoli by-products through two distinct life-cycle scenarios in a case study conducted in Navarra, Spain. In the first scenario, glucosinolates are obtained from conventional broccoli production, where they are naturally present in the edible inflorescences. The second scenario introduces an innovative step: extracting glucosinolates from otherwise discarded broccoli by-products, such as stalks and inflorescence detachments. Carbon and water footprints were analysed for both scenarios based on the production of 1000 grams of glucosinolates. The results reveal that while the second scenario enhances resource efficiency by utilizing agricultural waste, the environmental costs of the extraction process outweigh the benefits, leading to a 37.6 % increase in greenhouse gas emissions and a 4.6 % rise in water usage compared to the first scenario. To address this, an improvement scenario is proposed, featuring a more efficient use of solvents during extraction, which significantly reduces both emissions and water use. This study underscores that circular economy strategies in agro-food systems do not always translate into environmental benefits accross all resources. A detailed analysis of various carbon and water indicators has provided valuable insights to enhance the environmental performance of such strategies, reinforcing the importance of life-cycle assessments in shaping more effective agro-food policies.This project has been funded by the Government of Navarra through the programme for the Implementation of Strategic R&D Projects for the period 2021-2024. This funding is part of Navarra's contribution to the AGROALNEXT Complementary Agri-Food Plan, which is included in Component 17 Investment 1 of the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan (ALISSEC Project 0011-1411-2021)
On-site identification of esca-affected vines using hyperspectral imaging
Get PDFEsca represents one of the greatest threats to modern viticulture as it causes large annual economic losses.
At present, there is a lack of effective strategies for disease control, so a technique capable of detecting
affected vines would allow annual monitoring of disease incidence in the vineyard leading to a better crop
management and decision making. This study evaluates close-range hyperspectral imaging for the detection
of esca naturally infected vines. Images of 11 vines of the Tempranillo variety grown on plots in Bodegas
Otazu, in Etxauri (Navarre, Spain) were acquired. A Specim IQ snapshot hyperspectral camera was used to
record the images on August, 21 2023 on the field under natural light conditions. The camera has a spectral
resolution of 7 nm (204 wavelengths) and a spatial resolution of 512 x 512 in the 400 ¿ 1000 nm spectral
range (Vis-NIR). An individual image was acquired for each vine, of which 9 were symptomatic and 2
asymptomatic. Three classes were analysed: asymptomatic leaves of asymptomatic vines (Class 1),
asymptomatic leaves of symptomatic vines (Class 2) and asymptomatic areas of symptomatic leaves of
symptomatic vines (Class 3). A total of 300 pixels were randomly selected, 100 per class, for further analysis.
Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLSDA) was used to classify the pixels into the three categories.
An accuracy of 86% was achieved in the cross-validation dataset. Models were externally validated using an
image of an asymptomatic vine and an image of a symptomatic vine. The visualisation of the images showed
that the majority of the pixels of the asymptomatic vine image were classified as class 1, while most of the
pixels of the symptomatic vine image were classified as either class 2 or class 3. Hence, this study
demonstrated the potential of close-range HSI for the on-site detection of esca.This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and from the European Union Next-Generation EU/PRTR (TED2021-130364B-I00)
Enter Ftatateeta: name symbolism in Bernard Shaw's Caesar and Cleopatra
No full textThis study explores the symbolism behind the name Ftatateeta, one of the characters
in Bernard Shaw's Caesar and Cleopatra (1899). This character, one of Shaw's
creations for the play, has a name that is both aurally salient and evocative of
sartorial materials (i.e., tuftaffeta, taffeta). This symbolic name, in turn, goes hand in
hand with the character's discourse and behaviour, as well as with her role as a stock
character
Un rayo que no cesa: arqueología, paisajes hidroeléctricos y vivienda obrera en los embalses del Zadorra (País Vasco)
No full textLos aprovechamientos hidroeléctricos tienen una gran importancia dentro de los sistemas energéticos contemporáneos. La construcción de embalses, presas y centrales trae consigo procesos de transformación radical de los paisajes preexistentes. Es decir, las obras de este tipo son agentes de primer nivel a la hora de dar forma a un territorio. En este artículo se presentan los resultados preliminares de una investigación en curso sobre los paisajes hidroeléctricos en el País Vasco. El estudio de los embalses del Zadorra (1947-1959) arroja luz sobre cuestiones como el extractivismo ambiental y la explotación laboral a través del análisis de fuentes de archivo y de restos arqueológicos como canteras, vías de comunicación y poblados obreros.Hydro-electric power is an extremely important element of contemporary energy systems. The construction of reservoirs, dams and power plants involves processes of radical transformation of pre-existing landscapes. In other words, works of this type are determining actors in shaping a region. This paper presents the preliminary results of an ongoing study of hydro-electric land-scapes in the Basque Country. The study of the Zadorra reservoirs (1947-1959) sheds light on issues such as extractivism and labour exploitation through analysis of archival sources and archaeological remains: quarries, communication routes and workers’ villages
The impact of global news items on bitcoin volatility
No full textThis study examines the temporary impact of major global news on bitcoin absolute price changes from 2018 to 2023, focusing on information related to the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation, and the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Using Bloomberg news and high-frequency data, the analysis is conducted in two stages. First, hourly price data and only highly significant news are analysed over the entire period. Second, second-by-second data from the CME Bitcoin Real Time Index (BRTI) is employed for key dates, incorporating broader news categories. The results show that bitcoin investors need approximately 45 minutes to process each news item on COVID-19 and war as information continuously flows into the market. This constant information processing enables investors to anticipate highly significant news on these topics up to two hours before its publication. Conversely, inflation-related news exhibits concentrated effects around scheduled release times. The findings highlight the necessity of selecting appropriate time frequencies for the analysis to avoid misinterpretation. Overall, the study highlights the significant impact that relevant global news has on bitcoin price volatility, suggesting that bitcoin markets are becoming increasingly integrated with traditional financial markets.This work was supported by grants R+D+i PID2022-136818NB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF A way of making Europe, PID2019-104304GB-I00 and TED2021-131216B-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and the UE "NextGenerationEU"/PRTR, respectively and by the Government of Aragon (code S11_23R
Derechos y disposiciones relativas al uso primario de los datos de salud electrónicos personales
No full textEl Reglamento relativo al Espacio Europeo de Datos de Salud (REEDS), pretende desplegar todo el potencial de estos datos e integrarse en un contexto legal más amplio compuesto por marcos legales y de gobernanza principalmente horizontales, como, por ejemplo: el Reglamento General de Protección de Datos; el Reglamento (UE) 2017/745 sobre los productos sanitarios; el Reglamento (UE) 2017/746 sobre los productos sanitarios para diagnóstico in vitro; el Reglamento de Inteligencia Artificial; Reglamento de Gobernanza de datos; Reglamento de Datos.El presente trabajo es parte del proyecto de Investigación «Contratación de Servicios de Telemedicina: Actualidad y Desafíos Jurídicos» (TED2021-129472B-00/MICINN «Next Generation EU» /PRTR)
Study of valve interstitial and endothelial cell sex differences and potential mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism benefits in chronic aortic regurgitation
No full textEl tutor de la tesis es Íñigo Lasa UzcudunBackground. Chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) is one of the most common heart valve diseases (HVD) of the aortic valve (AV), with an estimated prevalence of 1.6 % in the general population over 65 years old, and its three times more prevalent in men. There is currently a lack of pharmacological treatments that can delay or reverse chronic AR, being its surgical replacement or repair the only effective treatments. Little is known about its pathophysiology, often underscored because of the higher prevalence of aortic stenosis and a common misunderstanding of AR as an early stage of it. The two main cell populations of the heart valves are the valve interstitial cells (VICs) and the valve endothelial cells (VECs), which contribute to an excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling by VIC myofibroblast activation and VEC endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) involvement in HVD has been previously described, along with the benefits of MR antagonism (MRA) in cardiovascular diseases.
Objectives. The present doctoral Thesis focuses on describing the cellular and molecular differences between sexes in AR, and the possible beneficial effects of the MRA treatment.
Methods. AV tissues of a cohort of 144 patients diagnosed with AR by echocardiography, and human primary-cultured VIC and VEC were used in this Thesis. OMIC technologies including bulk transcriptomics on VICs and VECs and proteomic studies on cellular secretomes and whole AVs were conducted. Bioinformatic analyses with EnrichR and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) were performed for transcriptome results interpretation. Validation studies using histology, immuno-cyto/histochemistry, ELISA, western blotting or qPCR were applied, as appropriate.
Results. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that male VICs had a proinflammatory, profibrotic and proliferative profile, whereas VICs from women tend to have a higher lipidic metabolism. In accordance, Olink discovery experiments showed that VICs from men secreted more cytokines and inflammatory mediators. Conversely, isolated VECs tend to go through EndMT, resulting in highly heterogenous cell cultures that make specially challenging their analyses. Nonetheless, based on the donor’s sex only COL8A1 was found differentially expressed. Importantly, the MR was more expressed in male VICs, and its expression correlated positively with VIC activation and fibrotic markers, even in full AVs. The use of MRA in vitro decreased inflammatory and fibrotic molecules secretion in male VICs. A cohort subanalysis in MRA treated and non-treated patients showed that MRA-treated patients presented overall lower levels of proinflammatory and collagen molecules than non-MRA patients.
Conclusions. Cellular and molecular sex-related mechanisms may drive AR and require specific drug choices to provide adequate personalized treatments. Fibroinflammatory cues and metabolism seem to be pivotal to the sex-specific contribution of the VICs in AR. Moreover, VECs seems to contribute to valvular ECM changes in AR through EndMT, despite the technical challenges reported in this Thesis. MR seems to mediate fibro-inflammatory phenotypes at the cellular and tissue levels in AR, thus arising as a possible treatment in the management of AR that could be easily regulated by MRAs already approved by reference health agencies.Programa de Doctorado en Biotecnología (RD 99/2011)Bioteknologiako Doktoretza Programa (ED 99/2011