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Wegweiser für Eltern und Familien mit Kindern bis 6 Jahren
No full textDas Familienbegleitheft des Jugendamtes des Landkreises Zwickau wendet sich an junge Mütter und Väter sowie Eltern mit Kindern bis zum 6. Lebensjahr
Learning by Doing: Insights from Power Market Modelling in Energy Economics Courses
No full textMuch of energy economics curricula involves the study of techno-economic aspects of energy systems with an increasing focus devoted to fostering an understanding of the interactions between innovative technologies and adaptive markets. As the interplay of these dynamics and their impacts on market equilibria and outcomes is quite complex, optimization models are well-suited to facilitate their study. This paper presents two exemplary model approaches and associated case studies, which can be employed to study market developments driving long-term adaptations in the portfolio of power-generation assets as well as scheduling problems of individual plant owners with a focus on assessing the impact of changing market conditions on the profitability of investments. The combination of these two modelling approaches constitutes an innovative means of facilitating students’ understanding of how individual decisions of different market stakeholders lead to welfare-maximizing market equilibria under the assumption of perfect competition. The models are discussed along with the experiences acquired employing them in various forms as project assignments. In summary, the integration of modelling exercises and assignments into the curriculum of energy economics courses has proven to be a practical means of reinforcing and broadening lecture material that is both interesting and rewarding for students
Curtailing Renewable Feed-In Peaks and Its Impact on Power Grid Extensions in Germany for the Year 2030
No full textTransmission grid extension is a central aspect of the future energy system transition. This is due to the diverging occurrence of renewable energy feed-in and consumption. The existing layout of the German grid was not designed to accommodate this divergence. To analyze the most cost-effective grid extensions, efficient methods for techno-economic analysis are required. The challenge of conducting an analysis of grid extensions involves the lumpy investment decisions and the non-linear character of several restrictions in a real-data environment. The addition of new lines makes the grid characteristic variable for approximately load flow calculations. The following paper presents an application of the Benders Decomposition, dividing the problem into an extension and a dispatch problem combined with a Karush–Kuhn–Tucker-system. This combination enables one to solve the problem within reasonable time by using the favorable conditions contained in the sub-problem. The method is applied to the analysis of the integration of renewable energy within the context of German transmission grid extension planning for the year 2030. It can be shown that curtailing feed-in peaks of renewables can significantly reduce the extent of grid extensions necessary to sustain the energy system in Germany
Cross Border Commercial flow of Electricity for Germany: What does market data tell us?
No full textThe paper analyses historical cross border commercial flow (CBCF) of electricity for Germany for the years 2012 to 2015. Based on graphical solution for CBCF it is hypothesized that with increasing shares of fluctuating renewable energy sources in Germany, it would be exporting more electricity at lower prices while importing at relatively higher prices. For this the relation between CBCF, spot prices and VRE (Variable Renewable Energy) is explored. Weak evidence is found to support the hypothesis however the effect of VRE on export appears to be becoming stronger. Furthermore, it is seen that VRE generation has a stronger correlation with export compared to spot prices in Germany
Fight INflammation to Improve outcome after aneurysmal Subarachnoid HEmorRhage (FINISHER) trial: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
No full textRationale: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has high morbidity and mortality. While the primary injury results from the initial bleeding cannot currently be influenced, secondary injury through vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia worsens outcome and might be a target for interventions to improve outcome. To date, beside the aneurysm treatment to prevent re-bleeding and the administration of oral nimodipine, there is no therapy available, so novel treatment concepts are needed. Evidence suggests that inflammation contributes to delayed cerebral ischemia and poor outcome in SAH. Some studies suggest a beneficial effect of anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids, but there are no data from randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of glucocorticoids. Therefore, current guidelines do not recommend the use of glucocorticoids in SAH.
Aim: The Fight INflammation to Improve outcome after aneurysmal Subarachnoid HEmorRhage (FINISHER) trial aims to determine whether dexamethasone improves outcome in a clinically relevant endpoint in SAH patients.
Methods and design: FINISHER is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical phase III trial which is testing the outcome and safety of anti-inflammatory treatment with dexamethasone in SAH patients.
Sample size estimates: In all, 334 patients will be randomized to either dexamethasone or placebo within 48 h after SAH. The dexamethasone dose is 8 mg tds for days 1-7 and then 8 mg od for days 8-21.
Study outcome: The primary outcome is the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 6 months, which is dichotomized to favorable (mRS 0-3) versus unfavorable (mRS 4-6).
Discussion: The results of this study will provide the first phase III evidence as to whether dexamethasone improves outcome in SAH.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05132920
